Citroën Axel

Citroën Axel
Citroën Axel
Overview
Manufacturer	Citroën
Also called	Oltcit Club
Production	1984–1990
Assembly	Craiova, Romania
Body and chassis
Class	Supermini (B)
Body style	3-door hatchback
Layout	FF layout
Powertrain
Engine	652 cc air-cooled H2; 1129 cc air-cooled H4; 1299 cc air-cooled H4;
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,370 mm (93 in)
Length	3,732 mm (146.9 in)
Width	1,538 mm (60.6 in)
Height	1,430 mm (56.3 in)
Curb weight	875 kg (1,929 lb)
Chronology
Predecessor	Citroën Ami; Citroën Dyane
Successor	Citroën AX

The Citroën Axel was a supermini automobile produced between 1984 and 1990 and developed in co-operation by Citroën of France and Oltcit, a joint venture company with the Romanian government.

The Axel was a rebadged version of the small Oltcit Club hatchback. Four specifications were available: Axel Club, Axel 11, Axel 11R and Axel 12 TRS. They were powered by the air-cooled engines from the Citroën GS/GSA and an air-cooled flat-twin engine from the Citroën Visa. The Axel Club was only available in Romania.^{[citation needed]}

The five-door Citroën Visa and the three-door Axel look very similar, but there is no part interchangeable between these two Citroën models.

Development history

From 1965 Robert Opron worked on the Citroën G-mini prototype and project EN101, a projected replacement for the 2CV using that car's flat twin engine. It was supposed to be launched in 1970. The advanced space-efficient designs, with very compact exterior dimensions and an aerodynamic drag co-efficient C_d of 0.32, were axed because of adverse feedback from potential clients.^[1] The more conservative final design has a Cd of 0.36 (for the Axel 12 TRS, 0.37 for the Axel 11).^[2]

Citroën Axel 11

The early seventies Citroën Prototype Y, intended to replace the 2CV-based Citroën Ami which dated back to 1960, was originally developed in co-operation with Fiat. It built on the lessons from the Citroën G-mini and EN101 projects. It used the then new and advanced Fiat 127 platform, featuring a transversely mounted engine driving the front wheels, with an end-on gearbox layout that Fiat had pioneered in the 1960s. When cooperation with Fiat ended, a new Citroën-designed platform was planned. After the takeover of Citroën by Peugeot in the wake of the 1974 oil crisis, the renamed "Projet VD (Voiture Diminuée)" became the Citroën Visa, incorporating the floor pan of the Peugeot 104 and using the advanced 104 engine with the (under-engine) transmission and chassis.^[3] It was the first new model under the platform-sharing policy of PSA Peugeot Citroën that continues today. The earlier Citroën LN was no more than a facelift of the Peugeot 104Z "Shortcut" with a re-engine and transmission from the Citroën Dyane.

Eventually, in 1981, the original Citroën platform design from "Project Y" emerged as an Oltcit in Romania, using a Citroën Visa flat-twin engine and Citroën GS-based gearbox, and Citroën GS flat-four engine and gearbox. Beginning in July 1984, it was also sold in Western Europe as the Citroën Axel.^[2] Citroën was hoping to recoup money that Citroën had invested in Romania that the communist government couldn't repay. The Axel had been scheduled for an earlier introduction, but Oltcit had been unable to provide either the quality or the quantity expected by their French partners. This project was problematic for Citroën due to productivity and build quality issues and 60,184 cars were made, even though the base models were priced below the 2CV in Western Europe. The Axel was never sold in the UK.

When launched in France, Citroën acknowledged that the Axel was a competitor of their Visa. However, that the Axel only had three doors and was of a simpler, more robust design was considered enough to offset any possible loss of (already shrinking) Visa sales.^[4] The four-cylinder Axel 11 was 10 percent cheaper than a two-cylinder Visa in the French market. It also had a particularly low rear loading height, which, with its sturdy, basic construction, contributed to being particularly well received by farmers and denizens of smaller towns.^[4]

Models

Citroën Axel Club
Citroën Axel 11 R Enterprise (1129 cc)
Citroën Axel 11 R (1129 cc)
Citroën Axel 12 TRS (1299 cc)
Citroën Axel 12 TRS Enterprise (1299 cc)

Specifications

Version	Engine	Power.	Max speed.
Club	652 cc flat-2 air-cooled	34 hp (25 kW) @ 5250 r/min	75 mph (121 km/h)
11R	1129 cc flat-4 air-cooled	57 hp (43 kW) @ 6250 r/min	93 mph (150 km/h)
12 TRS	1299 cc flat-4 air-cooled	61 PS (45 kW; 60 hp) @ 5500 r/min	98 mph (158 km/h)