1570s in England
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Events from the 1570s in England.
Incumbents
Monarch - Elizabeth I
Events
- 1570
- 25 February - Pope Pius V excommunicates Queen Elizabeth I of England with the papal bull Regnans in Excelsis.[1]
- Florentine banker Roberto di Ridolfi devises the Ridolfi plot to assassinate Elizabeth and replace her with the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots.
- Whitechapel Bell Foundry known to be in existence in London. By the early 21st century it will be the oldest manufacturing company in Great Britain.[2]
- The home and library of John Dee at Mortlake begin to serve as an informal prototype English academy for gentlemen with scientific interests.[3]
- During this decade, Humphrey Gilbert produces his proposal for The erection of an achademy in London for educacion of her Maiestes wardes, and others the youth of nobility and gentlemen [sic].
- Approximate date – Thomas Tallis composes his 40-part motet Spem in alium.
- 1571
- 23 January - The Royal Exchange officially opened by Queen Elizabeth.[4]
- April - Treason Act forbids criticism of the monarchy.[5]
- May - All papal bulls declared treasonable by Act of Parliament.[5]
- 25 June - Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Horncastle, is founded in Lincolnshire.
- 27 June - Establishment of Jesus College "within the City and University of Oxford of Queen Elizabeth's foundation" by Welsh cleric and lawyer Hugh Price.[6]
- 25 July - The Free Grammar School of Queen Elizabeth of the Parishioners of the Parish of Saint Olave in the County of Surrey is established in Tooley Street, London.
- 29 August - Ridolfi plot discovered.[5] On 7 September Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, is arrested for his part in the conspiracy.
- The first Pro forma bill is introduced, symbolising Parliament's authority over its own affairs.[7]
- 1572
- 2 June - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, is executed for treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Catholicism in England.[8]
- 11 July - Humphrey Gilbert leads 1500 English volunteers on an expedition to assist the Dutch Sea Beggars in their struggle against Spanish Habsburg rule.[8]
- Vagabonds Act prescribes punishment for rogues. This includes actors' companies lacking formal patronage.
- Harrow School founded.[9]
- Publication of a revised version of the Bishops' Bible.
- 1573
- 17 April - English troops capture Edinburgh Castle.[5]
- 18 December - Francis Walsingham becomes Secretary of State.[5]
- Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School for Boys established in Barnet at the petition of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester.
- 1574
- 18 August - Treaty of Bristol settles commercial disputes with Spain.[5]
- Construction of Longleat House completed.[5]
- 1575
- March - Spain opens the port of Antwerp to English traders, in return for Queen Elizabeth agreeing to stop aiding Dutch rebels against Spanish rule.[5]
- 7 July - Raid of the Redeswire: Sir John Carmichael of Scotland defeats Sir John Forster of England in a border skirmish which will be the last battle between the two kingdoms.
- 26 July - Edmund Grindal succeeds Matthew Parker as Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 14 November - Elizabeth declines an offer of rule over the Netherlands.[5]
- Christopher Saxton publishes his County Atlas of England and Wales.[5]
- William Byrd and Thomas Tallis are granted a royal monopoly for the publication of most types of music.
- 1576
- 8 February - Peter Wentworth is imprisoned for speaking in Parliament against royal interference in its affairs.
- 11 August - Explorer Martin Frobisher discovers Frobisher Bay whilst searching for the Northwest Passage.[1]
- December - James Burbage opens London's second permanent public playhouse (and the first to have a substantial life), The Theatre, in Shoreditch.[5]
- The following schools are founded in Kent:
- Dartford Grammar School, by William d'Aeth, Edward Gwyn and William Vaughn.
- Sutton Valence School, by William Lambe.
- William Lambarde's Perambulation of Kent (completed 1570) is published, first of the English county histories.
- Composer Thomas Whythorne writes a Booke of songs and sonetts with longe discourses sett with them, an early example of autobiographical writing in English.
- 1577
- June - Edmund Grindal suspended for refusing to suppress Puritanism.[5]
- 6 July - 'Black Assize' in Oxford results in an outbreak of epidemic typhus killing around three hundred in the city.[10]
- 29 November - Seminary priest Cuthbert Mayne executed for treason.[5]
- 13 December - Francis Drake leaves Plymouth aboard the Pelican with four other ships and 164 men on an expedition against the Spanish along the Pacific coast of the Americas which will become a circumnavigation.[5]
- 1578
- 19 November - Walter Ralegh leads an expedition to establish a colony in North America; forced to turn back six months later.[5]
- December - Publication of John Lyly's didactic prose romance Euphues: the Anatomy of Wyt, originating the ornate prose style known as Euphuism.
- 1579
- 17 June - Drake claims New Albion on the Pacific coast of North America for England.[8]
- The English College for the training of Roman Catholic priests is established in Rome.[8]
- Eastland Company chartered to trade with Scandinavia and the Baltic Sea states.
- Publication of Edmund Spenser's poetry The Shepheardes Calender.[8]
Births
- 1570
- 22 January - Robert Bruce Cotton, politician (died 1631)
- 13 April - Guy Fawkes, conspirator (died 1606)
- 28 November - James Whitelocke, judge (died 1632)
- John Cooper, composer and lutenist (died 1626)
- John Farmer, composer (died 1601)
- Simon Grahame, Scottish-born adventurer (died 1614)
- John Smyth, Baptist minister (died 1612)
- 1571
- ? March - Barnabe Barnes, poet (died 1609)
- Henry Ainsworth, Nonconformist clergyman and scholar (died 1622)
- William Bedell, Anglican churchman (died 1642)
- Bartholomew Gosnold, lawyer and explorer (died 1607)
- Thomas Storer, poet (died 1604)
- Thomas Wintour, Gunpowder Plot conspirator (died 1606)
- 1572
- 22 January - John Donne, writer and prelate (died 1631)
- 11 June - Ben Jonson, dramatist (died 1637)
- John Floyd, Jesuit (died 1649)
- James Mabbe, scholar and poet (died 1642)
- 1573
- 15 July - Inigo Jones, architect (died 1652)
- 7 October - William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 1645)
- Robert Catesby, leader of the Gunpowder Plot (died 1605)
- Richard Johnson, romance writer (died 1659)
- John Kendrick, merchant (died 1624)
- 1574
- 7 March (bapt.) - John Wilbye, composer (died 1638)
- June - Richard Barnfield, poet (died 1627)
- 1 July - Joseph Hall, bishop and satirist (died 1656)
- 7 August - Robert Dudley, styled Earl of Warwick, explorer and geographer (died 1649)
- September - Thomas Gataker, clergyman and theologian (died 1654)
- 1575
- 5 March - William Oughtred, mathematician (died 1660)
- 14 August - Robert Hayman, poet (died 1629)
- Edmund Bolton, historian and poet (died 1633)
- Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex, successful London merchant (died 1645)
- William Parker, 4th Baron Monteagle (died 1622)
- Arbella Stuart, Duchess of Somerset (died 1615)
- Cyril Tourneur, dramatist (died 1626)
- 1576
- October - Thomas Weelkes, composer and organist (died 1626)
- 7 October - John Marston, writer (died 1634)
- 12 October - Thomas Dudley, Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony (died 1652)
- William Ames, Protestant philosopher (died 1633)
- Possible date - John Carver, first governor of Plymouth Colony (died 1621)
- 1577
- 8 February - Robert Burton, scholar (died 1640)
- 9 July - Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, governor of Virginia (died 1618)
- 11 August (bapt.) - Barnaby Potter, Bishop of Carlisle (died 1642)
- 20 November (bapt.) - Samuel Purchas, travel writer (died 1626)
- Robert Cushman, Plymouth Colony settler (died 1625)
- William Noy, lawyer and politician (died 1634)
- 1578
- 2 March - George Sandys, traveller (died 1644)
- 1 April - William Harvey, physician (died 1657)
- 16 May - Everard Digby, conspirator (died 1606)
- Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry, lawyer (died 1640)
- Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland (died 1632)
- Ambrose Rookwood, Gunpowder Plot conspirator (died 1606)
- 1579
- 13 July - Arthur Dee, physician and alchemist (died 1651)
- 20 December (bapt.) - John Fletcher, playwright (died 1625)
- Jacob Astley, 1st Baron Astley of Reading, royalist commander in the English Civil War (died 1652)
Deaths
- 1571
- 12 February - Nicholas Throckmorton, diplomat and politician (born 1515)
- 1 June - John Story, Catholic (martyred) (born 1504)
- 23 September - John Jewel, bishop (born 1522)
- 1572
- January - Robert Pattison, actor (born c. 1535)
- 10 March - William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester (born c. 1483)
- 2 June - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk (born 1536)
- 24 October - Edward Stanley, 3rd Earl of Derby, politician (born 1508)
- Christopher Tye, composer and organist (born 1505)
- 1573
- 12 January - William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham, Lord High Admiral (born 1510)
- 14 May (bur.) - Richard Grafton, merchant and printer (born c. 1506/7 or 1511)
- 29 July - John Caius, physician (born 1510)
- Late - Reginald Wolfe, printer (year of birth unknown)
- 1575
- 17 May - Matthew Parker, Archbishop of Canterbury (born 1504)
- 14 July - Richard Taverner, Bible translator (born 1505)
- 1576
- 22 September - Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex (born 1541)
- 1577
- 12 August - Thomas Smith, scholar and diplomat (born 1513)
- 7 October - George Gascoigne, poet (born c. 1525)
- 29 November - Cuthbert Mayne, saint (born 1543)
- 1578
- 29 March - Arthur Champernowne, admiral (born 1524)
- 20 June - Thomas Doughty, explorer (executed) (year of birth unknown)
- 27 July - Jane Lumley, translator (born 1537)
- 4 August - Thomas Stucley, adventurer (born 1525)
- December - Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor (born 1501)
- 1579
- 20 February - Nicholas Bacon, politician (born 1509)
- 10 June - William Whittingham, Biblical scholar and religious reformer (born 1524)
- 21 November - Thomas Gresham, merchant and financier (born 1519)
References
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- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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