Belmont, Sutton

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Belmont
240px
St. John's Church (C of E), Queens Road, Belmont, Sutton
Belmont is located in Greater London
Belmont
Belmont
 Belmont shown within Greater London
OS grid reference TQ253620
London borough Sutton
Ceremonial county Greater London
Region London
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town SUTTON
Postcode district SM2
Dialling code 020
Police Metropolitan
Fire London
Ambulance London
EU Parliament London
UK Parliament Sutton and Cheam
London Assembly Croydon and Sutton
List of places
UK
England
London

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Belmont is a village at the southern end of the town of Sutton in the southwest London Borough of Sutton, England. It is located off the A217 road and near to Banstead Downs in Surrey. It is a suburban development situated 10.8 miles (17.4 km) south-southwest of Charing Cross.

File:Sutton, Surrey, Greater London 3.JPG
The Chilterns art deco apartments, Brighton Road, in Belmont ward, just north of Belmont Village

History

Belmont did not exist until the late 19th-century.[1] Belmont railway station opened in May 1865 and was originally called 'California Station', named after the California Arms public house on the opposite side of Brighton Road which was built by John Gibbons in approximately 1858. The station was renamed 'Belmont' in 1875, and the name was attached to the village that emerged subsequently.[1] The original pub was heavily damaged by German bombing in the Second World War. The new building, built on the site in 1955, was known as 'The Belmont', but in 2014, under new management, reverted to its original name of The 'California'.[1] St. John's Church (C of E) stands in Queens Road, near the end of the small High Street ("Station Road").

Banstead Hospital and the emergence of Belmont

The village of Belmont strongly owed its development to the presence of Banstead Asylum.[1] Although located in the parish of Banstead, the asylum was much closer to the village and railway station of Belmont than those of Banstead. Originally known as Banstead Asylum, the hospital opened in 1877 as the third county lunatic asylum for Middlesex. Around 1890 it came under the auspices of London County Council.[1] Later a psychiatric hospital under the name Banstead Mental Hospital, then Banstead Hospital, it closed in 1986 and was largely demolished in 1989. The site is now occupied by the prison High Down.

Belmont Hospital and the South Metropolitan District School

Belmont Hospital was a psychiatric hospital. It closed and was demolished in the 1980s. The site is now occupied by the 'Belmont Heights' housing development, which is situated to the west of Brighton Road, to the north of Belmont village. Belmont Hospital opened after the Second World War. The premises had previously fulfilled a number of different institutional purposes.[1] For example, during World War II it was used as an emergency hospital for military and civilian casualties, including psychiatric cases. The oldest buildings on the site, built in the early 1850s, had originally been a large Poor Law residential 'district' school belonging to the South Metropolitan Schools District. This institution catered for pauper children from several parishes in south-east London. Along with its nearby annex site, built in 1884 in Cotswold Road (formerly Banstead Road), this establishment closed in 1902. The premises at both sites were then acquired by the Metropolitan Asylums Board. Some of the buildings of the Cotswold Road site still exist.[1]

Public institutions

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Main article: Royal Marsden Hospital

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Main article: Institute of Cancer Research
  • The Royal Marsden Hospital is a specialist cancer treatment hospital. It is an NHS Foundation Trust, and operates facilities on two sites, including one in Belmont, Sutton. The original buildings on the site were first used as the Banstead Road branch of the South Metropolitan District School, which was a 'district' school for children of workhouse inmates in south London. In the 1890s, girls were kept at the Banstead Road site and boys were kept at a site on Brighton Road, which was built in 1851. The Brighton Road site later became Belmont workhouse and Belmont Psychiatric hospital, before being demolished in the 1980s. The Banstead Road site later became a sanatorium, before the southern half of the site was acquired by Royal Marsden in 1962.
  • The Institute of Cancer Research is a public research institute and university located on two London sites and specialised in oncology.[2] It was founded in 1909 as a research department of the Royal Marsden Hospital. It established its Belmont, Sutton campus site in 1956. It joined the University of London in 2003.[3]
  • Sutton Hospital

Green Space

File:Belmont Park (geograph 3731492).jpg
Belmont Park

In addition to Belmont Park, Belmont contains two Local Nature Reserves.[4]

  • Cuddington Meadows is a Grade I Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation. The site was shown as two enclosures on the open Banstead Downs on an early nineteenth century map, and it was later part of Walnut Tree Farm, which became Cuddington Hospital in 1897. The hospital closed in 1984, and in the late 1990s the land was transferred to Sutton Council to be managed for nature conservation.[5] It is mainly chalk grassland with some scrub. Its most important feature is a variety of unusual flowering plants, including greater knapweed, lady's bedstraw and field scabious.

Just to the south of the village is Banstead Downs, which extends for around a mile further south towards neighbouring Banstead, Surrey. Banstead Downs is a large Site of Special Scientific Interest, covering 430 acres (170 ha). Banstead Golf Course is on the northern slopes.

Economy

File:London Door Company, Belmont, Sutton, Surrey, Greater London.jpg
The London Door Company in Station Road

Station Road is the main commercial street of Belmont Village, containing a range of mainly independent shops and restaurants. It runs for about half-a-mile from Belmont Station in the east to St John's Church in the west. One mile to the north lies the larger economic centre of Sutton.

Nearest places

File:Belmont War Memorial, Sutton, Surrey, Greater London.jpg
Belmont War Memorial, situated at the western end of Station Road opposite St John's Church

Transport

Belmont railway station is on the Sutton to Epsom Downs branchline and the London Victoria to Epsom Downs line. It is part of the Sutton & Mole Valley Line services of the Southern rail operating company, and is in London Travelcard Zone 5.

Former Residents

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Sparkes, Roland (2009) Belmont: A Century Ago.
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Further reading (local history)

  • Belmont: A Century Ago by Roland Sparkes, published December 2009. Paperback. ISBN 978-0-9563424-0-9. [1]. This is first book dedicated to the history of the village. The introductory chapter provides a resume of Belmont's history and development in the Victorian era and the early 20th century.
  • Articles by local historian Roland Sparkes for the Belmont Local History group (established 2009). E.g. Belmont: 1865 – A description of the Belmont area as it existed in 1865 [2], and Dr Carl Warburg, his Belmont laboratory, and his famous fever drug[3].
  • Sutton Guardian newspaper – heritage page articles and features. [4]
  • Sutton Scene (London Borough of Sutton's official newsletter), Oct/Nov 2009 edition. Feature on Belmont. [5]
  • Two booklets have been produced about the history of Belmont's churches, both now out of print: (i) Splendid the Heritage: the story of Belmont and its Methodist Church (Craig, 1965); and (ii) A Village Church: the story of the first 75 years of St John’s with Belmont Methodists (Reed, 1992).

External links

  • Belmont Local History group, [6]
  • Map of Belmont area, Streetmap website, Streetmap.co.uk [7]
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