Al-Haram, Jaffa

From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core
Jump to: navigation, search
Al-Haram
250px
Sidna Ali Mosque in Al-Haram
Name meaning The sanctuary of ’Aly Ibn ’Aleim[1]
Subdistrict Jaffa
Palestine grid 131/177
Population 520[2] (1945)
Area 2,681[2] dunams
Date of depopulation 3 February 1948[3]
Cause(s) of depopulation Fear of being caught up in the fighting

Al-Haram, also Sayyiduna Ali' or Sidna Ali, was a Palestinian Arab village in the Jaffa Subdistrict in Mandatory Palestine. It was located 16 km north of Jaffa, adjacent to the ruins of the ancient city of Arsuf, also known as Apollonia. It was depopulated during the 1948 war.

History

In 1596 the waqf of the small Arab settlement at Arsuf had been dedicated to 'Aly Ibn 'Aleim.[4] Pierre Jacotin called the village Ali Ebn harami on his map from 1799.[5]

In 1880, it was described as a mud village of moderate size on high ground, with springs to the north, and on the west a mosque.[6] The full name was recorded as El Haram 'Aly Ibn 'Aleim, after 'Aly Ibn 'Aleim said to have vainly defended the town when it was attacked by Sultan Barbars in 1265. Probably this tradition was transferred from neighboring Arsuf.[6]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Al-Haran had a population of 172, all Muslims[7] increasing the 1931 census to 313, still all Muslims, in a total of 83 houses.[8]

In 1945 the village had a population of 880, with 360 Jewish inhabitants. al-Haram had an elementary school for boys founded in 1921, and in 1945 it had an enrollment of 68 students. The village also contained a mosque and a shrine for al-Hasan ibn 'Ali (d. A.D. 1081), who was a descendant of the second Muslim Caliph 'Umar ibn al-Khattab.[9]

File:El -Haram cropped.jpg
El-Haram from 1932 map, scale 1:20,000

In the 1920s and 1930s, the American Zion Commonwealth bought land from the effendi of the village, and the towns of Herzliya, Kfar Shmaryahu and Rishpon were established there. According to some testimonies,[10] the relationship between the villagers of Al-Haram and the Jews of Herzliya and Rishpon was very friendly. The early settlers of Herzliya mention Arab peddlers in the streets of the town. Some of the villagers were employed in construction. Former Arab residents of al-Haram testified that before the war, representatives of the Jewish towns assured them they were safe.[11]

The Israeli town of Kfar Shmaryahu was established in 1937 southeast of the village site, on what traditionally had been village land.[9]

1948, and aftermath

According to Morris, the villagers were evacuated on 3 February 1948 out of fear of Jewish attack, after Haganah or Irgun attacks on nearby villages.[12]

References

  1. Palmer, 1881, p. 174
  2. 2.0 2.1 Hadawi, 1970, p.52
  3. Morris, 2004, p. xviii, village #195
  4. Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 140
  5. Karmon, 1960, p. 170
  6. 6.0 6.1 Conder and Kitchener, SWP II, p. 134.
  7. Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jaffa, p. 20
  8. Mills, 1932, p. 13.
  9. 9.0 9.1 Khalidi, 1992, pp. 240-241
  10. Herzliya, "Mother of the Kibbutzim and the Communal Groups", by Dan Yahav. Yaron Golan Publishers.
  11. http://www.nakbainhebrew.org/index.php?id=300
  12. Morris, 2004, p. 129, note 514.

Bibliography

  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (p.  215; cited in Petersen, 2001)
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (Al-Haram: p. 146-148)

External links

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.