Caroline Whitting
Caroline Whitting (c. 1834 – ?) was a nineteenth-century New Zealand murderer, who was found guilty of killing three of her children through drowning in 1872 and sentenced to death. However, as with Phoebe Veitch in 1883, her sentence was commuted and she was instead sentenced to life imprisonment.
Drowning (October 1872)
While Carl and Caroline Whitting were born in Berlin, Prussia, there are no further details about the circumstances of her birth, emigration to New Zealand and marriage. On 25 October 1872, Mrs Caroline Whitting (38) left her Southland farm with three of her children- Fred (an infant), John and Carl. Mrs Whitting then took her three sons to the Waikiwi river, where she drowned them and may have tried to drown herself, but was later found in adjacent bush. Another daughter (unnamed) escaped from her mother and told an older sister (16) about the circumstances, leading to a police search for the bodies of the children and to investigate whether Mrs Whitting herself was still alive. The bodies were located in the water and Mrs Whitting was taken into police custody. A subsequent inquest turned up a judgement of 'wilful murder' on the same day. However, it seems to have been mitigated to life imprisonment[1]
Other than an acrimonious marital relationship and possible family violence between Carl and Caroline Whitting according to the testimony of their surviving children, few other records survive about the subsequent case, her conviction and fate after her sentence to capital punishment was commuted to life imprisonment. Mrs Whitting was escorted into Dunedin Gaol on 24 November 1872 [2]
Comparing the case with those of Phoebe Veitch and Minnie Dean, Bronwyn Daley has suggested that the courts were willing to recognise that circumstances could lead to maternal madness and may have prompted commuted sentences, while Dean's death sentence was related to an element of deliberation absent in the Veitch, Whitting and other cases of parental child murder [3]
See also
References
Further reading
- Bronwyn Daley: "Criminal Conversations: Gender and narratives of child murder in nineteenth century New Zealand" in Caroline Daley and Julie Montgomerie (eds) The Gendered Kiwi: Auckland: Auckland University Press: 1999.
