1258
From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
<templatestyles src="Module:Hatnote/styles.css"></templatestyles>
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 12th century – 13th century – 14th century |
| Decades: | 1220s 1230s 1240s – 1250s – 1260s 1270s 1280s |
| Years: | 1255 1256 1257 – 1258 – 1259 1260 1261 |
| 1258 by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1258 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1258 MCCLVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2011 |
| Armenian calendar | 707 ԹՎ ՉԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6008 |
| Bengali calendar | 665 |
| Berber calendar | 2208 |
| English Regnal year | 42 Hen. 3 – 43 Hen. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1802 |
| Burmese calendar | 620 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6766–6767 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁巳年 (Fire Snake) 3954 or 3894 — to — 戊午年 (Earth Horse) 3955 or 3895 |
| Coptic calendar | 974–975 |
| Discordian calendar | 2424 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1250–1251 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5018–5019 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1314–1315 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1180–1181 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4359–4360 |
| Holocene calendar | 11258 |
| Igbo calendar | 258–259 |
| Iranian calendar | 636–637 |
| Islamic calendar | 655–656 |
| Japanese calendar | Shōka 2 (正嘉２年) |
| Julian calendar | 1258 MCCLVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3591 |
| Minguo calendar | 654 before ROC 民前654年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1800–1801 |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1258. |
Year 1258 (MCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By area
Global
- Observed effects of an eruption of the Indonesian volcano Mount Rinjani in late 1257 include the following anecdotal accounts: dry fog in France; lunar eclipses in England; severe winter in Europe; a "harsh" spring in northern Iceland; famine in England, western Germany, France, and northern Italy; and pestilence in London, parts of France, Austria, Iraq, Syria, and south-east Turkey.[1]
Asia
- February 10 – The Siege of Baghdad ends with a battle in which Hulagu Khan's Mongol forces overrun Baghdad, then the leading center of Islamic culture and learning and capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. They burned the imperial city to the ground, killing as many as 1,000,000 citizens, and destroyed the House of Wisdom containing countless precious historical documents and books on subjects ranging from medicine to astronomy.
- The Chinese era Baoyou ends in the Northern Song dynasty of China.
- Korea surrenders to the Mongols, ending the effective resistance of the Choe faction within Korea.
- The Mongol Empire invades the Đại Việt (present-day northern Vietnam).
Europe
- Llywelyn ap Gruffudd declares himself Prince of Wales. He is the final ruler of an independent Wales, before its conquest by the English.
- King Henry III of England is forced by seven powerful barons to accept the Provisions of Oxford.
- Gissur Þorvaldsson is made Earl of Iceland by King Haakon IV of Norway.
- Mongol Golden Horde attack against Lithuania.
- The Battle of Karydi ends the War of the Euboeote Succession in a crushing victory for William II of Villehardouin, Prince of Achaea.
By topic
Markets
- In Genoa, the Republic starts imposing forced loans, known as luoghi to its taxpayers; they are a common resource of medieval public finance.[2]
Religion
- Civil unrest in northern Italy spawns the medieval musical form of Geisslerlieder, penitential songs sung by wandering bands of Flagellants.
Births
- Osman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1326)
- Trần Nhân Tông, emperor of Vietnam (d. 1308)
- probable
- Arghun, fourth Ilkhanate ruler of Iran (d. 1291)
- Henryk IV Probus, Duke of Wrocław (d. 1290)
Deaths
- February – Sulaiman Shah, Abbasid soldier
- February 20 – Al-Musta'sim, last Abbasid Caliph of Baghdad
- June 2 – Peter I, Count of Urgell
- July 22 – Meinhard I, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol (b. c. 1200) (alternative date is February)
- August 18 – Theodore II Laskaris, emperor of Nicea (Byzantine emperor in exile)
- August 25 – George Mouzalon, regent of the Empire of Nicaea
- November 10 – William de Bondington, Bishop of Glasgow
- Abul Hasan ash-Shadhili, Moroccan spiritual leader (b. 1175)
- Clement of Dunblane, first Dominican bishop in Britain
- Hong Bok-won, Goryeo commander who later served the Mongol Empire
