Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi

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Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattviمخدوم محمدهاشم ٹھٹوي
Pir Thattvi Sufi order
Succeeded by Makhdoom Abdul latif Thattvi
Succeeded by Bibi Aaminat
Succeeded by Bibi Hassan Bano
Succeeded by Bibi Afroze Jameel Uqaili (Acting)
Personal details
Religion Islam

Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattvi (1693- 1761) (Sindhi: مخدوم محمد هاشم ٺٺوي‎, Urdu: علامه مخدوم محمدهاشم ٹھٹوي‎) was an Islamic scholar, author, philanthropist, and spiritual leader who was considered a saint by his followers. He was the first ever Quranic exegesis writer in the Sindhi dialect. He also ran the office of the Chief Justice and stayed the Governor of Sindh and connected areas of Punjab in the Kalhora era. Makhdoom was also a feudal lord and tribe chieftain. He was the leading Islamic theologian and the Imam of the Grand Mosque at Thatta. He engaged himself in missionary duties and was famous among Sufis. He wrote Madah Nama Sindh (a book about Islam in Sindhi society and culture), Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah (a book based on the Hanafi theology), Al-Baqiyat as-Salihat (a biography of great Islamic figures) and other books. His religious dictums shaped Sindhi culture and Islamic tradition in Sindh. He was believed to be a leading expert authority on the Fatwa-e-Alamgiri. He belonged to the Naqshbandi order of Sufism, and followed the Hanafi school of thought. He has a large following throughout the Muslim world specially in Sindh and Thatta district in specific.

Family

Thattvi descends from Harith bin Abdul Mutalib of the Quraish tribe, to which the Islamic prophet Muhammad also belonged.

  1. Muhammad Hashim
  2. Abdul Ghafur
  3. Abdul Latif
  4. Abdur Rahman
  5. Khairuddin Harsi.

Early life and education

Makhdoom belonged to a very traditional, religious and educated family and received basic education from his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor. His father taught him to memorise and recite the Quran. He further learnt Persian language and Fiqh from his house and travelled to Thatta the centre of education, poetry, spiritual grooming and culture of the time for receiving higher education. It was in the time of the Kalhoras when Sindh was at its peak in reference to rich culture and economic progress. Scholars, poets, intellectuals were found in abundance and such people were very much obeyed trusted and respected. Thatta had been entirely unique as in 1111 Hijri it had 400 high schools and 1400 mosques and is of its own kind even today, this attracted Makhdoom Hashim to come to Thatta and attend Arabic classes from Makhdoom Saeed. Makhdoom by his immense intellect and sharp mind finished the curriculum which was usually completed in six years just in just six months this made Makhdoom earn a lot of popularity great scholars and people used to come and visit him from far away remote areas and places and so he became a centre of attraction for many spiritual leaders and people began to see him as their spiritual master.

Makhdoom proceeded towards Makhdoom Zia uddin Thattvi to learn the science of ahadith and associated matters. It took him nine years to learn Persian and Arabic. Meanwhile his father Makhdoom Abdul Ghafoor died on 1113 Hijri in the blessed month of Dhul-hajj and was buried in his place at Sehwan.

Makhdoom visited Makkah and Madinah and learnt exegesis, ahadith, religious fundamentals, tajwid and fiqh.

Golden Chain

  1. Hazrat Muhammad
  2. Imam Ali al Murtaza
  3. Imam Husayn al Sibt
  4. Imam Zayn ul Abidin
  5. Imam Muhammad Baqir
  6. Imam Jafar Sadiq
  7. Imam Musa Kazim
  8. Imam Ali Raza
  9. Maruf Karkhi
  10. Sari Saqati
  11. Junayd Baghdadi
  12. Abu Bakr Shibli
  13. Abdul Aziz Tamimi
  14. Abdul Wahid Tamimi
  15. Abul Farah Tartoosi
  16. Abul Hasan Hankari
  17. Abu Said Makhzumi
  18. Abdul Qadir Gilani
  19. Sayyid Abdul Razzaq
  20. Sayyid Abdullah
  21. Sayyid Ibrahim
  22. Sayyid Jafar
  23. Sayyid Ali
  24. Shah Mas'ud Sufrani
  25. Sayyid Abdul Shakur
  26. Sayyid Sa'adullah
  27. Muhammad Hashim Thattvi

Work

He wrote 400 books in Arabic, Sindhi And Persian, including:

  • Madah Nama Sindh (مدح نامه سنڌ): The book contains merits and values of Sindh and Sindhi society in the 12th century Hijri.
  • Dirham al-Surrat Fi Wada al-Yadayn Taht al-Surrah. This is a short book that proves the Hanafi way of keeping hands in Qiyam during prayer is proved by Sahih Hadith.
  • al-Baqiyat as-Salihat (الباقيات الصالحات): This book describes the biographies of Muhammad's wives and great Islamic figures.

His authored books are included in the syllabus of Al-Azhar University today as well. Some of his books have recently been translated into Sindhi by Allama Muhammad Idrees Dahiri and Ghulam Mustafa Qasmi,[1] including Madah Nama Sindh, al-Baqiyat as-Salihat and Khamsat at-Tahirah.

Alleged miracle

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. On Friday, 12th OF Rajab 1135 Hijri, Makhdoom Hashim was at Madinah and presented greetings at the resting place of Muhmmand and reportedly received the greatest gift in the form of reply of the greetings from Muhmmand himself: "Waalaykum as-salam ya Muhammad Hahim". There were two Muhammad Hashims who both felt Muhammad had replied to them alone. To end the confusion they agreed on trying again and this time Muhmmand reportedly replied: "Waalaykum as-salam ya Muhammad Hahim Thattvi."

A Persian phrease describes this event:

"Zaban khalq-e-naqara khuda eist"
Tongue of mankind is the tongue of God.

Mausoleum and shrine

Thousands of devotees and followers visit his Mausoleum and shrine every day which is located in Makli, Thatta, near the historical Makli graveyard. Many followers are buried alongside his shrine. Few of the names of the notables resting there are as follows: Ubaidullah Sindhi, Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi

Urs

Makhdoom Hashim's urs is celebrated every year on the 6th of rajab at the shrine.

The day's proceedings involve recitation of the Quran, hymns and praises of Allah and Muhammad and the Prophet, and religious discourses are given by local orators and scholars.

See also

Allah Baksh Sarshar Uqaili

References

  1. ↑ http://www.usindh.edu.pk/agmqc/qasmi_biodata.html

External links

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