August Czartoryski

August Czartoryski
File:August Franciszek Maria Anna Józef Kajetan Czartoryski Muñoz, duque de Vista Alegre.jpg Blessed August Czartoryski
Coat of arms	Czartoryski coat of arms
Noble family	Czartoryski
Father	Władysław Czartoryski
Mother	Maria Amparo, Countess of Vista Alegre
Born	August 2, 1858 Paris, France
Died	Alassio, Italy

Blessed August Franciszek Maria Anna Józef Kajetan Czartoryski, Duke of Vista Alegre (1858–1893) was a Prince of the Polish Czartoryski family, born in Paris during the family's exile. A sickly child, he spent much of his youth being shuttled to various health spas. He was accompanied and tutored by a Polish patriot, Father Raphael Kalinowski, a man who was later canonized. Prince August also turned to the priesthood, and after dying at a relatively young age of tuberculosis, was himself beatified, on the path towards becoming a saint.

Biography

Prince August was born in Paris, the only child of Prince Ladislaus (Władysław) Czartoryski and Princess María Amparo, Countess of Vista Alegre (daughter of Maria Christina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Queen of Spain, and her secret husband Agustín Fernando Muñoz, Duke of Riánsares).

The Czartoryski magnate was one of the most powerful families in Poland during the 18th century, but in the 19th century they were exiled from Poland by the Russians, and had their base of operations at the Hôtel Lambert in Paris.

To his family, the young prince was known as "Gucio". He was a sickly child, having contracted tuberculosis from his mother at the age of 6 (she later died of the disease, leaving him her title of Count of Vista Alegre). Much of his life was spent being shuttled to different health spas in mountains and along beaches that had "good air" for the afflicted. From the age of 10 to 17 he studied in Paris and Kraków.

Tutored by the future Saint Raphael Kalinowski

In 1872, when Gucio was 14, his father Prince Ladislaus remarried to Marguerite Adélaïde, and had two more sons in 1872 and 1876. A tutor was hired for Gucio in 1874—Joseph Kalinowski, a Polish patriot who had just returned to Poland from a ten-year sentence in Siberia. Joseph also suffered from respiratory ailments, and accompanied Gucio to many of his destinations. In a letter to his sister Mary, Joseph wrote that he was "father, mother, nurse, brother, companion and caretaker" for the boy. Joseph and August remained close companions until 1877, when Joseph joined the religious order of the Discalced Carmelites and took the name "Raphael of St. Joseph". He was declared a saint by Pope John Paul II in 2004.

Career

It was Prince Ladislaus's desire that his son Gucio pursue a diplomatic career, but the young prince felt a different calling. He was encouraged by Pope Leo XIII to follow Don Bosco (later Saint Don Bosco) of the Salesians.

In 1887, after meeting Don Bosco, Gucio joined that order in Turin, with the ailing Bosco's blessing. He studied theology and philosophy but his health continued to decline. On April 2, 1892 he was ordained as a priest by the Bishop of Ventimiglia, though his family discouraged this, and refused to attend the ceremony. He died only a year later, on April 8, 1893, in Alassio, Italy, of tuberculosis, at the age of 34.

He had been created Duke of Vista Alegre in 1876. The title was inherited by his eldest sister's son.

Veneration

File:Salezjanie - Czartoryski1.jpg

Relics of August Czartoryski, in Przemyśl, Poland

On February 14, 1921 the process for his beatification began, and on the 24 of April 2004, he was beatified by Pope John Paul II, the next step towards becoming a Saint. His remains are currently in Przemyśl, Poland.

Blessed August Czartoryski
Beatified
Born	August 2, 1858, Paris
Died	April 8, 1893, Italy
Venerated in	December 1, 1978
Beatified	April 24, 2004

Ancestry

Family of August Czartoryski

16. August Aleksander Czartoryski               8. Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski                       17. Maria Zofia Sieniawska               4. Adam Jerzy Czartoryski                             18. Georg Detlev von Flemming               9. Izabela Fleming                       19. Antonina Czartoryska               2. Władysław Czartoryski                                   20. Józef Sapieha               10. Aleksander Antoni Sapieha                       21. Teofila Jabłonowska               5. Anna Zofia Sapieha                             22. Andrzej Zamoyski               11. Anna Zamoyska                       23. Konstancja Czartoryska               1. August Czartoryski                                         24. Francisco Javier Muñoz y Carrillo de Torres               12. Juan Antonio Muñoz y Funes, Count of Retamoso                       25. Eugenia Dorotea Funes y Martínez               6. Agustín Fernando Muñoz, Duke of Riánsares                             26. Gabriel Antonio Sánchez y Ordóñez               13. Eusebia María Sánchez y Ortega                       27. María Ortega y Campos               3. María Amparo Muñoz, Countess of Vista Alegre                                   28. Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies               14. Francis I of the Two Sicilies                       29. Maria Carolina of Austria               7. Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies                             30. Charles IV of Spain               15. María Isabella of Spain                       31. Maria Luisa of Parma

References

• Praskiewicz, Szczepan T., Saint Raphael Kalinowski: an introduction to his life and spirituality, 1998 (translated to English by Thomas Coonan, Michael Griffin, OCD, and Lawrence Sullivan, OCD). ICS Publications, Institute of Carmelite Studies, Washington DC.
• Monk Matthew, Saint from the Salt Mines: A biography of Bd. Raphael Kalinowski, ODC, 1986
• Czeslaus Gil, OCD, Father Raphael Kalinowski, 1979, Wydawnictwo (translated into English by Sister Czeslava)
• Vatican biography of Augusto Czartoryski (versions also available in French, Italian, Polish, and Spanish).
• Pope canonizes 3 Salesians
• August Franciszek Czartoryski - site with pictures
• Prince Auguste Czartoryski page at czartoryski.org
• Salezjanie: Inspektoria Krakowska - Article with pictures of him as a child
• Salesians of Don Bosco - has many reference materials in multiple languages and formats (including .doc and .pdf articles in English and Polish)

Spanish nobility
Preceded by María Amparo Muñoz	Count of Vista Alegre 1864–1876	Countship elevated into dukedom
Countship elevated into dukedom	Duke of Vista Alegre 1876–1893	Succeeded by Fernando Sánchez de Toca