2014 in paleontology

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Paleontology, palaeontology or palæontology (from Greek: paleo, "ancient"; ontos, "being"; and logos, "knowledge") is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because mankind has encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2014.

Plants

Newly described angiosperms

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Ambiplatanus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mindell, Karafit & Stockey	Late Cretaceous (Coniacian)		Canada	A member of Platanaceae. The type species is Ambiplatanus washingtonensis.
Annona eocenica	Sp. nov	Valid	Prasad, Singh & Singh	Early Eocene	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A member of Annonaceae, a species of Annona.
Annona vastanensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Prasad, Singh & Singh	Early Eocene	Cambay Shale Formation	India	A member of Annonaceae, a species of Annona.
Antarctoxylon mixai	Sp. nov	Valid	Sakala in Sakala & Vodrážka	Late Cretaceous (Coniacian)	Hidden Lake Formation	Antarctica (James Ross Island)	An angiosperm of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Antarctoxylon.
Aquaephyllum	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gallego et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	La Colonia Formation	Argentina	A member of Araceae. The type species is Aquaephyllum auriculatum.
Bombacoxylon pondaungense	Sp. nov	Valid	Licht, Boura & De Franceschi in Licht et al.	Eocene	Pondaung Formation	Myanmar	A member of Malvaceae, a species of Bombacoxylon.
Bridelia makumensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Srivastava & Mehrotra	Oligocene (Chattian)	Tikak Parbat Formation	India	A member of Phyllanthaceae, a species of Bridelia.
Caesalpinia veraechinataformis	Sp. nov	Valid	Bernardes-de-Oliveira et al.	Eocene-Oligocene	Entre-Córregos Formation	Brazil	A species of Caesalpinia.
Cascadiacarpa exilis	Sp. nov	Valid	Mindell, Stockey & Beard	Eocene		Canada	A member of Fagaceae, a species of Cascadiacarpa.
Castanopsis presclerophylla	Sp. nov	Valid	Wu et al.	Late Pliocene		China	A member of Fagaceae, a species of Castanopsis.
Chachlovia	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Alekseev & Herman in Alekseev, Herman & Shchepetov	Late Cretaceous		Russia	An angiosperm of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Chachlovia kiyensis Alekseev sp. nov.; genus also contains Chachlovia dombeyopsoida Herman comb. nov.
Cinnamomum palaeobejolghota	Sp. nov	Valid	Khan & Bera	Middle to late Miocene	Dafla Formation	India	A member of Lauraceae, a species of Cinnamomum.
Cocos binoriensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Srivastava & Srivastava	Late Cretaceous or Paleocene (Maastrichtian-Danian)	Deccan Intertrappean Beds	India	A member of Arecaceae, a relative of the coconut tree.
Cratosmilax	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	De Lima et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian)	Crato Formation	Brazil	A member of Smilacaceae. The type species is Cratosmilax jacksoni.
Dicotylophyllum hansonium	Sp. nov	Valid	Peppe & Hickey	Paleocene	Fort Union Formation	United States	An angiosperm of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Dicotylophyllum.
Dicotylophyllum horsecreekium	Sp. nov	Valid	Peppe & Hickey	Paleocene	Fort Union Formation	United States	An angiosperm of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Dicotylophyllum.
Ficoxylon mogaungense	Sp. nov	Valid	Licht, Boura & De Franceschi in Licht et al.	Eocene	Pondaung Formation	Myanmar	A member of Moraceae, a species of Ficoxylon.
Hexagyne philippiana	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Coiffard, Mohr & Bernardes-de-Oliveira	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Crato Formation	Brazil	A member of Piperales, probably related to Aristolochiaceae. The type species is Hexagyne philippiana.
Kajanthus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mendes et al.	Early Cretaceous (late Aptian–early Albian)	Figueira da Foz Formation	Portugal	A member of Lardizabalaceae. The type species is Kajanthus lusitanicus.
Kleinhovia bikanerensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Shukla, Mehrotra & Guleria	Early Eocene	Marh Formation	India	A species of Kleinhovia.
Liliacidites contortus	Sp. nov	Valid	Mildenhall & Bannister in Conran et al.	Latest Oligocene to earliest Miocene		New Zealand	A morphospecies described on the basis of pollen recovered from a Luzuriaga-like flower.
Lindera neobifaria	Sp. nov	Valid	Khan & Bera	Pliocene	Subansiri Formation	India	A member of Lauraceae, a species of Lindera.
Luzuriaga peterbannisteri	Sp. nov	Valid	Conran, Bannister, Mildenhall & Lee in Conran et al.	Latest Oligocene to earliest Miocene		New Zealand	A species of Luzuriaga.
Macginitiea nascens	Sp. nov	Valid	Peppe & Hickey	Paleocene	Fort Union Formation	United States	A member of Platanaceae, a species of Macginitiea.
Machaerium aiuruoquense	Sp. nov	Valid	Bernardes-de-Oliveira et al.	Eocene-Oligocene	Entre-Córregos Formation	Brazil	A species of Machaerium.
Machaerium paleogenum	Sp. nov	Valid	Bernardes-de-Oliveira et al.	Eocene-Oligocene	Entre-Córregos Formation	Brazil	A species of Machaerium.
Meliosma thriviensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Peppe & Hickey	Paleocene	Fort Union Formation	United States	A member of Sabiaceae, a species of Meliosma.
Meliosma vandaelium	Sp. nov	Valid	Peppe & Hickey	Paleocene	Fort Union Formation	United States	A member of Sabiaceae, a species of Meliosma.
Microlaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Takahashi et al.	Late Cretaceous (early Coniacian)	Ashizawa Formation	Japan	A member of Lauraceae. The type species is Microlaurus perigynus.
Paliurus microcarpa	Sp. nov	Valid	Li in Li et al.	Middle or late Miocene	Shengxian Formation	China	A member of Rhamnaceae, a species of Paliurus.
Palmoxylon romeroi	Sp. nov	Valid	Franco, Brea & Herbst	Late Miocene	Chiquimil Formation	Argentina	A palm tree, a species of Palmoxylon.
Persea mioparviflora	Sp. nov	Valid	Khan & Bera	Pliocene	Subansiri Formation	India	A member of Lauraceae. Described by Khan & Bera (2014) as a species of Persea, considered by the authors to be most similar to the species Persea parviflora Spreng.
Persea preglaucescens	Sp. nov	Valid	Khan & Bera	Pliocene	Subansiri Formation	India	A member of Lauraceae. Described by Khan & Bera (2014) as a species of Persea, though the authors consider it most similar to the species Persea glaucescens (Nees) D.G. Long, assigned by other authors to the genus Machilus.
Platimeliphyllum reznikoviorum	Sp. nov	Valid	Maslova in Maslova et al.	Paleogene	Ashut Formation	Kazakhstan	An angiosperm of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Platimeliphyllum.
Quercus tenuipilosa	Sp. nov	Valid	Hu & Zhou in Hu et al.	Late Pliocene	Ciying Formation	China	An oak.
Quercus yangyiensis	Sp. nov	Valid	He, Li & Sun in He et al.	Late Pliocene	Yangyi Formation	China	An oak.
Ripogonum americanum	Sp. nov	Valid	Carpenter et al.	Early Eocene		Argentina	A member of Liliales, a species of Ripogonum.
Sabalites dindoriensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Srivastava, Srivastava & Dilcher	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) to early Paleocene (Danian)	Deccan Intertrappean Beds	India	A palm tree belonging to the subfamily Coryphoideae, a species of Sabalites.
Sapindoxylon burmense	Sp. nov	Valid	Licht, Boura & De Franceschi in Licht et al.	Eocene	Pondaung Formation	Myanmar	A member of Sapindaceae, a species of Sapindoxylon.
Schimoxylon benderi	Sp. nov	Valid	Licht, Boura & De Franceschi in Licht et al.	Eocene	Pondaung Formation	Myanmar	A member of Theaceae, a species of Schimoxylon.
Shoreoxylon panganense	Sp. nov	Valid	Licht, Boura & De Franceschi in Licht et al.	Eocene	Pondaung Formation	Myanmar	A member of Dipterocarpaceae, a species of Shoreoxylon.
Soninia	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Herman & Shczepetov in Alekseev, Herman & Shchepetov	Late Cretaceous		Russia	An angiosperm of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is S. integerrima Herman & Shczepetov; genus also contains S. asiatica Alekseev.
Ternstromites paucimissouriensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Peppe & Hickey	Paleocene	Fort Union Formation	United States	A member of Theaceae, a species of Ternstromites.
Ticodendron palaios	Sp. nov	Valid	Chambers & Poinar	Eocene or Miocene		Dominican Republic	A species of Ticodendron known from Dominican amber.

Other seed plants

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Agathis zamunerae	Sp. nov	Valid	Wilf et al.	Eocene		Argentina	A member of Araucariaceae, a species of Agathis.
Araucarites ochotensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Golovneva & Shczepetov in Shczepetov & Golovneva	Late Cretaceous		Russia	A member of Araucariaceae, a species of Araucarites.
Athrotaxites yumenensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Dong et al.	Early Cretaceous	Zhonggou Formation	China	A member of Cupressaceae, a species of Athrotaxites.
Bicatia	Gen. et 3 sp. nov	Valid	Friis, Pedersen & Crane	Early Cretaceous (late Aptian to middle Albian)		Portugal United States	A Welwitschia-like seed plant. The type species is Bicatia costata; genus also contains Bicatia juncalensis and Bicatia rugosa.
Cordaites barthelii	Sp. nov	Valid	Šimůnek	Carboniferous (Stephanian)		Czech Republic	A species of Cordaites.
Cosmosperma	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Late Devonian (Famennian)	Wutong Formation	China	A member of Lagenospermopsida of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Cosmosperma polyloba.
Cycas fushunensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Su, Quan & Liu	Eocene (Lutetian)	Jijuntun Formation	China	A cycad, a species of Cycas.
Elatides zhoui	Sp. nov	Valid	Shi et al.	Early Cretaceous		Mongolia	A member of Cupressaceae, a species of Elatides.
Elatocladus andhrensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Chinnappa, Rajanikanth & Rao	Early Cretaceous	Gangapur Formation	India	A member of Coniferales, a species of Elatocladus.
Flabellosemen	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tsymbal	Permian		Russia	A member of Ginkgoales belonging to the family Psygmophyllaceae. The type species is Flabellosemen riparium.
Giblingodendron	Gen. et 2 sp.nov	Valid	Falcon-Lang, Kurzawe & Lucas	Carboniferous (Kasimovian) to Permian (Sakmarian)	Atrasado Formation Community Pit Formation	United States	A member of Coniferopsida of uncertain phylogenetic placement, might be a member of Voltziales, Cordaitales or Dicranophyllales. The type species is Giblingodendron nudifolia; genus also includes Giblingodendron aridus.
Ginkgoxylpropinquus saxonicum	Sp. nov	Valid	Süss & Müller	Early Oligocene		Germany	A member of Ginkgoales, a species of Ginkgoxylpropinquus.
Hubbardiastrobus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Atkinson, Rothwell & Stockey	Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)		Canada	A member of Cupressaceae. The type species is Hubbardiastrobus cunninghamioides.
Hughmillerites vancouverensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Atkinson, Rothwell & Stockey	Early Cretaceous		Canada	A member of Cupressaceae, a species of Hughmillerites.
Macdonaldodendron	Gen. et sp.nov	Valid	Falcon-Lang, Kurzawe & Lucas	Carboniferous (Kasimovian) to Permian (Sakmarian)	Atrasado Formation Community Pit Formation	United States	A member of Voltziales. The type species is Macdonaldodendron giganticus.
Manifera	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Looy & Stevenson	Permian (Kungurian to Roadian)	Flowerpot Shale Member of the San Angelo Formation	United States	A member of Voltziales belonging to the family Majonicaceae. The type species is Manifera talaris.
Nilssoniopteris binggouensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Na et al.	Early Cretaceous	Binggou Formation	China	A member of Bennettitales, a species of Nilssoniopteris.
Nilssoniopteris corrugata	Sp. nov	Valid	Ray, Rothwell & Stockey	Early Cretaceous (Valanginian)		Canada	A member of Bennettitales, a species of Nilssoniopteris.
Pararaucaria collinsonae	Sp. nov	Valid	Steart, Spencer, Kenrick, Needham & Hilton in Steart et al.	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Lulworth Formation	United Kingdom	A member of Cheirolepidiaceae, a species of Pararaucaria.
Phoenicopsis (Culgoweria) ordosensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Middle Jurassic	Yan'an Formation	China	A member of Czekanowskiales, a species of Phoenicopsis.
Phoenicopsis (Phoenicopsis) neimengensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Wang, Yang & Sun	Early Cretaceous	Huolinhe Formation	China	A member of Czekanowskiales, a species of Phoenicopsis.
Phyllocladoxylon pooleae	Sp.nov	Valid	Pujana, Santillana & Marenssi	Eocene	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica	A member of Podocarpaceae, a species of Phyllocladoxylon.
Platycladus yunnanensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Wu in Wu et al.	Late Miocene	Nanlin Formation	China	A member of Cupressaceae, a species of Platycladus.
Podocarpoxylon radiciforme	Sp. nov	Valid	Süss & Müller	Early Oligocene		Germany	A conifer, a species of Podocarpoxylon.
Protophyllocladoxylon francisiae	Sp.nov	Valid	Pujana, Santillana & Marenssi	Eocene	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica	A member of Podocarpaceae, a species of Protophyllocladoxylon.
Rudixylon	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bomfleur et al.	Middle or early Late Triassic	Fremouw Formation	Antarctica	A member of Petriellales (an order of seed plants of uncertain phylogenetic placement). The type species is Rudixylon serbetianum.
Rugaspermum stipitatus	Sp. nov	Valid	Bhowmik, Parveen & Das	Middle Triassic		India	A possible member of Gnetales, a species of Rugaspermum.
Septomedullopitys szei	Sp. nov	Valid	Wan, Yang & Wang	Late Permian (early Wuchiapingian)	Wutonggou Formation	China	A member of Coniferopsida, a species of Septomedullopitys.
Xinjiangoxylon	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Shi et al.	Late Permian (Changhsingian)	Guodikeng Formation	China	A gymnosperm. The type species is Xinjiangoxylon turpanense.

Pteridophyta

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Arcellites punctatus	Sp. nov	Valid	Friis, Pedersen & Marone	Early Cretaceous (late Barremian–early Aptian)	Almargem Formation	Portugal	A member of Salviniales of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Arcellites.
Ashicaulis plumites	Sp. nov	Valid	Tian & Wang in Tian et al.	Middle Jurassic	Tiaojishan Formation	China	A member of Osmundaceae, a species of Ashicaulis.
Ashicaulis wangii	Sp. nov	Valid	Tian et al.	Middle Jurassic	Tiaojishan Formation	China	A member of Osmundaceae, a species of Ashicaulis.
Chiropteris monteagnellii	Sp. nov	Valid	Kustatscher, Dellantonio & Van Konijnenburg-Van Cittert	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)		Italy	A pteridophyte of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Chiropteris.
Cladophlebis ladinica	Sp. nov	Valid	Kustatscher, Dellantonio & Van Konijnenburg-Van Cittert	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)		Italy	A pteridophyte of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Cladophlebis.
Elaphoglossum miocenicum	Sp. nov	Valid	Lóriga et al.	Miocene		Dominican Republic	A member of Dryopteridaceae found in Dominican amber, a species of Elaphoglossum.
Flabellariopteris	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sun in Sun et al.	Late Triassic	Yangcaogou Formation	China	A member of Marsileaceae. The type species is Flabellariopteris mii.
Marattiopsis vodrazkae	Sp. nov.	Valid	Kvaček	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Hidden Lake Formation	Antarctica (James Ross Island)	A member of Marattiaceae, a species of Marattiopsis.
Marsilea patnii	Sp. nov	Valid	Patil, Kapgate & Zilpe	Late Cretaceous	Deccan Intertrappean Beds	India	A species of Marsilea.
Phlebopteris fiemmensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Kustatscher, Dellantonio & Van Konijnenburg-Van Cittert	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)		Italy	A member of Matoniaceae, a species of Phlebopteris.
Phlebopteris hickeyi	Sp. nov	Valid	Hu & Taylor	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Jarash Formation	Jordan	A member of Matoniaceae, a species of Phlebopteris.
Pseudobornia schweitzeri	Sp. nov	Valid	Jurina & Orlova in Orlova & Jurina	Late Devonian		Russia	A species of Pseudobornia.
Salvinia hainanensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Jin & Wang in Wang, Xu & Jin	Eocene		China	A species of Salvinia.
Tiania	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Late Permian	Xuanwei Formation	China	A member of Guaireaceae (extinct family belonging to the order Osmundales); a new genus for "Palaeosmunda" yunnanense Tian & Chang (1995).
Zhongmingella	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Late Permian	Wangjiazhai Formation	China	A member of Guaireaceae (extinct family belonging to the order Osmundales); a new genus for "Palaeosmunda" plenasioides Li (1983).

Other plants

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Baikalophyton	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Naugolnykh & Minina	Devonian		Russia	A terrestrial plant similar to Sciadophyton. The type species is Baikalophyton ruzhentsevii.
Ceratolejeunea antiqua	Sp. nov	Valid	Heinrichs & Schäfer-Verwimp in Heinrichs et al.	Early to middle Miocene		Mexico	A liverwort belonging to the family Lejeuneaceae, a species of Ceratolejeunea.
Changxingia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Late Devonian	Wutong Formation	China	A lycopsid. The type species is Changxingia longifolia.
Gackstroemia cretacea	Sp. nov	Valid	Heinrichs et al.	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)		Myanmar	A liverwort belonging to the group Jungermanniopsida and the family Lepidolaenaceae, a species of Gackstroemia.
Lepidodendron bellii	Sp. nov	Valid	Álvarez-Vázquez & Wagner	Carboniferous (middle Pennsylvanian, i.e. early Westphalian)		Canada	A species of Lepidodendron.
Lycopodites baikalensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Frolov in Frolov & Mashchuk	Middle Jurassic	Prisayan Formation	Russia	A member of Lycopodiales, a species of Lycopodites.
Lycopodites subulifolius	Sp. nov	Valid	Frolov & Mashchuk	Middle Jurassic	Prisayan Formation	Russia	A member of Lycopodiales, a species of Lycopodites.
Marchantites huolinhensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Early Cretaceous	Huolinhe Formation	China	A liverwort belonging to the group Marchantiales, a species of Marchantites.
Pantiathallites	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Banerjee & Dutta	Early Permian		India	A metzgeriinean bryophyte. The type species is Pantiathallites gondwanensis.
Planatophyton	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gerrienne et al.	Early or Middle Devonian	Hujiersite Formation	China	An euphyllophyte. The type species is Planatophyton hujiersitense.
Rhizomnium dentatum	Sp nov	valid	Heinrichs et al, 2014	Middle Eocene	Baltic amber	Europe	A Mniaceae moss
Ufadendron	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Naugolnykh	Permian (Kungurian)	Koshelevsk Formation	Russia	A lycopsid. The type species is Ufadendron ufaensis.

Cnidarians

Newly described cnidarians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Acropora macrocalyx	Sp. nov	Valid	Wallace & Bosellini	Early Miocene (Burdigalian)		Italy	A stony coral, a species of Acropora.
Acropora piedmontensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Wallace & Bosellini	Early Miocene (Burdigalian)		Italy	A stony coral, a species of Acropora.
Acropora salentina	Sp. nov	Valid	Wallace & Bosellini	Oligocene (Chattian)		Italy	A stony coral, a species of Acropora.
Acropora slovenica	Sp. nov	Valid	Wallace & Bosellini	Oligocene (Rupelian)	Gornji Grad beds	Slovenia	A stony coral, a species of Acropora.
Arctistrotion	Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Fedorowski & Stevens	Carboniferous (Bashkirian)		United States	A colonial coral belonging to the subclass Rugosa and the family Lithostrotionidae. The type species is Arctistrotion variabilis; genus also contains "Lithostrotionella" wahooensis Armstrong (1972) and Arctistrotion simplex.
Cambroctoconus kyrgyzstanicus	Sp. nov	Valid	Peel in Geyer et al.	Cambrian (Amgan)		Kyrgyzstan	A stem-cnidarian, a species of Cambroctoconus.
Haootia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Liu et al.	Late Ediacaran	Fermeuse Formation	Canada	A probable cnidarian, possibly related to Medusozoa. The type species is Haootia quadriformis.
Paraheritschioides compositus	Sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski & Stevens	Carboniferous (Bashkirian)	Wahoo Limestone	United States	A colonial coral belonging to the subclass Rugosa and the family Kleopatrinidae, a species of Paraheritschioides.
Paraheritschioides katvalae	Sp. nov	Valid	Fedorowski & Stevens	Carboniferous (Moscovian)	Saginaw Bay Formation	United States	A colonial coral belonging to the subclass Rugosa and the family Kleopatrinidae, a species of Paraheritschioides.
Sinobryon	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Baliński, Sun & Dzik	Ordovician (early Floian)	Fenxiang Formation	China	A hydrozoan, a member of Hydroidolina. The type species is Sinobryon elongatum.
Thurispina	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Weyer	Devonian (late Famennian)		Germany	A member of Rugosa. The type species is Thurispina jogi.

Arthropods

Main article: 2014 in arthropod paleontology

Molluscs

Main article: 2014 in molluscan paleontology

Echinoderms

Main article: 2014 in echinoderm paleontology

Conodonts

Newly described conodonts

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Belodina longxianensis minor	Subsp. nov	Valid	Cai, Yuan & Wu	Late Ordovician	Lianglitag Formation	China	A subspecies of Belodina longxianensis.
Furnishina holmi	Sp. nov	Valid	Bagnoli & Stouge	Cambrian (late Furongian)	Alum Shale Formation	Sweden	A species of Furnishina.
Gobduntaulepis	Nom. nov	Valid	Doweld	Early Ordovician		Uzbekistan	A replacement name for Acantholepis Pianovskij in Pianovskij, Pianovskaja & Aleksandrova, 1989 (preoccupied).
Hindeodus microdentatus	Sp. nov	Valid	Wu et al.	Permian–Triassic boundary		China	A species of Hindeodus.
Icriodella rhodesi	Sp. nov	Valid	Bergström & Ferretti	Late Ordovician	Keisley Limestone	United Kingdom	A species of Icriodella.
Neogondolella prediscreta	Sp. nov	Valid	Wu et al.	Earliest Triassic		China	A species of Neogondolella.
Parafurnishius	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Early Triassic (Induan)	Feixianguan Formation	China	A member of Ellisoniidae. The type species is Parafurnishius xuanhanensis.
Polygnathus alkhovikovae	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus aragonensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Martínez-Pérez & Valenzuela-Ríos	Early Devonian	Basibé Formation	Spain	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus arthuri	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus bardashevi	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus carlsi	Sp. nov	Valid	Martínez-Pérez & Valenzuela-Ríos	Early Devonian	Basibé Formation	Spain	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus communis longanensis	Subsp. nov	Valid	Qie et al.	Carboniferous (latest Tournaisian)	Long’an Formation	China	A polygnathid, a subspecies of Polygnathus communis.
Polygnathus dujieensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Qie et al.	Carboniferous (latest Tournaisian)	Long’an Formation	China	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus ivanowskyii	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus karsteni	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus lezhoevi	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus michaelmurphyi	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus ramoni	Sp. nov	Valid	Martínez-Pérez & Valenzuela-Ríos	Early Devonian	Basibé Formation	Spain	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus settedabanicus	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Polygnathus yakutensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Baranov, Slavík & Blodgett	Devonian (early Emsian)		Russia	A polygnathid, a species of Polygnathus.
Siphonodella nandongensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Early Carboniferous	Baping Formation	China	A species of Siphonodella.
Westergaardodina asinina	Sp. nov	Valid	Bagnoli & Stouge	Cambrian (late Furongian)	Alum Shale Formation	Sweden	A species of Westergaardodina.

Fishes

Main article: 2014 in fish paleontology

Amphibians

Basalmost tetrapods

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Weberepeton	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Clément & Lebedev	Late Devonian (late Frasnian)	Probably Smota-Lovat’ Formation	Russia	A member of Elginerpetontidae. The type species is Weberepeton sondalensis.

Temnospondyls

Research

• Specimens of Micromelerpeton crederni with abnormalities in their limbs interpreted as a result of limb regeneration are described by Fröbisch, Bickelmann and Witzmann (2014).

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Antarctosuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sidor, Steyer & Hammer	Middle Triassic	Fremouw Formation	Antarctica	A capitosauroid. The type species is Antarctosuchus polyodon.
Leptorophus raischi	Sp. nov	Valid	Schoch	Early Permian	Saar–Nahe Basin	Germany	A branchiosaurid, a species of Leptorophus.
Megalophthalma	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Schoch, Milner & Witzmann	Middle Triassic (late Ladinian)	Erfurt Formation	Germany	A plagiosaurid. The type species is Megalophthalma ockerti.
Nanobamus	Gen. nov	Valid	Schoch & Milner				An amphibamid.

Chroniosuchians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Dromotectum abditum	Sp. nov	Valid	Shishkin, Novikov & Fortuny	Early Triassic		Russia	A bystrowianid chroniosuchian, a species of Dromotectum.
Dromotectum largum	Sp. nov	Valid	Liu et al.	Late Permian	Shangshihezi Formation	China	A bystrowianid chroniosuchian, a species of Dromotectum.
Jiyuanitectum	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Liu et al.	Late Permian	Shangshihezi Formation	China	A bystrowianid chroniosuchian. The type species is Jiyuanitectum flatum.
Vyushkoviana	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Shishkin, Novikov & Fortuny	Early Triassic		Russia	A bystrowianid chroniosuchian. The type species is Vyushkoviana operta.

Lissamphibians

Research

• The humerus bone of a large calyptocephalellid anuran, apparently one of the largest fossil anurans known to date, is described by Otero et al. (2014) from the Eocene of Chile.

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Eopelobates deani	Sp. nov	Valid	Roček et al.	Early middle Eocene	Green River Formation	United States	A relative of the European spadefoot toads, a species of Eopelobates.

Ichthyopterygians

Research

• Anatomy, taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of Cretaceous ophthalmosaurids Simbirskiasaurus birjukovi and Pervushovisaurus bannovkensis are reevaluated by Fischer et al. (2014).

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Janusaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Roberts et al.	Late Jurassic	Agardhfjellet Formation	Norway Russia	An ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur. The type species is Janusaurus lundi.
Leninia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fischer et al.	Early Cretaceous (early Aptian)		Russia	An ophthalmosaurine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur. The type species is Leninia stellans.
Sisteronia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fischer et al.	Cretaceous (early Albian to early Cenomanian)	Cambridge Greensand Gault Formation Marnes Bleues Formation	France United Kingdom	A platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur. The type species is Sisteronia seeleyi.
Undorosaurus trautscholdi	Sp. nov	Valid	Arkhangelsky & Zverkov	Late Jurassic		Russia	An ophthalmosaurine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur, a species of Undorosaurus.

Sauropterygians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aristonectes quiriquinensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Otero et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Quiriquina Formation	Chile	A plesiosaur, a species of Aristonectes.
Cymatosaurus erikae	Sp. nov	Valid	Maisch	Middle Triassic (earliest Anisian)	Röt Formation	Germany	A species of Cymatosaurus.
Majiashanosaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Jiang et al.	Early Triassic (Olenekian)	Nanlinghu Formation	China	A basal member of Eosauropterygia. The type species is Majiashanosaurus discocoracoidis.
Nothosaurus zhangi	Sp. nov	Valid	Liu et al.	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Guanling Formation	China	A nothosaur, a species of Nothosaurus.
Odoiporosaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Renesto, Binelli & Hagdorn	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Besano Formation	Italy	A pachypleurosaur. The type species is Odoiporosaurus teruzzii.
Pararcus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Klein & Scheyer	Middle Triassic (early Anisian)	Vossenveld Formation	Netherlands	A placodont. The type species is Pararcus diepenbroeki.
Pliosaurus patagonicus	Sp. nov	Valid	Gasparini & O'Gorman	Late Jurassic (middle Tithonian)	Vaca Muerta Formation	Argentina	A species of Pliosaurus.

Lepidosaurs

Newly named rhynchocephalians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Kawasphenodon peligrensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Apesteguia, Gómez & Rougier	Palaeocene	Salamanca Formation	Argentina	An opisthodontian sphenodontid, a species of Kawasphenodon.
Priosphenodon minimus	Sp. nov	Valid	Apesteguia & Carballido	Early Cretaceous		Argentina	An eilenodontine sphenodontid, a species of Priosphenodon.

Newly named lizards

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Blanus mendezi	Sp. nov	Valid	Bolet et al.	Miocene (11.6 Mya)	Vallès-Penedès Basin	Spain	An amphisbaenian, a species of Blanus.
Blanus thomaskelleri	Sp. nov	Valid	Čerňanský, Rage & Klembara	Early Miocene		Germany	An amphisbaenian, a species of Blanus.
Calanguban	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Simões, Caldwell & Kellner	Early Cretaceous	Crato Formation	Brazil	A scleroglossan lizard with scincomorph affinities. The type species is Calanguban alamoi.
Dakotaseps	Nom. nov	Valid	Nydam	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Dakota Formation	United States	A member of Scincomorpha of uncertain phylogenetic placement, assigned by Nydam (2013) to an informal paramacellodid-cordylid grade; a replacement name for Dakotasaurus Nydam (2013) (preoccupied).
Funiusaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xu et al.	Late Cretaceous	Qiupa Formation	China	A member of Polyglyphanodontidae. The type species is Funiusaurus luanchuanensis.
Maioricalacerta	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bailon et al.	Early Pliocene (Zanclean)		Spain	A member of Lacertidae. The type species is Maioricalacerta rafelinensis.
Pyrenasaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bolet & Augé	Late Eocene		France Spain	A member of Scincoidea, possibly a skink. The type species is Pyrenasaurus evansae.

Newly named snakes

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Adinophis	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pritchard et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Maevarano Formation	Madagascar	A member of Madtsoiidae. The type species is Adinophis fisaka.
Indophis fanambinana	Sp. nov	Valid	Pritchard et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Maevarano Formation	Madagascar	A member of Nigerophiidae, a species of Indophis.
Rukwanyoka	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	McCartney et al.	Oligocene	Nsungwe Formation	Tanzania	The most ancient booid snake and boa from Africa. The type species is Rukwanyoka holmani.
Seismophis	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hsiou et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)	Alcântara Formation	Brazil	A snake of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a relative of Najash rionegrina. The type species is Seismophis septentrionalis.

Turtles

Newly named turtles

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Alienochelys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	de Lapparent de Broin et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Oulad Abdoun Basin	Morocco	A sea turtle, a member of Dermochelyoidae. The type species is Alienochelys selloumi.
Allaeochelys libyca	Sp. nov	Valid	Havlik, Joyce & Böhme	Miocene (Langhian)		Libya	A relative of the pig-nosed turtle, a species of the (possibly paraphyletic) genus Allaeochelys.
Ashleychelys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Weems & Sanders	Oligocene		United States	A pancheloniid sea turtle. The type species is Ashleychelys palmeri.
Atolchelys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Romano et al.	Early Cretaceous (Barremian)	Morro do Chaves Formation	Brazil	A bothremydid pleurodiran. The type species is Atolchelys lepida.
Brodiechelys royoi	Sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García, Gasulla & Ortega	Early Aptian	Arcillas de Morella Formation	Spain	A xinjiangchelyid, a species of Brodiechelys.
Cheirogaster bacharidisi	Sp. nov	Valid	Vlachos, Tsoukala & Corsini	Pliocene	Gonia Formation	Greece	A tortoise, originally described as a species belonging to the genus Cheirogaster. Subsequently transferred by Pérez-García & Vlachos (2014) to the genus Titanochelon.
Eodortoka	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García, Gasulla & Ortega	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Arcillas de Morella Formation	Spain	A dortokid, a member of the clade Pan-Pleurodira (containing living pleurodirans and all turtles that are more closely related to them than to cryptodirans). The type species is Eodortoka morellana.
Gobiapalone	Gen. et sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Maastrichtian)	Barun Goyot Formation Bayan Shireh Formation Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid. Genus contains new species Gobiapalone breviplastra, as well as "Amyda" orlovi Khosatzky (1976).
Hylaeochelys kappa	Sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García & Ortega	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Freixial Formation	Portugal	A basal member of Eucryptodira, a species of Hylaeochelys.
Judithemys kranzi	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems	Paleocene (early Thanetian)	Aquia Formation	United States	A member of (likely paraphyletic) group "Macrobaenidae", a species of Judithemys.
Nemegtemys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A cyclanorbine trionychid. The type species is Nemegtemys conflata.
Osonachelus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	de Lapparent de Broin et al.	Eocene (late Bartonian)	Vic-Manlleu Marls Formation	Spain	A cheloniid sea turtle. The type species is Osonachelus decorata.
Procolpochelys charlestonensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Weems & Sanders	Oligocene		United States	A pancheloniid sea turtle; a species of Procolpochelys.
Riodevemys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pérez-García, Royo-Torres & Cobos	Late Jurassic		Spain	A pleurosternid paracryptodiran. The type species is Riodevemys inumbragigas.
Tacuarembemys	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Perea et al.	Late Jurassic or earliest Cretaceous	Tacuarembó Formation	Uruguay	A turtle of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Tacuarembemys kusterae.
Titanochelon	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Pérez-García & Vlachos	Early Miocene to early Pleistocene		Austria Bulgaria France Germany Greece Portugal Spain Switzerland Turkey Malta?	A tortoise; a new genus for "Testudo" bolivari Hernández-Pacheco (1917). Genus also contains "Testudo" eurysternum Gervais (1848–1852), "Testudo" ginsburgi de Broin (1977), "Testudo" vitodurana Biedermann (1862), "Cheirogaster" steinbacheri Karl (1996), "Testudo" leberonensis Depéret (1890), "Testudo" schafferi Szalai (1931), "Testudo" perpiniana Depéret (1885) and "Cheirogaster" bacharidisi Vlachos et al. (2014). Genus might also contain "Testudo" gymnesicus Bate (1914).
‘Trionyx’ baynshirensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Santonian)	Bayan Shireh Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ dissolutus	Sp. nov	Valid	Vitek & Danilov	Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian)		Uzbekistan	A trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ gilbentuensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ gobiensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Nemegt Formation	Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.
‘Trionyx’ shiluutulensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Danilov et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)		Mongolia	A trionychine trionychid, a species of Trionyx sensu lato.

Archosauromorphs

Basal archosauromorphs

Research

• A redescription of Tasmaniosaurus triassicus is published by Ezcurra (2014).
• A revision of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of the archosauriform Dorosuchus neoetus is published by Sookias et al. (2014).
• A revision of putative euparkeriids from the Triassic of China is published by Sookias et al. (2014).

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aenigmastropheus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ezcurra, Scheyer & Bulter	Late Permian (Wuchiapingian)	Usili Formation	Tanzania	A non-archosauriform archosauromorph, probably a protorosaurian. The type species is Aenigmastropheus parringtoni.
Garjainia madiba	Sp. nov	Valid	Gower et al.	Early Triassic (late Olenekian)	Burgersdorp Formation	South Africa	An erythrosuchid archosauriform, a species of Garjainia.
Hyperodapedon tikiensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Mukherjee & Ray	Late Triassic	Tiki Formation	India	A rhynchosaur, a species of Hyperodapedon.
Proterosuchus goweri	Sp. nov	Valid	Ezcurra & Butler	Early Triassic		South Africa	A proterosuchid archosauriform, a species of Proterosuchus.
Pseudochampsa	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Trotteyn & Ezcurra	Late Triassic (late Carnian or earliest Norian)	Ischigualasto Formation	Argentina	A proterochampsid archosauriform; a new genus for "Chanaresuchus" ischigualastensis Trotteyn, Martínez & Alcober (2012).

Pseudosuchians

Research

• A study of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum, Turfanosuchus dabanensis and Yonghesuchus sangbiensis is published by Butler et al. (2014).
• A study of jaw mechanism and dental function in heterodont crocodyliforms is published by Ősi (2014).
• The atoposaurid crocodyliform genus Alligatorellus is revised by Tennant and Mannion (2014).

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Allodaposuchus palustris	Sp. nov	Valid	Blanco et al.	Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian)	Tremp Formation	Spain	An eusuchian crocodylomorph, a species of Allodaposuchus.
Anthracosuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hastings, Bloch & Jaramillo	Paleocene	Cerrejón Formation	Colombia	A dyrosaurid crocodyliform. The type species is Anthracosuchus balrogus.
Aplestosuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Godoy et al.	Late Cretaceous	Adamantina Formation	Brazil	A baurusuchid crocodylomorph. The type species is Aplestosuchus sordidus.
Caipirasuchus stenognathus	Sp. nov	Valid	Pol et al.	Late Cretaceous	Adamantina Formation	Brazil	A sphagesaurid crocodylomorph, a species of Caipirasuchus.
Diplocynodon remensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Martin et al.	Late Palaeocene		France	A member of Alligatoroidea, a species of Diplocynodon.
Machimosaurus buffetauti	Sp. nov	Valid	Young et al.	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)		France Germany Poland? United Kingdom?	A teleosaurid crocodylomorph, a species of Machimosaurus. Considered to be a junior synonym of Machimosaurus hugii by Martin, Vincent & Falconnet (2015).
Nundasuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Nesbitt et al.	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Manda Beds	Tanzania	A member of Archosauriformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly a pseudosuchian. The type species is Nundasuchus songeaensis.
Polesinesuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Roberto-da-Silva et al.	Late Triassic	Santa Maria Formation	Brazil	An aetosaur. The type species is Polesinesuchus aurelioi.
Rukwasuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sertich & O’Connor	Cretaceous (Aptian to Cenomanian)	Galula Formation	Tanzania	A peirosaurid crocodyliform. The type species is Rukwasuchus yajabalijekundu.
Sahitisuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Kellner, Pinheiro & Campos	Paleocene (Itaboraian)		Brazil	A sebecid crocodylomorph. The type species is Sahitisuchus fluminensis.
Wannchampsus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Adams	Early Cretaceous (late Aptian)	Twin Mountains Formation	United States	A paralligatorid neosuchian crocodylomorph. The type species is Wannchampsus kirpachi.

Non-avian dinosaurs

Research

• A study of size changes and rates of anatomical innovation in the theropod lineage ancestral to birds is published by Lee et al. (2014).
• A study of evolution of body size and forelimb length in birds and nov-avian coelurosaurian theropods is published by Puttick, Thomas and Benton (2014).
• A phylogenetic analysis of bird and non-avian coelurosaurian theropod relationships and a study of rates of morphological evolution and changes in morphological disparity across the dinosaur-bird transition is published by Brusatte et al. (2014).
• A description of abelisaurid teeth from the Late Jurassic Lourinhã Formation of Portugal and a phylogenetic analysis of theropod relationships based on dental characters is published by Hendrickx and Mateus (2014).
• A study of theropod diversity in the Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) of Tunisia is published by Fanti et al. (2014).
• A juvenile specimen of Megaraptor namunhuaiquii is described by Porfiri et al. (2014).
• A study of European fossil record of Ornithomimosauria is published by Allain et al. (2014).
• A study of flight ability in some non-avian paravian theropods is published by Sorkin (2014).
• "Saurornitholestes" robustus, initially thought to be a dromaeosaurid, is reinterpreted as a troodontid by Evans et al. (2014).
• A well-preserved specimen of Microraptor zhaoianus is described by Pei et al. (2014).
• A study of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Antetonitrus ingenipes is published by McPhee et al. (2014).
• Fragmentary partial skeleton of a small sauropod belonging to the genus Haplocanthosaurus collected from the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado is described by Foster & Wedel (2014).
• The purported size of the holotype vertebra of Amphicoelias fragillimus is reevaluated by Woodruff and Foster (2014).
• A study of phylogenetic relationships of Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis is published by Mocho, Royo-Torres and Ortega (2014).
• A study of anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Aragosaurus ischiaticus is published by Royo-Torres et al. (2014).
• A study of titanosaur osteoderms from the Upper Cretaceous Lo Hueco site in Cuenca, Spain is published by Vidal, Ortega and Sanz (2014).
• A study of species richness of South American titanosaur assemblages during the Late Cretaceous is published by Vieira et al. (2014).
• A study of the effect of intervertebral cartilage on neck posture of sauropod dinosaurs is published by Taylor (2014).
• A study of the dentition of Manidens condorensis is published by Becerra et al. (2014).
• A study of the postcranial anatomy of Heterodontosaurus tucki is published by Galton (2014).
• A study of the impact of osteoderm placement on the centre of mass of stegosaurs is published by Mallison (2014).
• A study of Early Cretaceous Spanish iguanodont ornithopod diversity and a description of new remains referrable to Delapparentia is published by Gasca, Canudo and Moreno-Azanza (2014).
• A specimen of Edmontosaurus regalis with remains of a soft-tissue cranial crest is described by Bell et al. (2014).
• A juvenile specimen of Edmontosaurus annectens is described by Prieto-Márquez (2014).
• An assemblage of Psittacosaurus juveniles associated with a larger specimen from the Lujiatun beds of the Yixian Formation in Liaoning, China is described by Hedrick et al. (2014).
• An aggregation of four juveniles of Protoceratops andrewsi from the Tugrikin Shire locality of the Djadokhta Formation in Central Gobi region, Mongolia and two associated subadults of the same species from the same locality are described by Hone et al. (2014).
• A study of ontogenetic changes in the craniofacial skeleton of Centrosaurus apertus is published by Frederickson and Tumarkin-Deratzian (2014).
• A new specimen attributable to Arrhinoceratops brachyops is described by Mallon et al. (2014).
• A new specimen of Spinosaurus is described by Ibrahim et al., with a controversial reconstruction of Spinosaurus as a quadrupedal semi-aquatic genus.
• Two new specimens of the previous enigma Deinocheirus are described and analysed by Lee et al. (2014).
• A tiny theropod was found in the South Korea. (2014)

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Adelolophus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gates et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Wahweap Formation	United States	A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid. The type species is Adelolophus hutchisoni.
Allosaurus lucasi	Sp. nov	Valid	Dalman	Late Jurassic (Tithonian)	Morrison Formation	United States	An allosauroid theropod, a species of Allosaurus.
Amargastegos	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Cretaceous (Barremian-early Aptian)	La Amarga Formation	Argentina	A stegosaur. The type species is Amargastegos brevicollus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Andhrasaurus	Gen. et. sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian-Toarcian)	Kota Formation	India	A basal thyreophoran. The type species is Andhrasaurus indicus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Anzu	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lamanna et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian)	Hell Creek Formation	United States	A caenagnathid theropod. The type species is Anzu wyliei.
Aquilops	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Farke et al.	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Cloverly Formation	United States	A basal member of Neoceratopsia. The type species is Aquilops americanus.
Arcovenator	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tortosa et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)		France	An abelisaurid theropod. The type species is Arcovenator escotae.
Camarillasaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sánchez-Hernández & Benton	Early Cretaceous (early Barremian)	Camarillas Formation	Spain	A basal ceratosaurian. The type species is Camarillasaurus cirugedae.
Changyuraptor	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Han et al.	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A microraptorine dromaeosaurid theropod. The type species is Changyuraptor yangi.
Chuanqilong	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Han et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Jiufotang Formation	China	An ankylosaurid. The type species is Chuanqilong chaoyangensis.
Chungkingosaurus giganticus	Sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Shangshaximiao Formation	China	A huayangosaurid, a species of Chungkingosaurus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Chungkingosaurus magnus	Sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)	Shangshaximiao Formation	China	A huayangosaurid, a species of Chungkingosaurus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Datanglong	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mo et al.	Early Cretaceous	Xinlong Formation	China	A carcharodontosaur theropod. The type species is Datanglong guangxiensis.
Dreadnoughtus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lacovara et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian or Maastrichtian)	Cerro Fortaleza Formation	Argentina	A titanosaurian sauropod. The type species is Dreadnoughtus schrani.
Eoplophysis	Gen. et comb. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Middle Jurassic (Bathonian)	Cornbrash Formation	England	A stegosaur; a new genus for "Omosaurus" vetustus von Huene (1910). According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Eousdryosaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Escaso et al.	Late Jurassic	Alcobaça Formation	Portugal	A dryosaurid ornithopod. The type species is Eousdryosaurus nanohallucis.
Ferganastegos	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Middle Jurassic (Callovian)	Balabansai Formation	Kyrgyzstan	A stegosaur. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Fosterovenator	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Dalman	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian/Tithonian)	Morrison Formation	United States	A theropod dinosaur. The type species is Fosterovenator churei.
Gobivenator	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tsuihiji et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Djadochta Formation	Mongolia	A troodontid theropod. The type species is Gobivenator mongoliensis.
Gongpoquansaurus	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	You, Li & Dodson	Early Cretaceous (Albian)	Zhonggou Formation	China	A non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid; a new genus for "Probactrosaurus" mazongshanensis Lü (1997).
Huangshanlong	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Huang et al.	Middle Jurassic	Hongqin Formation	China	A mamenchisaurid sauropod. The type species is Huangshanlong anhuiensis.
Kulindadromeus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Godefroit et al.	Middle or Late Jurassic (Bajocian to Tithonian)	Ukureyskaya Formation	Russia	A non-cerapodan neornithischian. The type species is Kulindadromeus zabaikalicus.
Laquintasaura	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Barrett et al.	Early Jurassic	La Quinta Formation	Venezuela	A basal ornithischian. The type species is Laquintasaura venezuelae.
Leinkupal	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gallina et al.	Early Cretaceous (late Berriasian to Valanginian)	Bajada Colorada Formation	Argentina	A diplodocine diplodocid sauropod. The type species is Leinkupal laticauda.
Mercuriceratops	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ryan et al.	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Dinosaur Park Formation Judith River Formation	Canada United States	A chasmosaurine ceratopsid. The type species is Mercuriceratops gemini.
Nanuqsaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Fiorillo & Tykoski	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)	Prince Creek Formation	United States	A tyrannosaurid theropod. The type species is Nanuqsaurus hoglundi.
Natronasaurus	Gen. et comb. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)	Morrison Formation	United States	A stegosaurid; a new genus for "Stegosaurus" longispinus Gilmore (1914). According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature; Galton and Carpenter made "S." longispinus the type species of a new genus Alcovasaurus.
Panguraptor	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	You et al.	Early Jurassic	Lufeng Formation	China	A coelophysoid theropod. The type species is Panguraptor lufengensis.
Pentaceratops aquilonius	Sp. nov	Valid	Longrich	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)	Dinosaur Park Formation	Canada	A ceratopsid, a species of Pentaceratops.
Plesiohadros	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tsogtbaatar et al.	Late Cretaceous (probably late Campanian)	Djadochta Formation	Mongolia	A non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid. The type species is Plesiohadros djadokhtaensis.
Qianzhousaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Lü et al.	Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)		China	A tyrannosaurid theropod. The type species is Qianzhousaurus sinensis.
Quetecsaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	González Riga & Ortiz David	Late Cretaceous (Turonian)	Cerro Lisandro Formation	Argentina	A titanosaur sauropod related to Mendozasaurus and Futalognkosaurus. The type species is Quetecsaurus rusconii.
Rhinorex	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gates & Scheetz	Late Cretaceous (Campanian)	Neslen Formation	United States	A saurolophine hadrosaurid. The type species is Rhinorex condrupus.
Rukwatitan	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Gorscak et al.	Cretaceous (Aptian to Cenomanian)	Galula Formation	Tanzania	A titanosaur sauropod. The type species is Rukwatitan bisepultus.
Saldamosaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic	Saldam Formation	Russia	A stegosaur. The type species is Saldamosaurus tuvensis. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Scelidosaurus arizonensis	Sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Jurassic (?Sinemurian-Pliensbachian)	Kayenta Formation	United States	A basal thyreophoran, a species of Scelidosaurus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Siamodracon	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Late Jurassic	Phu Kradung Formation	Thailand	A stegosaur. The type species is Siamodracon altispinus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Sinopeltosaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Pliensbachian)	Lufeng Formation	China	A basal thyreophoran. The type species is Sinopeltosaurus minimus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Tachiraptor	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Langer et al.	Earliest Jurassic	La Quinta Formation	Venezuela	A stem-averostran theropod. The type species is Tachiraptor admirabilis.
Tambatitanis	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Saegusa and Ikeda	Early Cretaceous (probably early Albian)	Sasayama Group	Japan	A titanosauriform sauropod, a member of Somphospondyli. The type species is Tambatitanis amicitiae.
Torvosaurus gurneyi	Sp. nov	Valid	Hendrickx & Mateus	Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian)	Lourinhã Formation	Portugal	A megalosauroid theropod, a species of Torvosaurus.
Vahiny	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Curry Rogers & Wilson	Late Cretaceous	Maevarano Formation	Madagascar	A titanosaur sauropod. The type species is Vahiny depereti.
Wuerhosaurus mongoliensis	Sp. nov.	Disputed	Ulansky	Early Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian}	Khukhtyk Formation	Mongolia	A stegosaur, a species of Wuerhosaurus. According to Galton and Carpenter (2016) it did not meet the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
Yongjinglong	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Early Cretaceous	Hekou Group	China	A titanosaur sauropod. The type species is Yongjinglong datangi.
Zaraapelta	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Arbour, Currie & Badamgarav	Late Cretaceous	Barun Goyot Formation	Mongolia	A member of Ankylosauridae. The type species is Zaraapelta nomadis.
Zby	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mateus, Mannion & Upchurch	Late Jurassic (late Kimmeridgian)	Lourinhã Formation	Portugal	A turiasaurian sauropod. The type species is Zby atlanticus.
Zhanghenglong	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Xing et al.	Late Cretaceous (Santonian)	Majiacun Formation	China	A non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid ornithopod. The type species is Zhanghenglong yangchengensis.
Ziapelta	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Arbour et al.	Late Cretaceous (late Campanian)	Kirtland Formation	United States	An ankylosaurid. The type species is Ziapelta sanjuanensis.

Birds

Research

• A study on the antiquity of birds is published by Lee et al. (2014).
• A new specimen of Archaeopteryx is described by Foth, Tischlinger and Rauhut (2014).
• Zhongornis haoae, initially thought to be a bird, is argued to be a non-avian maniraptoran by O'Connor and Sullivan (2014).
• A study of ecological disparity in Early Cretaceous birds is published by Mitchell and Makovicky (2014).
• A subadult specimen of Zhouornis hani is described by Zhang et al. (2014).
• A study of the species status of the moa from the genus Euryapteryx is published by Huynen and Lambert (2014).
• A study of growth in the moa from the genus Euryapteryx is published by Huynen et al. (2014).
• A study of tbx5 gene of the moa from the genus Dinornis is published by Huynen et al. (2014).
• Fossil remains of a relative of the hoatzin, possibly a species belonging to the genus Namibiavis, from the middle Miocene of Kenya, are described by Mayr (2014).
• A specimen of Pumiliornis tessellatus with preserved stomach contents including pollen grains is described by Mayr and Wilde (2014).
• A Late Pleistocene specimen of griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) with exceptionally well preserved fossilized soft tissues is described from the Alban Hills volcanic region, Italy by Iurino et al. (2014).

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aegypius varswaterensis	Sp nov.	Valid	Albrecht Manegold, Marco Pavia, Pippa Haarhoff	Early Pliocene	Varswater Formation	South Africa	An Aegypius sp. related to the cinereous vulture
Anser djuktaiensis	Sp nov.	Valid	Zelenkov & Kurochkin	Late Pleistocene		Russia	A species of Anser.
Australornis lovei	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Mayr & R. Paul Scofield	Early Paleocene	Waipara Greensand	New Zealand	An incertae sedis Neognathae, Monotypic with A. lovei.
Bambolinetta lignitifila	Gen. et Comb. nov.	Valid	Mayr & Pavia	Miocene		Italy	An Anatinae genus, Comb. nov. for "Anas" lignitifila
Baselrallus intermedius	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	De Pietri, Gerald Mayr	Early Miocene		France	A member of the Rallidae. The type species of the new genus.
Caracara seymouri	Sp. nov.	Valid	Suarez & Olson	Quaternary		Ecuador Peru	A Caracara, Falconidae.
Cryptopsar ischyrhynchus	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Hume	Holocene		Mauritius	A member of the Sturnidae, it is the type species of the new genus.
Eopengornis martini	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang, O'Connor, Zheng, Wang, Hu, Zhou	Early Cretaceous,	Huajiying Formation	China	A member of the Enantiornithes, it is the type species of the new genus.
Eudyptes calauina	Sp. nov.	Valid	Hoffmeister, Carrillo Briceño, & Nielsen	Pliocene	Horcon Formation	Chile	An extinct crested penguin.
Evgenavis nobilis	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	O’Connor, Averianov, & Zelenkov	Barremian-Aptian	Ilek Formation	Russia	Aves incertae sedis. it is the type species of the new genus.
Falco hezhengensis	Sp. nov.	Valid	Zhiheng, Zhonghe, Tao, Qiang, & Clarke	Late Miocene	Linxia Basin	China	A member of the Falconidae.
Fortunguavis xiaotaizicus	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang Min Jingmai K. O’Connor Zhou Zhonghe	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. This is the type species of the new genus.
Gansus zheni	Sp. nov.	Valid	Di Liu Luis M. Chiappe Yuguang Zhang Alyssa Bell Qingjin Meng Qiang Ji Xuri Wang	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	An early member of Ornithuromorpha Chiappe, 2002, a species of Gansus.
Garganornis ballmanni	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Hanneke J. M. Meijer	Miocene	Fissure fillings	Italy	A member of the Anseriformes, this is the type species of the new genus.
Genucrassum bransatensis	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Vanesa L. De Pietri R. Paul Scofield	Late Oligocene	MP 30; 23.03 Mya	France	A stone-curlew, Burhinidae, this is the type species of the new genus.
Grabauornis lingyuanensis	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Johan Dalsätt Per G.P. Ericson Zhou Zhonghe	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. This is the type species of the new genus.
?Ibidopodia chavrochensis	Sp. nov.	Valid	Vanesa L. De Pietri Gerald Mayr	Early Miocene	Chavroches MN 2	France	An Idiornithid, Idiornithidae Cariamiformes, possibly a species of Ibidopodia Milne-Edwards, 1868.
?Ibidopodia minuta	Sp. nov.	Valid	Vanesa L. De Pietri Gerald Mayr	Early Miocene	Saulcet	France	An Idiornithid, Idiornithidae Cariamiformes, possibly a species of Ibidopodia Milne-Edwards, 1868.
Iteravis huchzermeyeri	Gen. nov. et sp. nov.	Valid	Shuang Zhou Jingmai K. O’Connor Min Wang	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A basal member of the Ornithuromorpha Chiappe, 2002. This is the type species of the new genus.
Jeholornis curvipes	Sp. nov.	Valid	Ulysse Lefèvre Dongyu Hu François Escuillié Gareth Dyke Pascal Godefroit	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A member of Avialae Gauthier, 1986, a species of Jeholornis Zhou et Zhang, 2002.
Limnofregata hutchisoni	Sp. nov.	Valid	Thomas A. Stidham	Early Eocene	Wasatch Formation	United States: Wyoming	A member of Fregatidae, a species of Limnofregata.
Longusunguis kurochkini	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang Min Zhou Zhonghe Jingmai K. O'Connor Nikita V. Zelenkov	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981 related to Bohaiornis. This is the type species of new genus.
Mergellus mochanovi	Sp. nov.	Valid	Nikita V. Zelenkov Evgeny N. Kurochkin	Late Pleistocene		Russia	A member of the Anatidae related to the smew, a species of Mergellus.
Mergus milleneri	Sp. nov.	Valid	Murray Williams Alan J. D. Tennyson	Holocene	Chatham Island	New Zealand	A member of the Anatidae.
Nectornis africanus	Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Miocene	MN 5	Kenya	A cormorant, Phalacrocoracidae, a species of Nectornis Cheneval, 1984.
Nestor chathamensis	Sp. nov.	Valid	Jamie R. Wood Kieren J. Mitchell R. Paul Scofield Alan J. D. Tennyson in Wood et al.	Holocene	Chatham Islands	New Zealand	A New Zealand parrot belonging to the family Nestoridae Bonaparte, 1849, a species of Nestor.
?Nupharanassa mabokoensis	Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr	Middle Miocene	MN 5	Kenya	A jacana, Jacanidae, possibly a species of Nupharanassa Rasmussen, Olson et Simons, 1987.
Parabohaiornis martini	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang Min Zhou Zhonghe Jingmai K. O’Connor Nikita V. Zelenkov	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981 related to Bohaiornis. The type species of the new genus, placed in the family Bohaiornithidae Wang, Zhou, O’Connor et Zelenkov, 2014 with de genera Shenqiornis Wang, O’Connor, Zhao, Chiappe, Gao et Cheng, 2010, Sulcavis O’Connor, Zhang, Chiappe, Meng, Quanguo et Di, 2013, Zhouornis Zhang, Chiappe, Han et Chinsamy, 2013, Longusunguis Wang, Zhou, O’Connor et Zelenkov, 2014 and Bohaiornis Hu, Hou L. H. et Xu, 2011.
Parvavis chuxiongensis	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Wang Min Zhou Zhonghe Xu Guanghui	Late Cretaceous, Turonian to Santonian	Jiangdihe Formation	China	A member of Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. The type species of the new genus.
Pelagornis sandersi	Sp. nov.	Valid	Daniel T. Ksepka	Late Oligocene	Chandler Bridge Formation, Early Chattian	USA: South Carolina	A member of the Pelagornithidae Fürbringer, 1888, a species of Pelagornis Lartet, 1857; the bird with the biggest wingspan known up to now.
Piscivoravis lii	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Zhou Shuang Zhou Zhonghe Jingmai K. O'Connor	Early Cretaceous	Jiufotang Formation	China	A basal member of the Ornithuromorpha Chiappe, 2002. This is the type species the new genus.
Plotornis graculoides	Comb. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr Marco Pavia	Miocene	MN 1-2	Italy	A member of the Diomedeidae, a new name for "Chenornis" graculoides Portis 1884, creating a Comb. nov.
Protoazin parisiensis	Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Gerald Mayr Vanesa L. De Pietri	Late Eocene	Priabonian, MP 20	France	A relative of the hoatzin, Opisthocomidae. This is the type species of the new genus.
Sobniogallus albinojamrozi	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Tomek, Bocheński, Wertz, & Świdnicka	Rupelian	Krosno Formation	Poland	Galliformes incertae sedis. This is the type species of the new genus.
Tianyuornis cheni	Gen. et Sp. nov.	Valid	Xiao-Ting, O'Connor, Xiao-Li, Xiao-Mei, & Yan	Early Cretaceous	Yixian Formation	China	A member of the Hongshanornithidae, the type species of the new genus.

Pterosaurs

Research

• A study of pneumaticity of pterosaur wing bones is published by Martin and Palmer (2014).
• A complete and fully articulated juvenile specimen of Scaphognathus crassirostris is described by Bennett (2014).
• Partial 3D egg of Pterodaustro guinazui is described by Grellet-Tinner et al. (2014).
• Cearadactylus atrox is redescribed by Vila Nova et al. (2014).
• The taxonomy and distribution of the family Azhdarchidae is reviewed by Averianov (2014).
• A reevaluation of the fossil material attributed to Bakonydraco galaczi, indicating that the fossils actually represent at least two pterosaur taxa, is published by Prondvai, Bodor and Ősi (2014).
• A study of medullary bone-like tissue in the mandibular symphyses of Bakonydraco galaczi is published by Prondvai and Stein (2014).

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Aerodactylus	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Vidovic & Martill	Late Jurassic	Solnhofen Limestone	Germany	A member of Pterodactyloidea related to Gladocephaloideus, Cycnorhamphus, Ardeadactylus and Aurorazhdarcho; a new genus for "Pterodactylus" scolopaciceps Meyer (1860).
Boreopterus giganticus	Sp. nov	Valid	Jiang et al.	Early Cretaceous		China	A species of Boreopterus.
Caiuajara	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Manzig et al.	Late Cretaceous	Bauru Basin, Caiuá Group, Goio-Erê Formation	Brazil	A tapejarid. The type species is Caiuajara dobruskii.
Hamipterus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Early Cretaceous	Tugulu Group	China	A member of Pteranodontoidea of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Hamipterus tianshanensis.
Ikrandraco	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian)	Jiufotang Formation	China	A non-anhanguerian pteranodontoid. The type species is Ikrandraco avatar.
Kryptodrakon	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Andres, Clark & Xu	Middle-Late Jurassic boundary		China	An early member of Pterodactyloidea. The type species is Kryptodrakon progenitor.
Maaradactylus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Bantim et al.	Early Cretaceous (Aptian or Albian)	Romualdo Formation	Brazil	A member of Anhangueridae. The type species is Maaradactylus kellneri.

Other reptiles

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Abyssomedon	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Macdougall & Reisz	Early Permian	Garber Formation	United States	A nyctiphruretid parareptile. The type species is Abyssomedon williamsi.
Atopodentatus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cheng et al.	Middle Triassic (Anisian)	Guanling Formation	China	A marine reptile, probably a relative of sauropterygians. The type species is Atopodentatus unicus.
Delorhynchus cifellii	Sp. nov	Valid	Reisz, Macdougall & Modesto	Early Permian	Garber Formation	United States	A parareptile relative of lanthanosuchoids, a species of Delorhynchus.
Eohupehsuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Triassic	Jialingjiang Formation	China	A hupehsuchian. The type species is Eohupehsuchus brevicollis.
Horaffia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Klein & Hagdorn	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)	Erfurt Formation	Germany	A marine diapsid reptile of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Horaffia kugleri.
Largocephalosaurus qianensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Triassic	Guanling Formation	China	A member of Saurosphargidae, a species of Largocephalosaurus.
Parahupehsuchus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Early Triassic	Jialingjiang Formation	China	A hupehsuchian. The type species is Parahupehsuchus longus.

Synapsids

Non-mammalian synapsids

Research

• A study of the anatomy of nasal cavity of Brasilitherium riograndensis is published by Ruf et al. (2014).
• A study of the anatomy of the therocephalian Simorhinella baini and a taxonomic re-evaluation of the family Lycosuchidae is published by Abdala et al. (2014).

New taxa

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Abajudon	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Angielczyk et al.	Permian	Ruhuhu Formation	Tanzania	A dicynodont of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Abajudon kaayai.
Alierasaurus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Romano & Nicosia	Permian	Cala del Vino Formation	Italy	A caseid. The type species is Alierasaurus ronchii.
Botucaraitherium	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Soares, Martinelli & De Oliveira	Late Triassic (possibly early Norian)	Riograndia Assemblage Zone of the Candelária Sequence (Santa Maria Supersequence)	Brazil	A prozostrodontian cynodont. The type species is Botucaraitherium belarminoi.
Eocasea	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Reisz & Fröbisch	Carboniferous (late Pennsylvanian)	Calhoun Shale	United States	A member of Caseidae . The type species is Eocasea martini.
Sungeodon	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Maisch & Matzke	Early Triassic	Jiucaiyuan Formation	China	A kannemeyeriiform dicynodont . The type species is Sungeodon kimkraemerae.

Mammals

Main article: 2014 in mammal paleontology

Other animals

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Ascarites rufferi	Sp. nov	Valid	Da Silva et al.	Middle Triassic (Ladinian)		Brazil	An ascaridid nematode found in a cynodont coprolite, a species of Ascarites.
Ashetscolex	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Muir et al.	Ordovician (earliest Floian)	Tonggao Formation	China	A palaeoscolecid worm. The type species is Ashetscolex nuppus.
Athyris africana	Sp. nov	Valid	Schemm-Gregory	Devonian (late Givetian)		Western Sahara	An athyridid brachiopod, a species of Athyris.
Atraktoprion podolicus	Sp. nov	Valid	Szaniawski & Drygant	Early Devonian (middle Lochkovian to Pragian)		Ukraine	An atraktoprionid polychaete, a species of Atraktoprion.
Beethovenia	Gen. et 3 sp. et comb. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde	Devonian (Pragian and Emsian)		Belgium France Spain Germany?	A strophodontid brachiopod. The type species is Beethovenia beethoveni; genus also includes new species B. bachi and B. brahmsi, as well as B. acutiplicata (Oehlert & Davoust, 1879) and possibly "Stropheodonta" steiningeri Drevermann (1907).
Cambroskiadeion	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Moore, Porter & Li	Early Cambrian	Dengying Formation	China	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement with a cap-shaped shell. The type species is Cambroskiadeion xiaowanense.
Cirpa alkayae	Sp. nov	Valid	Vörös	Early Jurassic (Pliensbachian)		Turkey	A wellerellid rhynchonellid brachiopod, a species of Cirpa.
Conchicolites crispisulcans	Sp. nov	Valid	Vinn, Jarochowska & Munnecke	Silurian (Wenlock)	Halla Formation	Sweden	A member of Cornulitida (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Conchicolites.
Eklexibella	Gen. et 2 sp. nov	Valid	Keupp, Gründel & Wiese	Early Jurassic (late Pliensbachian)		Germany	A terebellid polychaete. Genus contains two species: Eklexibella buttenheimensis and Eklexibella johanni.
Enalikter	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Siveter et al.	Silurian	Herefordshire Lagerstätte	United Kingdom	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement; it might be a megacheiran arthropod or an annelid. The type species is Enalikter aphson.
Eopriapulites	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Liu & Xiao in Liu et al.	Cambrian (Fortunian)	Kuanchuanpu Formation	China	A priapulid-like scalidophoran. The type species is Eopriapulites sphinx.
Eximipriapulus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Ma et al.	Cambrian	Chengjiang Lagerstätte	China	A member of Priapulida. The type species is Eximipriapulus globocaudatus.
Filihernodia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Taylor & Wilson in Frey et al.	Early Devonian (Pragian)		Morocco	A reptariid hederellid. The type species is Filihernodia buccina.
Haplistion toftanum	Sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	A haplistiid spirosclerophorid demosponge, a species of Haplistion.
Hyalonema vetteri	Sp. nov	Valid	Janussen	Late Cretaceous (Coniacian)	Arnager Formation	Denmark	A hexactinellid sponge, a species of Hyalonema.
Lindstroemispongia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	An astylospongiid streptosclerophorid demosponge. The type species is Lindstroemispongia cylindrata.
Lyrarapax	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Cong et al.	Early Cambrian		China	A member of Anomalocarididae (a group of animals with uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly stem-arthropods). The type species is Lyrarapax unguispinus.
Multistella leipnitzae	Sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	An anthaspidellid orchocladine demosponge, a species of Multistella.
Nesonektris	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	García-Bellido et al.	Cambrian	Emu Bay Shale	Australia	A member of Vetulicolida. The type species is Nesonektris aldridgei.
Nidelric	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hou et al.	Early Cambrian	Heilinpu Formation	China	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement; a member of Chancelloriida or a chancelloriid-like animal. The type species is Nidelric pugio.
Nisusia granosa	Sp. nov	Valid	Mao, Wang & Zhao	Cambrian	Kaili Formation	China	A brachiopod, a species of Nisusia.
Norvegiograptus	Gen. et comb. nov	Valid	Li et al.	Early Ordovician		China Norway	A graptolite belonging to the family Dichograptidae. A new genus for "Didymograptus" liber Monsen (1937); genus also includes "Didymograptus" enshiensis Ni in Mu et al. (1979).
Oikozetetes mounti	Sp. nov	Valid	Jacquet, Brock & Paterson	Early Cambrian	Mernmerna Formation	Australia	A member of Halkieriidae (a group of animals of uncertain phylogenetic placement, possibly molluscs), a species of Oikozetetes.
Opetionella incompta	Sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	A demosponge, possibly a member of the group Hadromerida; a species of Opetionella.
Paleoxyuris	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Hugot et al.	Triassic		Brazil	A heteroxynematid oxyurid nematode known from an egg found in a cynodont coprolite. The type species is Paleoxyuris cockburni.
Phragmodictya jinshaensis	Sp. nov	Valid	Xinglian et al.	Cambrian		China	A hexactinellid sponge, a species of Phragmodictya.
Plicostropheodonta crassicosta	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde	Devonian (Emsian)		Spain	A strophodontid brachiopod, a species of Plicostropheodonta.
Plicostropheodonta latronensis	Sp. nov	Valid	García-Alcalde	Devonian (Emsian)		Spain	A strophodontid brachiopod, a species of Plicostropheodonta.
Polychaetaspis kozlowskii	Sp. nov	Valid	Szaniawski & Drygant	Early Devonian (early Lochkovian)		Ukraine	A polychaetaspid polychaete, a species of Polychaetaspis.
Postperissocoelia	Gen. et comb. et sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian		Canada Sweden	A streptosolenid orchocladine demosponge. A new genus for "Perissocoelia" spinosa Rigby & Chatterton (1989); genus also contains new species Postperissocoelia gnisvardensis.
Pseudoperipatus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Haug & Haug	Cambrian	Burgess Shale	Canada	A cycloneuralian worm. The type species is Pseudoperipatus hintelmannae.
Sanduscolex	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Muir et al.	Ordovician (earliest Floian)	Tonggao Formation	China	A palaeoscolecid worm. The type species is Sanduscolex regularis.
Urphaenomenospongia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rhebergen & Botting	Silurian (Telychian)		Sweden	A glass sponge, possibly a member of Lyssacinosida. The type species is Urphaenomenospongia euplectelloides.
Waflascolex	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Ordovician (Tremadocian)		China	A palaeoscolecid worm. The type species is Waflascolex changdensis.
Wiwaxia foliosa	Sp. nov	Valid	Yang et al.	Cambrian	Hongjingshao Formation	China	An animal of uncertain phylogenetic placement, a species of Wiwaxia.
Yuganotheca	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Zhang, Li & Holmer in Zhang et al.	Cambrian	Heilinpu Formation	China	A member of Lophophorata of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Yuganotheca elegans.

Other organisms

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Nilpenia	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Droser et al.	Precambrian	Ediacara Fossil Site at Nilpena, Flinders Ranges	Australia	"An organism of unknown affinities with a growth pattern convergent on that of extant fungi, lichens and encrusting algae". The type species is Nilpenia rossi.
Palaeogaster	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Poinar, Alfredo & Baseia	Early Cretaceous (late Albian)		Myanmar	A fungus belonging to the group Sclerodermatineae. The type species is Palaeogaster micromorpha.
Plexus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Joel, Droser & Gehling	Precambrian		Australia	A tubular, serially divided organism with a bilateral morphology of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Plexus ricei.
Wutubus	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Chen et al.	Precambrian	Dengying Formation	China	An annulated tubular organism of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Wutubus annularis.
Xylaria antiqua	Sp. nov	Valid	Poinar	Eocene or Miocene		Dominican Republic	A fungus belonging to the family Xylariaceae found in Dominican amber, a species of Xylaria.