Epicynodontia

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Epicynodontia
Temporal range: Late Permian–Present
Thrinaxodon Lionhinus.jpg
Skeleton of Thrinaxodon liorhinus, a basal epicynodont
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Synapsida
Order: Therapsida
Suborder: Cynodontia
Clade: Epicynodontia
Hopson and Kitching, 2001
Subgroups

See text.

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Epicynodontia is a clade of cynodont therapsids that includes most cynodonts, including galesaurids, thrinaxodontids, and Eucynodontia. It was erected as a stem-based taxon by Hopson and Kitching (2001) and defined as the most inclusive clade containing Mammalia and excluding Procynosuchus, a Late Permian genus that is one of the most basal cynodonts.[1]

Below is a cladogram from Ruta, Botha-Brink, Mitchell and Benton (2013) showing one hypothesis of cynodont relationships:[2]

Cynodontia 

Charassognathus





Dvinia



Procynosuchus



Epicynodontia

Cynosaurus



Galesauridae

Galesaurus



Progalesaurus




Thrinaxodontidae

Nanictosaurus



Thrinaxodon





Platycraniellus


Eucynodontia

Cynognathia



Probainognathia (including mammals)









References

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