The Bzhedug dialect (Adyghe: Бжъэдыгъубзэ) is a dialect of Adyghe.[2] The Bzhedug dialect is spoken by the Bzhedugs who live mostly in Adygea and Biga.
Phonology
Aspirated consonants
In the Bzhedug dialect (Like the Shapsug dialect) there exist a series of aspirated consonants (/pʰ/ /tʰ/ /ʃʰ/ /t͡sʰ/ /t͡ʃʰ/ /t͡ʂʰ/ /t͡ɕʰʷ/ /kʰʷ/ /qʰ/ /qʰʷ/) that became plain consonants in other dialects :
- Bzhedug пʰ [pʰ] ↔ п [p] in other dialects :
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy and Abzakh |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
sharp |
<phonos file="папцӏэ.ogg">pʰaːpt͡sʼa</phonos> |
пʰапцӏэ |
paːpt͡sʼa |
папцӏэ |
paːpsʼa |
paːpt͡sʼa |
arrogant |
Audio file "пагэ.ogg" not found |
пʰагэ |
paːɣa |
пагэ |
paːɣa |
пагэ |
nose |
Audio file "пэ.ogg" not found |
пʰэ |
pa |
пэ |
pa |
пэ |
- Bzhedug тʰ [tʰ] ↔ т [t] in other dialects :
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy and Abzakh |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
respect |
Audio file "пхъатэ.ogg" not found |
пхъатʰэ |
pχaːta |
пхъатэ |
- |
- |
to give |
jatʰən |
етʰын |
jatən |
етын |
jatən |
етын |
to take |
ʃtʰan |
штʰэн |
ʃtan |
штэн |
ɕtan |
щтэн |
on |
tʰajt |
тʰет |
tajt |
тет |
tat |
тет |
smooth |
t͡sʼaːʂʷtʰa |
цӏашъутʰэ |
t͡sʼaːʃʷta |
цӏашъутэ |
t͡sʼaːfta |
цӏафтэ |
to afraid |
ɕtʰan |
щтʰэн |
ɕtan |
щтэн |
ɕtan |
щтэн |
pillow |
Audio file "шъхьантэ.ogg" not found |
шъхьантʰэ |
ʂħaːnta |
шъхьантэ |
ɕħaːta |
щхьатэ |
- Bzhedug цʰ [t͡sʰ] ↔ ц [t͡s] in other dialects :
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy and Abzakh |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
wool |
Audio file "цы.ogg" not found |
цʰы |
t͡sə |
цы |
t͡sə |
цы |
eyelash |
nabzət͡sʰ |
нэбзыцʰ |
nabzət͡s |
нэбзыц |
- |
- |
- Bzhedug шʰ [ʃʰ] ↔ щ [ɕ] in other Adyghe dialects :
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy and Abzakh |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
milk |
Audio file "щэ.ogg" not found |
шʰэ |
ɕa |
щэ |
ʃa |
шэ |
lame |
Audio file "лъащэ.ogg" not found |
лъашʰэ |
ɬaːɕa |
лъащэ |
ɬaːʃa |
лъашэ |
salt |
Audio file "щыгъу.ogg" not found |
шʰыгъу |
ɕəʁʷ |
щыгъу |
ʃəʁʷ |
шыгъу |
cloud |
pʃʰa |
пшʰэ |
pɕa |
пщэ |
pʃa |
пшэ |
pus |
Audio file "щыны.ogg" not found |
шʰыны |
ɕənə |
щыны |
ʃən |
шын |
accordion |
Audio file "пщынэ.ogg" not found |
пшʰынэ |
pɕəna |
пщынэ |
pʃəna |
пшынэ |
fat |
Audio file "пщэры.ogg" not found |
пшʰэры |
pɕarə |
пщэры |
pʃar |
пшэр |
wax |
Audio file "шэфы.ogg" not found |
шʰэфы |
ʃafə |
шэфы |
ʃaxʷə |
шэху |
horse |
ʃʰə |
шʰы |
ʃə |
шы |
ʃə |
шы |
sand |
Audio file "Пщахъо.ogg" not found |
пшʰахъо |
pʃaːχʷa |
пшахъо |
pʃaːχʷa |
пшахъуэ |
story |
Audio file "Пщысэ.ogg" not found |
пшʰысэ |
pʃəsa |
пшысэ |
pʃəsa |
пшысэ |
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy and Abzakh |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
spleen |
Audio file "чэ.ogg" not found |
чʰэ |
t͡ʃa |
чэ |
t͡ʃa |
чэ |
brushwood
twig |
Audio file "чы.ogg" not found |
чʰы |
t͡ʃə |
чы |
t͡ʃə |
чы |
to cough |
pst͡ʃʰan |
псчʰэн |
pst͡ʃan |
псчэн |
pst͡ʃan |
псчэн |
- Bzhedug кʰу [kʰʷ] ↔ ку [kʷ] in other dialects :
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy and Abzakh |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
middle |
Audio file "ку.ogg" not found |
кʰу |
kʷə |
ку |
kʷə |
ку |
thigh |
Audio file "ко.ogg" not found |
кʰо |
kʷa |
ко |
kʷa |
куэ |
- Bzhedug къʰ [qʰ] ↔ къ [q] in other Adyghe dialects (хъ [χ] in Shapsug) :
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy and Abzakh |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
grave |
Audio file "къэ.ogg" not found |
къʰэ |
qa |
къэ |
q͡χa |
кхъэ |
- Bzhedug къуʰ [qʰʷ] ↔ къу [qʷ] in other Adyghe dialects (хъу [χʷ] in Shapsug) :
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy and Abzakh |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
pig |
Audio file "къо.ogg" not found |
къʰо |
qʷa |
къо |
q͡χʷa |
кхъуэ |
- Bzhedug чъʰу [t͡ɕʰʷ] ↔ цу [t͡sʷ] in Temirgoy:
Word |
Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Bzhedug |
Temirgoy |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
jungle/bushy area |
t͡ɕʰʷənə |
чъʰуны |
t͡sʷənə |
цуны |
fən |
фын |
Others
In the Bzhedug dialect (like Shapsug and Abzakh) there exist a labialized voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate [t͡ɕʷ] ⟨чъу⟩ that correspond to [t͡sʷ] ⟨цу⟩ in standard Adyghe Temirgoy.
- Bzhedug чъу [t͡ɕʷ] ↔ цу [t͡sʷ] in Temirgoy:
Meaning |
Bzhedug |
Standard Adyghe |
Kabardian |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
shoe |
чъуакъэ |
t͡ɕʷaːqa |
цуакъэ |
t͡sʷaːqa |
вакъэ |
vaːqa |
to stop |
учъун |
wət͡ɕʷən |
уцун |
wət͡sʷən |
увын |
wəvən |
ox |
чъу |
t͡ɕʷʷə |
цу |
t͡sʷə |
вы |
və |
ploughshare |
чъуабзэ |
t͡ɕʷaːbza |
цуабзэ |
t͡sʷaːbza |
вабзэ |
vaːbza |
Word |
Adyghe |
Standart Kabardian |
Standard Adyghe |
Bzhedug |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
what |
ʃʷəqajblaːʁ |
шъукъеблагъ |
ʂʷəqajblaːʁ |
шъукъеблагъ |
fəqeblaːʁa |
фыкъеблагъэ |
you (plural) |
ʃʷa |
шъо |
ʃʷa |
шъо |
fa |
фэ |
stone |
məʒʷa |
мыжъо |
məʐʷa |
мыжъо |
məva |
мывэ |
Grammar differences
Noun instrumental case
In the instrumental case the noun has the suffix мджэ (-md͡ʒa) or -джэ (-d͡ʒa) unlike other dialects (e.g. Abzakh, Temirgoy and Standard Kabardian) that has the suffix -мкӏэ (-mt͡ʃʼa) or -кӏэ (-t͡ʃʼa) :
- Bzhedug dialect: Кӏалэр Адыгэбзэджэ мэгущаӏэ ↔ Standard: Кӏалэр Адыгэбзэкӏэ мэгущаӏэ - "The boy speaks (using) Adyghe language".
- Bzhedug dialect: Къэлэмымджэ сэтхэ ↔ Standard: Къэлэмымкӏэ сэтхэ - "I write (using) with the pencil".
Future tense Suffix ~т (~t)
In this dialect the future tense suffix is ~эт (~at) and in some cases ~ыт (~ət) unlike standard Adyghe (Temirgoy) that has the Suffix ~щт (~ɕt).
Word |
Adyghe |
Standart Kabardian |
Standard Adyghe |
Bzhedug |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
I will go |
səkʷʼaɕt |
сыкӏощт |
səkʷʼat |
сыкIот |
səkʷʼanəwɕ |
сыкӏуэнущ |
you will go |
wəkʷʼaɕt |
укӏощт |
wəkʷʼat |
укIот |
wəkʷʼanəwɕ |
укӏуэнущ |
he will go |
makʷʼaɕt |
мэкӏощт |
makʷʼat |
мэкIот |
makʷʼanəwɕ |
мэкӏуэнущ |
we will go |
təkʷʼaɕt |
тыкӏощт |
ʂʷəkʷʼat |
тыкIот |
dəkʷʼanəwɕ |
дыкӏуэнущ |
you (plural) will go |
ʃʷəkʷaɕt |
шъукӏощт |
ʃʷəkʷʼat |
шъукӏот |
fəkʷʼanəwɕ |
фыкӏуэнущ |
they will go |
maːkʷatəɕx |
макӏощтых |
maːkʷʼatəx |
макӏотых |
jaːkʷʼanəwɕ |
якӏуэнущ |
Unique words
Word |
Adyghe |
Standart Kabardian |
Standard Adyghe |
Bzhedug |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
IPA |
Cyrillic |
what |
səd |
сыд |
ʂəd |
шъыд |
sət |
сыт |
how |
sədaw |
сыдэу |
ʂədaw |
шъыдэу |
dawə |
дауэ |
why |
sədaː |
сыда |
ʃta |
штэ |
сыт щхьэкӏэ |
sət ɕħat͡ʃʼa |
how much |
səd fadəjz |
сыдфэдиз |
ʂədfadəjz |
шъыдфэдиз |
|
|
he/she/it |
aɕ |
ащ |
аj |
ай |
- |
- |
near |
daʑ |
дэжь |
daj |
дэй |
dajʒ |
деж |
self |
jaʑ |
ежь |
jaj |
ей |
jazə |
езы |
Sample text
Зэгорэм тыгъэжьымрэ тыгъэмрэ зынэкъокъугъэх анахь лъэшыр язэрымгъашIэу. А лъэхъан дэдэм тефэу зекIогорэ кIакIо техъуагъэу гъогум къэрыкIоу алъэгъугъ ыкIи рахъухьагъ тIумэ язэу гъогурыкIом икIакIо зыщэзгъэхэрыр анахь лъэшэу алъытэнэу. Ай дэй тыгъэжьым зэрыфэлъэкIэу къэпщэу къыригъэжьагъ. Ау ар нахь лъэшэу къепщы къэсми, гъогурыкIом кIакIом нахь зыкIоцIищахьытыгъэ. Ыужыпкъэм тыгъежьыр иморад ыужы икIыжьын фае хъугъэ.ЕтIуанэ тыгъэр къэпсыгъ, гъогурыкIор фабэ къэпагъ, ыкIи ай лъэпэтэу кIакIор зыщихыгъ. Аущтэу тыгъэжьым тыгъэр ей нахьыри нахьы зэрылъэшыр къэгурымэIомэ мэхъонэу хъугъэ.[3]
See also
External links
References
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Bzhedug dialect (French)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.