National Library of Catalonia

Main entrance

Former hospital building where the library was inaugurated in 1940

The National Library of Catalonia (Catalan: Biblioteca de Catalunya, IPA: [biβɫiuˈtɛkə ðə kətəˈɫuɲə]) is a Catalan national library located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The mission of the Library of Catalonia is to collect, preserve, and spread Catalan bibliographic production and that related to the Catalonian linguistic area, to look after its conservation, and to spread its bibliographic heritage while maintaining the status of a center for research and consultation.

It occupies 8,820 m² and has about three million items.

History

The library was founded in 1907 as the library of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans. It was opened to the public in 1914, in the time of the Commonwealth of Catalonia, and was housed in the Palau de la Generalitat de Catalunya.

In 1914 the Commonwealth of Catalonia converted the library of the IEC into a public cultural service. In its early days, the library was situated in an area of the Palau de la Generalitat in Barcelona. In 1929, the library was acquired by the city government of Barcelona. In 1931, the 15th century buildings formerly occupied by the Hospital de Santa Creu were declared a part of Spain's historical patrimony; and the municipality of Barcelona approved the cession of large portion of the site to the Biblioteca de Catalunya.

In 1936 the first reading room, the Sala Cervantina was opened, but the project was halted because of the Civil War and not all of the necessary adaptations were completed. After the fall of Barcelona in early 1939, the library was closed until 1940. After the Spanish Civil War, in 1940, the library was renamed the Central Library by the Franco regime and moved to its new site, where it remains to this day. During the rule of Franco, the institution was turned into a general use library, which was intended to supplement the deficiencies of the public and university libraries.

In 1981 it was made the national library of Catalonia by the Llei de biblioteques ('Libraries law') of 1981, approved by the Parliament of Catalonia, conferring upon it the duties of the reception, conservation, and distribution of the Catalan legal deposit. In 1993, the Law of the Library System of Catalonia extended the institution's depository functions and helped in its modernization, which included the remodelling of the building, its reorganization and the digitization of its procedures.

During the 1990s, a major renovation project further transformed the library, including the construction of four underground levels of storage (creating more than 40 kilometres of shelf-space) and the annex building. In 1998, the library renovated the Gothic elements of its buildings and extended its space, thanks to the construction of a new services building.

Partnership with Google

In 2007, the Biblioteca de Catalunya and four more Catalan libraries agreed to join the digitization project. These libraries have begun digitizing books of theirs that are in the public domain. The digitization partnership project is intended to make these books available on the Internet. The Biblioteca de Catalunya acts as coordinator and intermediary on behalf of the other four Catalan libraries participating in the project:

• the library of the Monastery of Montserrat,
• the Public Episcopal Library of the Seminary of Barcelona,
• the Library of the Barcelona Excursionist Centre and
• the Library of the Barcelona Athenaeum.

The Catalan libraries group became the second non-Anglo-Saxon collaborator to join the Google Books Library Project, within the Google Book Search program. In 1977, the National Library of Catalonia joined another Spanish participant in the project, the Complutense University of Madrid.

Statistics

• Linear metres of shelving:
  • Free access: 1,500 m (20,000 volumes)
  • Closed stacks: 49,000 m
• Total surface area of the Biblioteca: 15,000 m2
• Total surface area of the General reading room: 2,700 m2
• Surface area of the Reserve room: 360 m2
• Seats (reading points): 229
• Total documents: 3 million (estimated)

See also

• List of libraries in Spain
• Google Book Search
• Google Books Library Project
• PADICAT
• Joan Maragall Archive
• Name and Title Authority File of Catalonia
• Llista d'encapçalaments de matèria en català

References

• Riding, Alan. "France Detects a Cultural Threat in Google," New York Times. April 11, 2005.

Further reading

• Fontbona, Francesc: Présentation dés tresors de la Unitat Gràfica de la Biblioteca de Catalunya, Barcelona, 2005.
• Jorba, Manuel: La Biblioteca de Catalunya com a biblioteca nacional, Barcelona, 1996; The Biblioteca de Catalunya national of library of Catalonia, Barcelona, 1993 ; Els 80 anys de la Biblioteca de Catalunya, Barcelona, 1994.
• Panyella, V.: The Biblioteca de Catalunya, National Library of Catalonia, Barcelona: Biblioteca de Catalunya, 1993.
• [Pere Bohigas (ed.)]: Cincuenta años de la antigua Biblioteca de Catalunya, Biblioteca Central de la Diputación de Barcelona, Barcelona 1968.
• Reis Fontanals, Marga Losantos: Biblioteca de Catalunya, 100 anys : 1907-2007, Biblioteca de Catalunya, Barcelona 2007
• Rodón, Joan: Sales de lectura de la Biblioteca de Catalunya, 1995.
• Rodríguez Parada, Concepción: Los fondos patrimoniales de la Biblioteca de Catalunya, Firenze, 2010.

External links

• Biblioteca de Catalunya
• The European Library