Claiborne Parish, Louisiana

Claiborne Parish, Louisiana
The Claiborne Parish Courthouse was built in 1860 in Greek style. It served as a point of departure for Confederate troops.
Location in the U.S. state of Louisiana
Louisiana's location in the U.S.
Founded	March 13, 1828
Named for	William C. C. Claiborne
Seat	Homer
Largest town	Homer
Area
• Total	767 sq mi (1,987 km2)
• Land	755 sq mi (1,955 km2)
Population
• (2010)	17,195
• Density	23/sq mi (9/km²)
Congressional district	4th
Time zone	Central: UTC-6/-5

Claiborne Parish (French: Paroisse de Claiborne) is a parish located in the northwestern section of the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish was formed in 1828, and was named for the first Louisiana governor, William C. C. Claiborne. As of the 2010 census, the population was 17,195. The parish seat is Homer.

History

John Murrell moved his family from Arkansas to the Flat Lick Bayou area about 6 miles west of present-day Homer in 1818, and they became the first known non-natives to permanently settle in Claiborne Parish. As more settlers moved into the area, the Murrell house served as a church, school and post office. When the state legislature created Claiborne Parish out of Natchitoches Parish in 1828, all governmental business, including court, began being held in the Murrell house. This continued until the new parish's police jury selected Russellville (now a ghost town located northeast of Athens) as the parish seat. As the population began swelling in what was then the western part of the parish, the seat was moved to Overton (another modern ghost town found near Minden) in 1836, because of its position at the head of the navigable portion of Dorcheat Bayou. Due to flooding and health concerns, the parish seat was moved to Athens in 1846, but in 1848 fire destroyed the courthouse and all the records in it. Soon thereafter the Claiborne Police Jury chose the present site for the parish seat, which came to be named, Homer.

John Ardis Cawthon of Louisiana Tech University studied several Claiborne Parish ghost towns in his book of local history, Ghost Towns of Old Claiborne. He recalls the words of a relative, George Washington Dance, "When the courthouse moved, the glory departed. The village is now an old worn-out field."

Much of the area history is preserved in the Herbert S. Ford Memorial Museum, located across from the parish courthouse in Homer.

Government and infrastructure

Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections operates the David Wade Correctional Center in an unincorporated section of Claiborne Parish near Homer and Haynesville.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the parish has a total area of 767 square miles (1,990 km²), of which 755 square miles (1,960 km²) is land and 13 square miles (34 km²) (1.6%) is water.

Major highways

• Future Interstate 69
• U.S. Highway 79
• U.S. Highway 167
• Louisiana Highway 2
• Louisiana Highway 9

Adjacent parishes

• Columbia County, Arkansas (northwest)
• Union County, Arkansas (northeast)
• Union Parish (east)
• Lincoln Parish (southeast)
• Bienville Parish (south)
• Webster Parish (west)

National protected area

• Kisatchie National Forest (part)

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1830	1,764		—
1840	6,185		250.6%
1850	7,471		20.8%
1860	16,848		125.5%
1870	20,240		20.1%
1880	18,837		−6.9%
1890	23,312		23.8%
1900	23,029		−1.2%
1910	25,050		8.8%
1920	27,885		11.3%
1930	32,285		15.8%
1940	29,855		−7.5%
1950	25,063		−16.1%
1960	19,407		−22.6%
1970	17,024		−12.3%
1980	17,095		0.4%
1990	17,405		1.8%
2000	16,851		−3.2%
2010	17,195		2.0%
Est. 2014	16,412		−4.6%
U.S. Decennial Census 1790-1960 1900-1990 1990-2000 2010-2013

As of the census of 2000, there were 16,851 people, 6,270 households, and 4,338 families residing in the parish. The population density was 22 people per square mile (9/km²). There were 7,815 housing units at an average density of 10 per square mile (4/km²). The racial makeup of the parish was 51.80% White, 47.37% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.08% from other races, and 0.48% from two or more races. 0.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 6,270 households out of which 29.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.10% were married couples living together, 17.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.80% were non-families. 28.50% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the parish the population was spread out with 25.60% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 26.90% from 25 to 44, 22.30% from 45 to 64, and 17.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 99.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.40 males.

The median income for a household in the parish was $25,344, and the median income for a family was $32,225. Males had a median income of $29,161 versus $20,102 for females. The per capita income for the parish was $13,825. About 21.40% of families and 26.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.30% of those under age 18 and 23.20% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

With a narrow majority of African Americans in the population, Claiborne Parish in the years after the civil rights movement was primarily Democratic in political complexion. In 1988, Vice President George Herbert Walker Bush prevailed in Claiborne Parish with 3,756 votes (53.6 percent). Governor Michael S. Dukakis of Massachusetts trailed with 3,158 votes (45.1 percent). In 1996, U.S. President Bill Clinton of neighboring Arkansas, obtained 3,609 votes (53.6 percent) in Claiborne Parish. Republican Bob Dole of Kansas polled 2,500 votes (37.1 percent).

However, by 2008, U.S. Senator John S. McCain of Arizona easily carried the parish in his losing race to Barack H. Obama. McCain polled 3,750 votes (54.8 percent) to Obama's 3,025 votes (44.2 percent). In 2012, Mitt Romney carried the parish, with 3,649 votes (54.2 percent), nearly identical to the McCain tally four years earlier. President Obama received 3,014 votes (44.8 percent), or .6 of 1 percent greater than his earlier tabulation.

Education

Claiborne Parish School Board serves the parish.

Claiborne Academy is a private institution in an unincorporated area in the parish, near Haynesville.

Communities

Towns

• Haynesville
• Homer

Villages

• Athens
• Lisbon
• Junction City

Unincorporated communities

• Arizona
• Lake Claiborne
• Russellville
• Summerfield

Notable residents

Prominent Claiborne Parish residents include or have included:

• Alfred Goodwill, landowner in Claiborne Parish who in 1880 established the largest general store in Louisiana in Minden in Webster Parish

• T. H. Harris, pioneer educator and state education superintendent from 1908 to 1940, was born in the Arizona community in Claiborne Parish in 1869, the son of a Baptist minister. Another Claiborne Parish educator, John Sparks Patton, once ran against Harris for education superintendent and himself served on the Louisiana Public Service Commission until he was unseated in 1942 by Jimmie Davis. Patton is remembered for his crusade to establish taxpayer-funded school textbooks.

• Andrew R. Johnson was a state senator from Claiborne and Bienville parishes from 1916 to 1924. He was previously the mayor of Homer and introduced electric lights and water works to the community.

• John Sidney Killen, state representative for Claiborne Parish in 1871; placed in Webster Parish with its creation from Claiborne Parish, had farm and cattle operation north of Minden
• Joe LeSage, state senator for Caddo Parish from 1968 to 1972; Shreveport attorney born in Homer

• James T. McCalman, state senator from Claiborne and Bienville parishes from 1960 to 1964.

• Enos C. McClendon, Jr., judge of the Louisiana 26th Judicial District Court based in Minden; Homer native.

• Danny Roy Moore of Homer and later Arcadia in Bienville Parish is a former member of the Louisiana State Senate, with service from 1964 to 1968.

• Dave L. Pearce, Louisiana Commissioner of Agriculture and Forestry from 1952-1956 and 1960-1976, was born in Claiborne Parish in 1904 but later served in the state legislature from West Carroll Parish.

• Larry Sale, sheriff of Claiborne Parish from 1936 to 1944; bodyguard at the assassination of Huey Pierce Long,k Jr.

• Richard Stalder, former secretary of the Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections, is a former warden at David Wade Correctional Center in Homer.

• David Wade, Lieutenant General of the United States Air Force, former commander of Barksdale Air Force Base, state corrections director and adjutant general, was reared in the Holly Springs community of Claiborne Parish.

• Loy F. Weaver, a retired banker who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1976 to 1984.

• Pinkie C. Wilkerson represented Claiborne Parish in the state House from 1992, having defeated Kenneth Volentine in the 1991 general election. She served until her death in a six-vehicle accident in Bossier City on August 1, 2000. Volentine was subsequently elected sheriff in 1995 and 1999.

Gallery

• 

  Claiborne Parish Library in Homer, Louisiana

• 

  Begun by Ruth Gantt Prince (1928-2014) and owned and operated by Daniel and Caitlin Prince, the Port-au-Prince Restaurant on Louisiana Highway 146 at Lake Claiborne specializes in catfish. The Princes are opening a second similar restaurant on Cross Lake in Shreveport.

• 

  Rolled hay in a farm field north of Athens (May 2010)

• 

  Typical of parts of rural Louisiana is this abandoned house in western Claiborne Parish.

• 

  Claiborne Parish Sheriff's Department in Homer, Louisiana

• 

  There is a Trinity Southern Methodist Church in Homer and a Claiborne Southern Methodist congregation, a conservative theological body separate from the United Methodists, located north of Homer.

• 

  Holly Springs Baptist Church west of Homer on U.S. Highway 79 is among rural congregations in Claiborne Parish. It has maintained a small cemetery since 1952 located across the highway from the sanctuary.

• 

  Claiborne Academy

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Claiborne Parish, Louisiana

External links

• Claiborne Parish official website
• Water Resources of Claiborne Parish, Louisiana United States Geological Survey