Aquilegia canadensis
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A. canadensis
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| Aquilegia canadensis |
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Aquilegia canadensis (Canadian or Canada columbine, Eastern red columbine, Wild columbine) is an herbaceous perennial native to woodland and rocky slopes in eastern North America, prized for its red and yellow flowers. It readily hybridizes with other species in the genus Aquilegia.
Contents
Description
Height is 15–90 cm (6–35 in). Leaves are lobed and grouped in 3s, growing from the base and off the flowering stems. Flowers are 1-2 inches long and have yellow petals with a red spur and red sepals. They appear in late spring, nodding on stems above the leaves. The round end of the spur contains nectar, which is sought by butterflies and hummingbirds.
The caterpillars of Columbine Duskywing (Erynnis lucilius) feed on the leaves.
Cultivation
The plant is easily propagated from seed and blooms the second year. It is relatively long lived in the garden. It grows well in shade, and in sun with proper moisture.
The plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[1]
The cultivar 'Little Lanterns' is half the height of the species.
Uses
Native American tribes used various parts red columbine in herbal remedies.
Toxicity
Canada columbine contains a cyanogenic glycoside, which releases poisonous hydrogen cyanide when the plant is damaged.[2]
Distribution
USA (AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, WV), Canada (MB, NB, ON, QC, SK)
Wetland Indicator Status
Regions 1-5: Facultative Equally (FAC) likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
- Region 6: Facultative Wetland (FACW) Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
Gallery
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Red columbine flowers bloom near the cave entrance at Florida Caverns State Park.JPG
Eastern red columbine blooms near the cave entrance at Florida Caverns State Park at Marianna, Florida
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Wild Columbine in Penwood State Park - 5.jpg
A swatch of columbine
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Aquilegia canadensis.JPG
Aquilegia canadensis in Nashville, TN. 22 April 2008.
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Aquilegia canadensis Redmarkviolinist.jpg
Flower and seedpod
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Canadian Columbine.jpg
along Magnetawan River, Ontario
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Red Columbine acquilegia canadensis.jpg
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Red Columbine Aquilegia canadensis 'Canyon Vista' Leaves 2538px.jpg
leaves
References
External links
- Flora of North America — map
- Native Plant Identification Network
- Germplasm Resources Information Network
- US Forest Service — Celebrating Wildflowers
- Connecticut Botanical Society
- Missouri Plants
- Illinois Wildflowers
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources
- Minnesota Wildflowers
- Floridata
- 'Little Lanterns' — Paghat's Garden
- CalPhotos
- Kew Plant List
- IPNI Listing
