Chapareillan

Chapareillan
Place de la mairie
Coat of arms
Chapareillan
Location within Rhône-Alpes region Chapareillan
Coordinates:
Country	France
Region	Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
Department	Isère
Arrondissement	Grenoble
Canton	Le Touvet
Intercommunality	Haut Grésivaudan
Government
• Mayor (2014–2020)	Martine Venturini-Cochet
Area1	30 km2 (10 sq mi)
Population (2011)2	2,792
• Density	93/km2 (240/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code	38075 / 38530
Elevation	245–1,934 m (804–6,345 ft) (avg. 285 m or 935 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. 2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Chapareillan is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France. It is situated on the Gresivaudan valley on the border of the department: Savoie: This little town is exactly at 16 kilometers from Chambéry (Nord-Est) and 42 from Grenoble (North-Est). Chapareillan is under the mount Granier and is encompassed more than 3000 hectares.

History

Several discoveries demonstrated this location was occupied a long time ago : Flints was carved on the Granier dating from the ancient Neolithic period, Gallo-Roman remains. In the middle age, the parish of Chapareillan was mandated by Bellecombe. On the border of the territory of the counts of Savoie and futures Dauphins, Bellecombe was a strategic issue and became more powerful result on several confrontations with its neighbors. The family of the lords of Bellecombe is attested in 1073. They are more located in Savoie. But, feudal often change their opinion and the possession of Bellecombe by a family of Savoie : Briançon in 1206 doesn’t mean that the count of Savoy will indefinitely occupied the territory. The Dauphin apparel ceded the manor of Varces (France) at Aymeric of Briançon in return of Bellecombe in 1287. Meanwhile, the collapse of the mountain: the Granier in 1248 disrupted the landscape and maybe contributed to separate lordship land of Savoie. Clavis Totios Delphanitus is an expression used to say that to possess Bellecombe is to have the key of all the Dauphine. Dauphine is the former Viennese province located in the Southeast quarter of the current France. The counts of Savoie undertake the construction of the castles of Les Marches (now a small town close to Bellecombe) in 1300 to counteract the loss of Bellecombe. Then, the desiny of Bellecombe-Chapareillan will diverge from its neighbors of Savoie. In 1349, the Dauphine is sold to France by the first Dauphin and Chapareillan-Bellecombe became definitely French. The counts and then the dukes of Savoie had lot of conflits with France, their powerful neighbor. They were kings of Sardinia and then Italia. They compensated their weaknesses by a policy balance. This region experienced many wars. The fortress of Montmelian, considered as one of the most powerful in Europe, undergoes several attacks. Savoie had advantaged of the situation of Chapareillan that are in the “good side” :

• Occupation of Savoie, and attack of Montmelian by Francois the first in 1536
• In 1563, the duke of Savoie, who had spread his territory beyond alpes, judges prudent to transferring his capital from Chambéry to Turin ( at the beggening of the 18th century he became king of Sardinia)
• Construction of a castle at Barraux by the duke of Savoie in 1597. After its completion, Lesdiguière captured the castle for the king of France : Henri IV
• In 1600, the same king Henri IV attacked and success to have Montmélian
• In 1630, Montmélian was again attacked by Louis XIII
• Attack and seizure of Montmélian by the army of Louis XIV in 1692
• New occupation of Savoie by France and complete dismantling of the Montmelian’s fortress in 1706.
• Strict occupation and somethimes crual of Savoie by Spanish, French allies from 1743 to 1749. People from Bellecombe-Chapareillan have to accommodate and ensure subsistence troops but they were compensated.
• Invasion of Savoie by Montesquiou’s troops, stationed in Fort-Barraux (caste of Barraux) in 1792. Attachment of Savoie and creation of the department Mont-Blanc which including Les Marches, Myan and other nearby cities.

The town of Chapareillan was created in 1790 by the attachment of Bellecombe and Chapareillan parishes. It is belonging to the Isere department.

Limits

Limits are sometimes difficult to define, and are often disputed:

• In 1796, during the Revolution, Chapareillan expand thanks by the affiliation of the Blards, Hauterive hamlets but also expand on the south from the Cernon to Cotagnier. These belong to Barraux before.
• In 1870, Grand-Crozet and Petit-Crozet Hamlet are attached at Chapareillan. The current names are Saint-Marcel-d’en-haut and Saint-Marcel-d’en-Bas.
• Since the Middle-age, the Alpette territory belongs at the Bellecombe residents.
• The Isere region is stemmed in the 19th century. It is widespread in the valley according to the river rising. Some islands was appeared on which grow trees and farmers bring the cattle there to graze. In a subsistence farmer, this means to be rich. But, river fluctuations affect it. This encourages residents of Villard-Benoit, the Molettes and Saint-Helene to demand the use.

Population

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1793	1,541	—
1800	1,749	+13.5%
1821	2,327	+33.0%
1831	2,541	+9.2%
1841	2,504	−1.5%
1851	2,612	+4.3%
1861	2,438	−6.7%
1872	2,487	+2.0%
1881	2,331	−6.3%
1891	2,137	−8.3%
1901	2,061	−3.6%
1911	1,835	−11.0%
1921	1,642	−10.5%
1931	1,489	−9.3%
1946	1,401	−5.9%
1954	1,320	−5.8%
1962	1,300	−1.5%
1968	1,302	+0.2%
1975	1,418	+8.9%
1982	1,682	+18.6%
1990	1,898	+12.8%
1999	2,147	+13.1%
2011	2,792	+30.0%

See also

• Communes of the Isère department

References

• INSEE statistics

• French Wikipedia page of the town Chapareillan