Cherdyn, Perm Krai
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| Cherdyn (English) Чердынь (Russian) Чердін (Komi) |
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.svg) Location of Perm Krai in Russia |
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 Cherdyn
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| Administrative status (as of June 2014) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Perm Krai[1] |
| Administrative district | Cherdynsky District[1] |
| Administrative center of | Cherdynsky District[1] |
| Municipal status (as of March 2013) | |
| Municipal district | Cherdynsky Municipal District[2] |
| Urban settlement | Cherdynskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Administrative center of | Cherdynsky Municipal District,[2] Cherdynskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 4,920 inhabitants[3] |
| Time zone | YEKT (UTC+05:00)[4] |
| Postal code(s)[5] | 618601, 618603 |
| [[:commons:Category:{{#property:Commons category}}|Cherdyn]] on Wikimedia Commons | |
Cherdyn (Russian: Че́рдынь; Komi: Чердін) is a town and the administrative center of Cherdynsky District in Perm Krai, Russia, located on the Kolva River. Population: 4,920 (2010 Census);[3] 5,756 (2002 Census);[6] 6,535 (1989 Census).[7]
Contents
History
Local authorities advertise Cherdyn to tourists as the capital of the ancient Principality of Great Perm.[8][9] This information is based on an 1835 study by the Swedish historian A.M. Strinnholm[10] as well as the 1815 study by the Russian historian Nikolay Karamzin.[11] Strinnholm mentioned that the last trip of Scandinavian Vikings to Bjarmia (aka the Great Perm) happened in 1222. Four well-equipped ships of Haakon IV of Norway burned Bjarmian towns to the ground.
After that, the fur trade between the Great Perm and Western Europe was possible only via the Novgorod Republic, which became the suzerain of all Northern Russia. After the centralization of Russian principalities by the Grand Dukes of Moscow, the princes of Perm, who already had Russian names, became their vassals as well as answering to Novgorod. Great Perm–Cherdyn supplied a great deal of silver paid as tribute of Moscow, which in turn paid the Golden Horde. Tension between Moscow and Novgorod led to a war of 1471, after which the defeated Novgorod Republic was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The next year (1472) Cherdyn, Pokcha, and all other towns of Great Perm also became the prizes of conquest. The main fort of the Muscovites was built in Pokcha, located 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) to the north of Cherdyn. It was burned by indigenous tribes in the beginning of the 16th century.
Cherdyn, as well as all of Perm, was still governed by the dynasty of local Great Perm princes until 1505. After that, the Grand Duke sent a governor from Moscow, and he chose Cherdyn as his residence. In 1535, Cherdyn was granted town rights. It was the starting point of an early river route to Siberia. Following the establishment of the Babinov Road—a more traveled overland route—the town quickly lost its significance.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Cherdyn serves as the administrative center of Cherdynsky District, to which it is directly subordinated.[1] As a municipal division, the town of Cherdyn is incorporated within Cherdynsky Municipal District as Cherdynskoye Urban Settlement.[2]
Climate
Cherdyn has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc), with very cold winters and warm summers. Precipitation is moderate and is somewhat higher in summer and fall than at other times of the year.
| Climate data for Cherdyn | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −17.3 (0.9) |
−14.2 (6.4) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
1.0 (33.8) |
8.0 (46.4) |
14.3 (57.7) |
17.4 (63.3) |
13.7 (56.7) |
7.7 (45.9) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
0.27 (32.49) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 49.7 (1.957) |
33.8 (1.331) |
35.8 (1.409) |
44.7 (1.76) |
52.8 (2.079) |
66.5 (2.618) |
86.2 (3.394) |
72.9 (2.87) |
69.3 (2.728) |
72.5 (2.854) |
73.0 (2.874) |
59.3 (2.335) |
716.5 (28.209) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0mm) | 14.3 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.8 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 12.1 | 14.5 | 15.3 | 15.3 | 140.7 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 38 | 74 | 144 | 195 | 271 | 294 | 289 | 225 | 120 | 51 | 36 | 14 | 1,751 |
| Source: NOAA (1961-1990)[12] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
In 1934, during the times of Stalin, Cherdyn was the place to which poet Osip Mandelstam was sentenced to internal exile with his wife Nadezhda.
References
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Law #416-67
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Law #1735-355
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ "Article on Great Perm"
- ↑ "Article on Cherdyn"
- ↑ A. M. Strinnholm. Svenska folkets historia fran aldesta till narvarande tider, 1835.
- ↑ N. M. Karamzin, History of the Russian State, 1815.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
Sources
- Законодательное собрание Пермской области. Закон №416-67 от 28 февраля 1996 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Пермского края», в ред. Закона №504-ПК от 9 июля 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Пермской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Пермского края"». Вступил в силу с момента опубликования. Опубликован: "Звезда", №38, 12 марта 1996 г. (Legislative Assembly of Perm Oblast. Law #416-67 of February 28, 1996 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Perm Krai, as amended by the Law #504-PK of July 9, 2015 On Amending the Law of Perm Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Perm Krai". Effective as of the moment of publication.).
- Законодательное собрание Пермской области. Закон №1735-355 от 10 ноября 2004 г. «Об утверждении границ и о наделении статусом муниципальных образований Чердынского района Пермского края», в ред. Закона №175-ПК от 7 марта 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Пермской области, Коми-Пермяцкого автономного округа об утверждении границ и о наделении статусом муниципальных образований Пермского края». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Бюллетень Законодательного Собрания и администрации Пермской области", №12, I часть, 9 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Perm Oblast. Law #1735-355 of November 10, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Status to the Municipal Formations of Cherdynsky District of Perm Krai, as amended by the Law #175-PK of March 7, 2013 On Amending Various Laws of Perm Oblast, Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug on Establishing the Borders and on Granting the Status to the Municipal Formations of Perm Krai. Effective as of the day which is ten days following the day of the official publication.).
Further reading
- Brumfield, William. Cherdyn: Architectural Heritage in Photographs, (Moscow: Tri Kvadrata, 2007) ISBN 978-5-94607-074-4 (in English and in Russian)
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