Bahmani Sultanate

"Bahmani" redirects here. For places in Iran, see Bahmani, Iran.

Bahmani Sultanate
1347–1527
Bahmani Sultanate, 1470 CE
Capital		Gulbarga (1347–1425) Bidar (1425–1527)
Languages		Persian Language, Urdu, Dakhini, Kannada, Marathi, Telugu,
Religion		Sunni Islam
Government		Monarchy
Sultan
•	1347–1358	Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah
•	1525–1527	Kalim-Allah Shah
Historical era		Late Medieval
•	Established	3 August 1347
•	Disestablished	1527
Preceded by Succeeded by Vijaynagar Empire Delhi Sultanate Deccan sultanates
Today part of		India

The Bahmani Sultanate (also called the Bahmanid Empire or Bahmani Kingdom) was a Muslim state of the Deccan in South India and one of the major medieval Indian kingdoms. Bahmanid Sultanate was the first independent Muslim kingdom in South India.

The empire was established by Turkic general Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah after revolting against the Delhi Sultanate of Muhammad bin Tughlaq. Nazir Uddin Ismail Shah who had revolted against the Delhi Sultanate stepped down on that day in favour of Bahman Shah. His revolt was successful, and he established an independent state on the Deccan within the Delhi Sultanate's southern provinces. The Bahmani capital was Ahsanabad (Gulbarga) between 1347 and 1425 when it was moved to Muhammadabad (Bidar). The Bahmani contested the control of the Deccan with the Vijayanagara Empire to the south. The sultanate reached the peak of its power during the vizierate (1466–1481) of Mahmud Gawan. The south Indian Emperor Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagara Empire defeated the last remnant of Bahmani Sultanate power after which the Bahmani Sultanate collapsed. After 1518 the sultanate broke up into five states: Nizamshahi of Ahmednagar, Qutb Shahi of Golconda (Hyderabad), Baridshahi of Bidar, Imadshahi of Berar, Adilshahi of Bijapur. They are collectively known as the "Deccan Sultanates".

History

Further information: History of the Bahmani Sultanate

Culture

Later rulers of the dynasty believed that they descended from Bahman, the mythological figure of Greater Iranian legend and lore. The Bahamani Sultans were patrons of the Persian language, culture and literature, and some members of the dynasty became well-versed in that language and composed its literature in that language.

The craftspersons of Bidar were so famed for their inlay work on copper and silver that it came to be known as Bidri.

List of Bahmani Shahs

Titular Name	Personal Name	Reign
Independence from Sultan of Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughlaq.
Shah شاہ Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah علاء الدین حسن بہمن شاہ	Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah حسن گنگو	3 August 1347–11 February 1358
Shah شاہ	Muhammad Shah Bahmani I محمد شاہ بہمنی	11 February 1358– 21 April 1375
Shah شاہ Ala-ud-Din Mujahid Shah علاء الدین مجاہد شاہ	Mujahid Shah Bahmani مجاہد شاہ بہمنی	21 April 1375– 16 April 1378
Shah شاہ	Dawood Shah Bahmani داود شاہ بہمنی	16 April 1378– 21 May 1378
Shah شاہ	Mahmood Shah Bahmani I محمود شاہ بہمنی	21 May 1378– 20 April 1397
Shah شاہ	Ghiyath-ud-din Shah Bahmani عیاث الدین شاہ بہمنی	20 April 1397– 14 June 1397
Shah شاہ	Shams-ud-din Shah Bahmani شمس الدین شاہ بہمنی Puppet King Under Lachin Khan Turk	14 June 1397– 15 November 1397
Shah شاہ Taj-ud-Din Feroze Shah تاج الدین فیروز شاہ	Feroze Khan فیروز خان	24 November 1397– 1 October 1422
Shah شاہ	Ahmed Shah Wali Bahmani احمد شاہ ولی بہمنی	1 October 1422– 17 April 1436
Shah شاہ Ala-ud-Din Ahmed Shah علاء الدین احمد شاہ	Ala-ud-Din Ahmed Shah Bahmani علاء الدین احمد شاہ بہمنی	17 April 1436– 6 May 1458
Shah شاہ Ala-ud-Din Humayun Shah علاء الدین ھمایوں شاہ	Humayun Shah Zalim Bahmani ھمایوں شاہ ظالم بہمنی	7 May 1458– 4 September 1461
Shah شاہ	Nizam Shah Bahmani نظام شاہ بہمنی	4 September 1461– 30 July 1463
Shah شاہ Muhammad Shah Lashkari محمد شاہ لشکری	Muhammad Shah Bahmani II محمد شاہ بہمنی دوئم	30 July 1463– 26 March 1482
Vira Shah ویرا شاہ	Mahmood Shah Bahmani II محمود شاہ بہمنی دوئم	26 March 1482– 27 December 1518
Shah شاہ	Ahmed Shah Bahmani II احمد شاہ بہمنی دوئم Puppet King Under Amir Barid I	27 December 1518– 15 December 1520
Shah شاہ Ala-ud-Din Shah علاء الدین شاہ	Ala-ud-Din Shah Bahmani II علاء الدین شاہ بہمنی دوئم Puppet King Under Amir Barid I	28 December 1520– 5 March 1523
Shah شاہ	Waliullah Shah Bahmani ولی اللہ شاہ بہمنی Puppet King Under Amir Barid I	5 March 1522–1526
Shah شاہ	Kaleemullah Shah Bahmani کلیم اللہ شاہ بہمنی Puppet King Under Amir Barid I	1525–1527
Dissolution of the Sultanate into 5 Kingdoms namely; Bidar Sultanate; Ahmednagar Sultanate; Bijapur Sultanate; Golconda Sultanate and Berar Sultanate.

Great Mosque in Gulbarga Fort

• 

  Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah of the Bahmani Sultanate's Firman.

• 

  Ahmad Shah I Wali.

• Tomb of Sultan Ahmed Shah Al Wali.jpg

  Tomb of Ahmad Shah I Wali.

Mahmud Gawan Madrasa was built by Mahmud Gawan, the Vizier of the Bahmani Sultanate as the centre of learning in the Deccan.

See also

• Military of Vijayanagara

External links

• Chronology of Deccan rulers
• Hameed Akhtar Siddiqui, "History of Bahmanis of Deccan, a Gulbarga Saltanate of India"
• Library of Congress – A Country Study: India