Emmanuelle Charpentier
| Emmanuelle Charpentier | |
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Emmanuelle Charpentier, August 2015
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| Born | 1968 (age 55–56) Juvisy-sur-Orge, France |
| Nationality | France |
| Fields | <templatestyles src="Plainlist/styles.css"/> |
| Institutions | University of Vienna Umeå University Max Planck Society |
| Alma mater | Pierre and Marie Curie University Pasteur Institute |
| Known for | CRISPR[1] |
| Website www |
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Emmanuelle Marie Charpentier, born in 1968 in Juvisy-sur-Orge in France, is a French researcher in Microbiology, Genetics and Biochemistry.[1]
Education
Emmanuelle Charpentier began studying Biochemistry, Microbiology and Genetics at the Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC) in Paris.[2] In 1995, she was awarded a research doctorate by the Pasteur Institute.
Career and research
After defending her dissertation, she worked at several universities and hospitals in the United States including Rockefeller University, New York University Langone Medical Center, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine (all in New York) and St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis. After five years, she returned to Europe, first to Vienna and thereafter to Umeå University in Sweden where she holds a position as research leader at the Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) as well as that of visiting professor at Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR). She is Private Docent in Microbiology (2006, University of Vienna) and Docent in Medical Microbiology (2013, Umeå University).[2] In 2013, she was appointed Professor at the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research in Braunschweig and to an Alexander von Humboldt Professorship at Hannover Medical School (MHH) in Hannover, Germany.
In 2015, Charpentier accepted an offer from the German Max Planck Society to become scientific member and director of the new Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin.[2] Charpentier will retain her position as visiting professor at Umeå University, where a new donation from the Kempe Foundations and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation has given her the opportunity to offer more young researchers positions within research groups of the MIMS Laboratory.[3]
Charpentier is best known for her role in deciphering the molecular mechanisms of the bacterial CRISPR-Cas9 immune system and repurposing it into a tool for genome editing. In collaboration with Jennifer Doudna's laboratory, Charpentier's laboratory showed that Cas9 could be used to make cuts in any DNA sequence desired.[4][5] The method they developed involved the combination of Cas9 with easily created synthetic "guide RNA" molecules. Researchers worldwide have employed this method successfully to edit the DNA sequences of plants, animals, and laboratory cell lines.
Charpentier has been awarded several international prizes, awards and acknowledgements, including the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, the Gruber Foundation International Prize in Genetics and the Leibniz Prize, Germany's most prestigious research prize. Also, in the Spring of 2015, Time Magazine designated Charpentier one of the 100 most influential people in the world (together with Jennifer Doudna).[6]
Awards and honors
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- 2009 – Prize of the City of Vienna: Theodor Körner Prize for Science and Culture
- 2011 – The Fernström Prize for young and promising scientists[7]
- 2013 – Alexander von Humboldt Professorship[citation needed]
- 2014 – The Göran Gustafsson Prize for Molecular Biology (Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences)[8]
- 2014 – Elected Member of the European Molecular Biology Organisation
- 2014 – Dr. Paul Janssen Award for Biomedical Research[9] (shared with Jennifer Doudna)
- 2014 – The Jacob Heskel Gabbay Award[10] (shared with Feng Zhang and Jennifer Doudna)
- 2014 – Grand Prix Jean-Pierre Lecocq from the French Academy of Sciences
- 2015 – The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences[11] (shared with Jennifer Doudna)
- 2015 – International Society for Transgenic Technologies prize[12] (shared with Jennifer Doudna)
- 2015 – Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology
- 2015 – Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine[13]
- 2015 – Time 100: Pioneers[14] (shared with Jennifer Doudna)
- 2015 – The Ernst Jung Prize in Medicine[15]
- 2015 – The Hansen Family Award[16]
- 2015 – Princess of Asturias Awards (shared with Jennifer Doudna)
- 2015 – Gruber Foundation International Prize in Genetics (shared with Jennifer Doudna)[17]
- 2015 – Umeå University Jubilee Award: The MIMS Excellence by Choice Programme[18]
- 2015 – Carus Medal, from German National Academy of Science, Leopoldina[19]
- 2015 – Massry Prize [20]
- 2015 – Elected Fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science[21]
- 2016 – Otto Warburg Medal
- 2016 – L’Oréal-UNESCO “For Women in Science” Award
- 2016 – Leibniz Prize from the German Research Foundation[22]
- 2016 – Canada Gairdner International Award (shared with Jennifer Doudna and Feng Zhang)[23]
- 2016 - Warren Alpert Foundation Prize
References
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- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (shared with Jennifer Doudna)
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- ↑ The Hansen Family Award
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- ↑ Massry winners helped launch gene editing revolution
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External links
- Umeå University Staff Directory: Emmanuelle Charpentier
- Nature 471, 602–607 (31 March 2011: "CRISPR RNA maturation by trans-encoded small RNA and host factor RNase III"
- Science, June 28 2012: "A Programmable Dual-RNA–Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity"
- Helmholz Centre for Infection Research – Regulation in Infection Biology
- Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden – Short Curriculum Vitae of Emmanuelle Charpentier
- Crispr Therapeutics: Scientific Founders
- Emmanuelle Charpentier to become a Director at the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin
