Constanța County
| Constanța County Județul Constanța |
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| County | ||
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| Coordinates: Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. | ||
| Country |  Romania |
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| Development region1 | Sud-Est | |
| Historic region | Dobrogea | |
| Capital city (Reședință de județ) | Constanța | |
| Government | ||
| • Type | County Board | |
| • President of the County Board | Nicușor Constantinescu (Social Democratic Party) | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 7,071 km2 (2,730 sq mi) | |
| Area rank | 8th in Romania | |
| Population (2011 census[1]) | ||
| • Total | 684,082 | |
| • Rank | 5th in Romania | |
| • Density | 96/km2 (250/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | |
| • Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | |
| Postal Code | 90wxyz3 | |
| Area code(s) | +40 x414 | |
| Car Plates | CT5 | |
| GDP | US$ 7.91 billion (2008) | |
| GDP/capita | US$ 11,051 (2008) | |
| Website | County Board County Prefecture |
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| 1The development regions of Romania have no administrative role. They were formed just to attract funds from the European Union 2 as of 2007, the Prefect is not a politician, but a public functionary. He or she is not allowed to be a member of a political party and is forbidden from political activity in the first six months after the resignation (or exclusion) from the public functionary corps 3w, x, y, and z are digits that indicate the city, the street, part of the street, or even the building of the address 4x is a digit indicating the operator: 2 for the former national operator, Romtelecom, and 3 for the other ground telephone networks 5used on both the plates of the vehicles that operate only in the county limits (like utility vehicles, ATVs, etc.), and the ones used outside the county |
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Constanța (Romanian pronunciation: [konˈstant͡sa] (
listen)) is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Bulgaria, in the Dobrogea region. Its capital city is also named Constanța.
Contents
Demographics
In 2011, it had a population of 684,082 and the population density was 96/km². The degree of urbanization is much higher (about 75%) than the Romanian average. In recent years the population trend is:
| Year | County population[1][2] |
|---|---|
| 1948 | 311,062 |
| 1956 |  369,940 |
| 1966 | 465,752 |
| 1977 | 608,817 |
| 1992 | 748,044 |
| 2002 |  715,151 |
| 2011 | 684,082 |
The majority of the population are Romanians. There are important communities of Turks and Tatars, remnants of the time of Ottoman rule. Currently the region is the centre of the Muslim minority in Romania. A great number of Aromanians have migrated to Dobrogea in the last century, and they consider themselves a cultural minority rather than an ethnic minority. There are also Romani.
| Ethnicity | 1880[3] | 2002[4] | 2011[1] |
|---|---|---|---|
| All | 64,902 | 715,151 | 630,679 |
| Romanian | 14,884 (23%) | 652,777 (91%) | 567,779 (90%) |
| Turkish | 14,947 (23%) | 24,246 (3.4%) | 21,014 (3.3%) |
| Tatar | 22,854 (35%) | 23,230 (3.2%) | 19,720 (3.1%) |
| Bulgarian | 7,919 (12%) | 74 (0.01%) | N/A |
| Greek | 2,607 (4%) | 590 (0.08%) | N/A |
| Roma/Gypsy | <100 (<0.1%) | 6,023 (0.84%) | 8,401 (1.33%) |
Geography
- Călărași County and Ialomița County are to the west.
- Tulcea County and Brăila County are to the north.
- Bulgaria (Dobrich Province and Silistra Province) are to the south.
Economy
The predominant industries in the county are:
- Chemicals and petrochemicals
- Food and beverages
- Textiles
- Ship building
- Construction materials
- Mechanical components
- Paper
Agriculture is an important part in the county's economy, with Constanța being the county with the largest irrigation systems in the country (more than 4,300 km² before 1989, now greatly reduced), cereals being the most important products. Also, the county is famous for its wines from the Murfatlar region.
At Cernavodă there is a nuclear power plant with two reactors, each of the CANDU type of Canadian design. The plant covers over 15% of the country's power demand.
The Port of Constanța is the largest port in Romania and one of the most important on the Black Sea. It is linked with the Danube by the Danube-Black Sea Canal – the widest and deepest navigable channel in Europe, although it is not used to its full potential.
Tourism
The Romanian Riviera along the coast of the Black Sea is the preferred destination for the summer holidays in Romania. The resorts are, from North to South:
- Năvodari
- Mamaia
- Eforie (North and South)
- Costinești
- Olimp
- Neptun
- Jupiter
- Cap Aurora
- Venus
- Saturn
- Mangalia
- 2 Mai
- Vama Veche
Also worth visiting are:
Politics
The current president of Constanța County Council is Nicușor Constantinescu (Social Democratic Party).
The Constanța County Council, elected at the 2012 local government elections, is made up of 36 counselors, with the following party composition:
| Party | Seats | Current County Council | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Liberal Union | 26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Democratic Liberal Party | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| People's Party - Dan Diaconescu | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
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Constanța County has 3 municipalities, 9 towns and 58 communes:
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- Communes
- 23 August
- Adamclisi
- Agigea
- Albești
- Aliman
- Amzacea
- Bărăganu
- Castelu
- Cerchezu
- Chirnogeni
- Ciobanu
- Ciocârlia
- Cobadin
- Cogealac
- Comana
- Corbu
- Costinești
- Crucea
- Cumpăna
- Cuza Vodă
- Deleni
- Dobromir
- Dumbrăveni
- Fântânele
- Gârliciu
- Ghindărești
- Grădina
- Horia
- Independența
- Ion Corvin
- Istria
- Limanu
- Lipnița
- Lumina
- Mereni
- Mihai Viteazu
- Mihail Kogălniceanu
- Mircea Vodă
- Nicolae Bălcescu
- Oltina
- Ostrov
- Pantelimon
- Pecineaga
- Peștera
- Poarta Albă
- Rasova
- Saligny
- Saraiu
- Săcele
- Seimeni
- Siliștea
- Târguşor
- Topalu
- Topraisar
- Tortoman
- Tuzla
- Valu lui Traian
- Vulturu
Historical county
| Județul Constanța | ||
|---|---|---|
| County (Județ) | ||
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| Country |  Romania |
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| Historic region | Dobruja | |
| Capital city (Reședință de județ) | Constanța | |
| Established | 1879 | |
| Ceased to exist | Administrative and Constitutional Reform in 1938 | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 6,916 km2 (2,670 sq mi) | |
| Population (1930) | ||
| • Total | 249,914 | |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) | |
| • Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) | |
Following the 1926 administrative reform, the borders of the historical county are identical to the ones of the current Constanța County, with the exception of the Ostrov and Lipnița communes, which were then administered by the Durostor County, the Baia commune, now part of Tulcea County, and the villages of Tereskondu, Pârâul Caprei, Fundeni, Pădureni, Saldu Alde and Enigea-Haidar, now in Bulgaria.
Geography
The county neighboured the Black Sea to the east, the counties of Tulcea and Brăila to the north, Ialomița to the west, Durostor to the south-west and Caliacra to the south.
Administration
The county consisted of seven districts (plăși):
After 1938
After the 1938 Administrative and Constitutional Reform, this county merged with the counties of Ialomița, Durostor and Caliacra to form Ținutul Mării.
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Constanța County. |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Interwar Constanța County. |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ National Institute of Statistics, "Populația la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992 și 2002"
- ↑ Robert Stănciugel and Liliana Monica Bălașa, Dobrogea în Secolele VII-XIX. Evoluție istorică, Bucharest, 2005; pg. 202
- ↑ 2002 official census results
External links
- (Romanian) memoria.ro, Interwar Constanța County
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