Abu Dawood

Abu Dawud Sulayman ibn al-Ash‘ath al-Azdi al-Sijistani
Personal Details
Born	817–18 CE Sigistan
Died	889 CE Basra
Ethnicity	Persian
Era	Islamic golden age
Occupation	muhaddith
Religion	Islam
Denomination	Sunni Islam
Jurisprudence	Hanbali and ijtihad
Main interest(s)	ḥadīth and fiqh
Influenced by Ibrahim ibn Ya'qub al-Juzajani, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ali ibn al-Madini, Ishaq Ibn Rahwayh, Yahya ibn Ma'in
Influenced Tirmidhi, Al-Nasa'i

Abu Dawud Sulaymān ibn al-Ash‘ath al-Azdi as-Sijistani Arabic: أبو داود سليمان بن الأشعث الأزدي السجستاني‎‎), commonly known simply as Abu Dawud, was a noted Persian collector of prophetic hadith, and compiled the third of the six "canonical" hadith collections recognized by Sunni Muslims, the Sunan Abu Dāwūd.

Biography

Abu Dawud was born in Sistan, eastern Iran (then-Persia) and died in 889 in Basra. Widely traveled among scholars of hadith, he went to Iraq, Egypt, Syria, Hijaz, Tihamah, Khurasan, Nishapur, and Marv among other places in order to collect hadith. He was primarily interested in jurisprudence, and as a result his collection focused largely on legal hadith. Out of about 500,000 hadith, he chose 4,800 for inclusion in his work.

School of thought and Quotes

Imam Abu Dawud was a follower of Hanbali although some have consider him Shafi.

From this book of mine four (4) Hadith are sufficient for an intelligent and insightful person. They are:

• Deeds are to be judged only by intentions.
• Part of a man's good observance of Islam is that he leaves alone that which does not concern him.
• None of you can be a believer unless you love for your brother that which you love for yourself.
• The permitted (halal) is clear, and the forbidden (haram) is clear, between these two are doubtful matters. Whosoever abstains from these doubtful matters has saved his religion.

Works

He wrote some 21 books in total. Some of the most prominent are:

• Sunan Abu Dāwūd, containing some 4,800 hadith, is his principal work. These are usually numbered after the edition of Muhammad Muhyi al-Din `Abd al-Hamid (Cairo: Matba`at Mustafa Muhammad, 1354/1935), where 5,274 are distinguished. He indicated that all the hadith in his collection were authenticated (sahih) unless specifically marked as unauthenticated (ḍaʿīf). Some Islamic scholars (such as Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani) believe a number of the unmarked ones to be ḍaʿīf as well.
• In another work, Kitab al-Marāsīl, he lists 600 mursal hadith which, after extensive background investigation, he concludes are nonetheless sahih.
• Risālat Abu Dāwūd ilā Ahli Makkah; his letter to the inhabitants of Makkah describing his Sunan Abu Dāwūd.

Early Islam scholars

Early Islamic scholars

See also

• Kutub al-Sittah
• Sunan Abu Dawood