108th Wing

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108th Wing
108th Air Refueling Wing - Operation Joint Forge.jpg
108th Wing KC-135 at Istres AB, France. Wing members from the 108th deployed, under Operation Joint Forge, to Istres Air Base, France to assist in the base closure and the relocation of assets and personnel.
Active 26 May 1949-Present
Country  United States
Allegiance  New Jersey
Branch US-AirNationalGuard-2007Emblem.svg  Air National Guard
Type Wing
Role Composite Air Refueling
Part of New Jersey Air National Guard
Garrison/HQ McGuire Air Force Base, Trenton, New Jersey
Nickname(s) "Jersey Thunder"
Tail Code Blue Tail Stripe "New Jersey" in Yellow
Insignia
108th Air Refueling Wing emblem 108th Air Refueling Wing.png

The 108th Wing (108th WG) is a unit of the New Jersey Air National Guard, one of the many units stationed at Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey. If activated to federal service, the Wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Mobility Command.

The World War II predecessor unit, 348th Fighter Group, was the most successful P-47 Thunderbolt group in the South West Pacific Theatre. Its commander, Colonel Neel Ernest Kearby was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions in combat. Over a dozen of the group's pilots became Flying aces.

Overview

The 108th Wing principal mission is air refueling. The wing enhances the Air Force's capability to accomplish its primary missions of Global Reach and Global Power. It also provides aerial refueling support to Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps aircraft as well as aircraft of allied nations. The wing is also capable of transporting litter and ambulatory patients using patient support pallets during aeromedical evacuations.

In addition to their primary air refueling mission, the Wing also supports an Intelligence Squadron and a Contingency Response Group

Units

The 108th wing consists of the following units:[1]

The 108 CRG is the Air Force's rapid entry force designed to assess and open an air base, perform initial airfield operations and ensure a smooth transition to combat sustainment. The group performs noncombat evacuations, humanitarian relief operations, and disaster response as well as full spectrum war airbase opening.
  • 204th Intelligence Squadron
The 204th Intelligence Squadron is the first Air National Guard Squadron that is solely dedicated to providing intelligence instruction and training products to the Air Force Air Mobility Command. It is also the first course of its kind in the intelligence community that integrates active duty, National Guard and reserve students.

The wing operates a total of 8 KC-135R Stratotankers and Detachment 2, 108th Air Refueling Wing flying a single C-135B transport version of the KC-135.

History

World War II

see: 348th Fighter Group for full World War II history
File:Oneill-348fg.jpg
First Lieutenant Lawrence F. O’Neill of the 342nd Fighter Squadron, in the cockpit of his Republic P-47D Thunderbolt, AAF Serial No. 42-22903, which he christened “Kathy/Veni Vidi Vici,” following his quadruple victory on 26 December 1943. O'Neill survived the war and reached Ace status with a total of 5 aerial victories.

The 348th Fighter Group was activated at Mitchel Army Airfield, New York, on 30 September 1942. It was equipped with the P-47 Thunderbolt. The 348th was one of the first USAAF Groups to be equipped with the P-47.

After an extended period of training in the northeast United States, the Group deployed to Archer Field (Archerfield Airport), Brisbane, Australia in June 1943. Began long-range missions to strike at Japanese targets in New Guinea. In mid-June the 348th made the 1,200-mile flight from Brisbane to Port Moresby, New Guinea. The unit operated from New Guinea and Noemfoor until November 1944, flying patrol and reconnaissance missions and escorted bombers to targets in New Guinea and New Britain.

In 1944 the 348th began to attack airfields, installations, and shipping in western New Guinea, Ceram, and Halmahera to aid in neutralizing those areas preparatory to the US invasion of the Philippines. When U.S. troops landed on Luzon the group in process of conversion from P-47's to P-51 Mustangs, began operation from San Marcelino airstrip a few days after the landing at San Marcelino and Subic Bay. From this location the unit engaged in ground support operations, bombing and strafing in close support of ground troops. Remained in the Philippines throughout the campaign, moving to Okinawa in mid July 1945 in preparation for the planned invasion of Japan. Engaged in long-range operations over the Japanese Home Islands until ceasing combat on 14 August 1945.

Became part of the Army of Occupation in Japan, moving to Itami Airfield, Japan in October 1945 as part of Far East Air Forces. Inactivated at Itami Airfield on 10 May 1946.

New Jersey Air National Guard

The wartime 348th Fighter Group was re-designated as the 108th Fighter Group, and was allotted to the New Jersey Air National Guard, on 24 May 1946. It was organized and re-designated as the 108th Strategic Fighter Wing at Mercer Airport, Trenton, New Jersey and was extended federal recognition on 26 May 1949. It was allocated to the Strategic Air Command by the National Guard Bureau.

The 108th Strategic Fighter Wing was entitled to the history, honors, and colors of the 348th. The wing consisted of the 108th Strategic Fighter Group; 108th Headquarters Group, 108th Material Group (Maintenance), 108th Combat Support Group, and the 177th USAF Dispensary. The 141st Strategic Fighter Squadron was assigned to the 108th Strategic Fighter Group, and was equipped with F-47D Thunderbolt aircraft.

In the late 1940s, the new Strategic Air Command (SAC) was manned by personnel of the wartime Eighth and Fifteenth Air Forces. During World War II they usually encountered swarms of enemy fighters and knew the importance of having fighter escorts. In the postwar era, SAC had fighter wings placed under their own operational control. The Wing trained in escorting SAC's B-29 and later B-50 and B-36 strategic bombers.

F-84Fs from the 7108th Tactical Wing (108th TFW) in formation over Chaumont-Semoutiers Air Base, France – 1962.
Republic F-105B AF Serial No. 57-5829. The sign on the hangar proudly proclaiming McGuire AFB as the "Home of the Air Guard Thunderchiefs".
File:NJANGandNorwayF-5.jpg
McDonnell F-4D-28-MC Phantom AF Serial No. 65-0696 of the 141st TFS with a Norwegian Air Force Northrup F-5E Freedom Fighter while deployed to NATO on 1 September 1982. After its retirement in 1985, this aircraft was briefly in private hands as civil registration N402AV, then preserved at the Heritage Aviation Airpark, Palmdale, California.
File:Usaf.kc135.750pix.jpg
KC-135 refueling an F-22A

The unit was called to active federal service on 1 March 1951 and assigned to Strategic Air Command 40th Air Division. In its activated configuration, the wing was composed of the 141st Fighter Squadron (New Jersey ANG), 149th Fighter Squadron (Virginia ANG) and the 153rd Fighter Squadron (Mississippi ANG). The Wing was sent to Turner AFB, Georgia where it continued its mission to provide fighter escorts to SAC bombers on training missions. In December 1951 it was moved to Godman AFB, Kentucky where it replaced a unit deployed to England. It was released from active duty and returned to New Jersey state control on 10 November 1952.

With return to state control, the Wing was transferred to Air Defense Command (ADC) and was re-designated as a Fighter-Interceptor Wing. In addition to the now redesignated 141st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, the wing added the 119th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron at Atlantic City. Both Squadrons were re-equipped with ith the long-range North American P-51H Mustang fighter and Designed for the invasion of Japan, the P-51H was the last variant of the P-51 Mustang of World War II, but was produced too late to see any wartime combat. Not used in the Korean War due to it not being believed as "rugged" as its famous "D" model predecessor, the P-51H was used instead to equip Air National Guard units into the 1950s as an ADC interceptor. In 1955, the Mustangs were retired and the squadron entered the jet age, with the arrival of the North American F-86E Sabre.

The 108th FIW was transferred to Tactical Air Command (TAC) in 1958, being re-designated as a Tactical Fighter Wing. The 141st and 119th Tactical Fighter Squadrons transferred its interceptors and received and F-84F Thunderstreak fighter-bombers.

On 1 October 1961, as a result of the Berlin crisis, the 108th TFW was again ordered to active federal duty. When activated, the 108th consisted of three squadrons, the 119th TFS at Atlantic City Airport, the 141st TFS McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey, and the 149th TFS from the Virginia ANG at Byrd Field, near Richmond, Virginia. All three squadrons were flying the F-84F Thunderstreak.

Once activated, the wing was deployed to Chaumont-Semoutiers Air Base, France. However, only a portion of the 108th TFW deployed to France due to DOD budget limitations. This consisted of 28 F-84F's of the 141st TFS and officers and airmen from all three squadrons, with the remaining aircraft and personnel remaining on active duty at their home stations. The first elements of the 108th deployed to Chaumont from McGuire AFB on 16 October with the last aircraft and personnel arriving on 6 November. The ground units deployed by sealift, with the deployed elements reaching Chaumont by 17 November.

In France, the deployed elements of the 108th TFW were designated the 7108th Tactical Wing on 20 November due to the reduced strength of the wing in Europe. The primary mission of the 7108th was to provide close air support to the Seventh Army in Europe under the direction of Ground Forward Air Controllers. To accomplish this mission, up to 30 sorties were flown each day. Pilots and aircraft were rotated back and forth from Atlantic City and Richmond in order for all pilots in the wing to become familiar with flying conditions at Chaumont and to teach USAFE operational procedures.

The deployment to France ended in October 1962 and the wing returned to New Jersey state control. The 119th TFS expanded to group size with the activation of the 177th Tactical Fighter Group. Immediately following this action, their F-84Fs were replaced by North American F-86H Sabres. The 141st TFS, having left their F-84F's in France, were re-equipped with F-86H's upon their return.

In April 1964, the 108th traded their Sabrejets in for the F-105B "Thunderchief". the 108th was the first Air National Guard unit to fly twice the speed of sound. In May 1981, the F-4D Phantom II replaced the F-105s, and in 1985, they were upgraded to the F-4E Phantom II.

In 1989, the 108th was declared the best Air National Guard flying unit and awarded the coveted Spatz Trophy. It participated in numerous exercises and made six overseas deployments as a fighter unit, to France, Greece, Ecuador and three times to Norway.

With the end of the Cold War, the 108th Tactical Fighter Wing was re-aligned to a KC-135 Stratotanker Air Refueling Wing. The F-4s were retired and the squadron was re-designed as the 141st Air Refueling Squadron. Also, as part of the conversion of the wing to the Objective Wing organization, the 108th Tactical Fighter Group became the 108th Operations Group, to which the 141st was assigned. The 108th received its first KC-135E Stratotanker on 27 September. Yet, a scant 69 days later, on 6 December, it flew its first refueling mission. Forty one days later, on 16 January 1992, it flew its first operational mission – a night, air refueling of an E-3B "Sentry" bound for the Persian Gulf.

1992 was a busy year for the 108th. They flew their first passenger airlift mission on 27 February; its first overseas mission (Costa Rica) on 13 March; its first European mission, Germany 28 May, (South Korea) on 20 July, and its first humanitarian mission on 1 September, (three Stratotankers filled with critically needed supplies to "Hurricane Andrew" (Florida) victims). The Wing was certified combat ready on 3 December 1992. The very next day it was tasked with two missions – its first operational deployment – nothing less than spearheading and establishing the U.S. – Somalia air bridge for OPERATION RESTORE HOPE. It not only deployed an air refueling detachment to Moron Air Base, Spain, but also airlifted active duty air crews to Cairo West Air Base, Egypt. In January 1993, while deployed at Moron AB, Spain, the Wing off loaded its one millionth pound of fuel.

On 1 October 1993, the NJANG 170th Air Refueling Group, consolidated with the 108th Air Refueling Wing. The 108th welcomed the 150th Air Refueling Squadron's 37 years experience in airlift and air refueling operations, and its 130,454 accident-free flying hours, recognized as the worlds safest flying record.

In September 1994, for over 30 days, five aircraft and 300 members deployed to Pisa, Italy for DENY FLIGHT. The 108th replaced the 126 ARW of the Illinois Air National Guard. Supported by 15 active duty Air Force personnel, the 108th ARW was the first Air National Guard unit to take full responsibility during that period.

May through August 1995, 13 members of the 108th and 170th Clinic deployed to Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba for a humanitarian mission, Operation Sea Signal.

In 2007, the 108 ARW began retiring its KC-135E aircraft and transitioning to the KC-135R.

Lineage

  • Constituted as 348th Fighter Group on 24 September 1942
Activated on 30 September 1942
Inactivated on 10 May 1946
  • Re-designated 108th Fighter Group and allotted to the New Jersey Air National Guard on 24 May 1946
  • Established as: 108th Strategic Fighter Wing extended federal recognition on 26 May 1949
108th Strategic Fighter Group assigned as subordinate unit
Federalized and placed on active duty, 1 March 1951
Released from active duty and returned to New Jersey state control, 10 November 1952
Re-designated: 108th Fighter-Interceptor Wing on 10 November 1952
Group re-designated 108th Fighter-Interceptor Group
Re-designated: 108th Tactical Fighter Wing on 1 July 1958
Group re-designated 108th Tactical Fighter Group
Federalized and placed on active duty, 1 October 1961
Federalized deployed components operated as 7108th Tactical Wing
Released from active duty and returned to New Jersey state control, 30 August 1962
108th Tactical Fighter Group inactivated 30 June 1974
Re-designated: 108th Air Refueling Wing on 19 Oct 1991
Re-designated: 108th Wing on 1 December 2009
Group re-activated and re-designated as 108th Operations Group

Assignments

Gained by: Strategic Air Command
Gained by: Air Defense Command
Gained by: Tactical Air Command, 1 July 1958
Federalized 7108th Tactical Wing assigned to United States Air Forces in Europe, 1 October 1961-30 August 1962
Gained by: Air Combat Command, 1 June 1992
Gained by: Air Mobility Command, 1 June 1993-Present

Components

World War II

New Jersey Air National Guard

  • 108th Fighter (later, Strategic Fighter; Fighter-Bomber; Fighter-Interceptor; Tactical Fighter) Group, 26 May 1949-19 Oct 1991
Re-designated: 108th Operations Group, 19 Oct 1991-Present

Stations

Aircraft

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Air Force Historical Research Agency.

  1. ↑ WHAT'S IN A NAME?

External links

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