Cherkasy Oblast

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Cherkasy Oblast
Черкаська область
Cherkas’ka oblast’
Oblast
Flag of Cherkasy Oblast
Flag		 Coat of arms of Cherkasy Oblast
Coat of arms
Nickname(s): Черкащина (Cherkashchyna)
Cherkasy in Ukraine.svg
Country  Ukraine
Established January 7, 1954
Administrative center Cherkasy
Largest cities Cherkasy, Uman, Smila, Zolotonosha
Government
 • Governor Yuriy Tkachenko[1][2]
 • Oblast council 76 seats
 • Chairperson Valentyna Kovalenko
Area
 • Total 20,900 km2 (8,100 sq mi)
Area rank Ranked 18th
Population (2006)
 • Total 1,335,064
 • Rank Ranked 15th
 • Density 64/km2 (170/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Official language(s) Ukrainian
 • Average salary UAH 817 (2006)
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST) EEST (UTC+3)
Postal code 18-20xxx
Area code +380 47
ISO 3166 code UA-71
Vehicle registration CA
Raions 20
Cities (total)
— Regional cities		 25
6
Urban-type settlements 34
Villages 838
FIPS 10-4 UP01
Website www.oda.ck.ua
www.rada.gov.ua

Cherkasy Oblast (Ukrainian: Черкаська область, translit. Cherkas’ka oblast’; also referred to as Черкащина, Cherkashchyna) is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Cherkasy.

Geography

With 20,900 km², the Cherkasy oblast is the 18th largest oblast of Ukraine, comprising about 3.5% of the area of the country. The south flowing Dnieper River with the hilly western bank and the plain eastern bank divides the oblast into two unequal parts. The larger western part belongs to the Dnieper Upland. The low-lying eastern part of the oblast used to be subject to the frequent Dnieper flooding before the flow of the river became controlled by multiple dams of Hydroelectric Power Plants constructed along the river in the 20th century.

The Ros River near Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi.

The oblast extends for 245 km from south-west to north-east, and for 150 km from north to south. The northernmost point of the oblast is located is near the village of Kononivka in the Drabivskyi Raion (district), the southernmost point near the village of Kolodyste in the Talnivskyi Raion, the westernmost point near the village of Korytnya in the Zhashkivskyi Raion, and the easternmost point near the village of Stetsivka in the Chyhyrynsky Raion. The geometric centre of the oblast is located near the village Zhuravky of the Horodyshchenskyi Raion. The oblast borders the Kiev Oblast to the north, the Kirovohrad Oblast to the south, the Poltava Oblast to the east, and the Vinnytsya Oblast to the west.

History

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Main article: History of Cherkasy Oblast

The Cherkasy Oblast was created as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic on January 7, 1954. The oblast's territory was the major cities of Cherkasy, Smila and Uman, their corresponding raions (districts), as well as 30 former raions of the Vinnytsia, Kiev, Kirovohrad and Poltava Oblasts.

Archaeological discoveries, have shown that people have inhabited the valley of the Dnieper (Dnipro) River since the times immemorial. The oldest objects excavated on the territory of the region date back to the Stone Age – the Palaeolithic period.

Administrative divisions

Map of Cherkasy Oblast.

Cherkasy Oblast is administratively subdivided into 20 raions (districts), as well as 6 cities (municipalities) which are directly subordinate to the oblast government: Vatutine, Zolotonosha, Kaniv, Smila, and the administrative center of the oblast, Cherkasy. There are a total of 25 cities, 34 towns, and 838 villages.

The following data incorporates the number of each type of administrative divisions of Cherkasy Oblast:

  • Administrative Center—1 (Cherkasy);
  • Raions—20;
  • City raions—2;
  • Settlements—855, including:
    • Villages—824;
    • Cities/Towns—31, including:
      • Urban-type settlements—15;
      • Cities—16, including:
        • Cities of oblast subordinance—6;
        • Cities of raion subordinance—10;
  • Selsovets—525.

The local administration of the oblast is controlled by the Cherkasy Oblast Rada. The governor of the oblast is the Cherkasy Oblast Rada speaker, appointed by the President of Ukraine.

Raions

Map of the raions (districts) of Cherkasy Oblast.

There are 20 raions (districts) in the oblast:

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  1. Cherkasy Raion
  2. Chornobay Raion
  3. Chyhyryn Raion
  4. Drabiv Raion
  5. Horodyshche Raion
  6. Kamyanka Raion
  7. Kaniv Raion
  8. Katerynopil Raion
  9. Khrystynivka Raion
  10. Korsun-Shevchenkivskyi Raion
  11. Lysianka Raion
  12. Mankivka Raion
  13. Monastyryshche Raion
  14. Shpola Raion
  15. Smila Raion
  16. Talne Raion
  17. Uman Raion
  18. Zhashkiv Raion
  19. Zolotonosha Raion
  20. Zvenyhorodka Raion

Demographics

A church in Subotiv near Chyhyryn, the birthplace of Ukrainian Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky.
The Sviato-Uspenskyi Cathedral in Zolotonosha.

The current estimated population is 1,335,064 (as of 2006).

According to the 2001 Ukrainian census, the oblast's population is almost equally divided between the urban and rural areas (53.7% and 46.3%, respectively).[3] The demographic situation in this largely agricultural territory is somewhat complicated by population ageing.[4]

By ethnic composition, Ukrainians represent the overwhelming majority of the oblast's population (93.6%).[5] Ethnic Russians are the distant second group of population (5.4%), and are concentrated mainly in the city of Cherkasy.

The oblast is primarily Ukrainophone.

Age structure

0-14 years: 13.4% Steady (male 87,557/female 82,340)
15-64 years: 69.1% Decrease (male 417,426/female 457,390)
65 years and over: 17.5% Steady (male 72,835/female 147,711) (2013 official)

Median age

total: 41.7 years Increase
male: 38.4 years Increase
female: 45.0 years Increase (2013 official)

Economy

The economy of the Cherkasy Oblast is largely dominated by agriculture. While the winter wheat and sugar beets are the main products grown in the oblast, barley, corn, tobacco and hemp are also grown. Cattle breeding is also important.

The industry is mainly concentrated in Cherkasy, the oblast's capital and the largest city. A chemical industry was developed in the city in late 1960s in addition to machine building, furniture making and agricultural processing.

Attractions

Nomenclature

Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially referred to as "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласний центр, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Cherkasy is the center of the Cherkas’ka oblast’ (Cherkasy Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Cherkasy Oblast, Cherkashchyna.

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See also: Romanization of Ukrainian

See also

References

  1. ↑ Turchynov appoints Heads of Cherkasy, Chernivtsi and Khmelnytsky regions, Kyiv Post (18 March)
  2. ↑ (Ukrainian) Poroshenko appointed two new governors, Ukrayinska Pravda (9 September 2014)
  3. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  • (1972) Icтopia мicт i ciл Укpaїнcькoї CCP - Черкаськa область (History of Towns and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR - Cherkasy Oblast), Kiev. (Ukrainian)

External links

  • oda.ck.ua—Official website of Cherkasy Oblast Administration (Ukrainian)/(Russian)/(English)
  • ukrainebiz.com—Cherkasy oblast: facts and figures

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