Ernest, Duke of Bavaria

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Ernest, Duke of Bavaria-Munich
Spouse(s) Elisabetta Visconti
Noble family House of Wittelsbach
Father John II, Duke of Bavaria
Mother Catherine of Gorizia
Born 1373
Munich
Died 2 July 1438(1438-07-02)
Munich
Buried Frauenkirche in Munich

Ernest of Bavaria-Munich (German: Ernst, Herzog von Bayern-München), (Munich, 1373 – 2 July 1438 in Munich), from 1397 Duke of Bavaria-Munich.

Biography

Ernest was a son of John II and ruled the duchy of Bavaria-Munich together with his brother William III.

He restrained uprisings of the citizenry of Munich in 1396 and 1410 and forced his uncle Stephen III to confine his reign to Bavaria-Ingolstadt in 1402. Afterwards Ernest still fought several times successfully against the dukes of Bavaria-Ingolstadt Stephen III and his son Louis VII the Bearded as ally of Henry XVI of Bavaria-Landshut. He was a member of the Parakeet Society and of the League of Constance.

After the extinction of the Wittelsbach dukes of Bavaria-Straubing, counts of Holland and Hainaut, Ernest and his brother William struggled with Henry and Louis but finally received half of Bavaria-Straubing including the city of Straubing in 1429.

As ally of the House of Luxembourg Ernest backed his deposed brother in law Wenceslaus against the new king Rupert of the older branch of his own Wittelsbach dynasty as well as Wenceslaus' brother Sigismund in his wars against the supporters of Jan Hus. This led to devastations in Northern Bavaria until 1434.

When his son Albert III married secretly the maid Agnes Bernauer in 1432, Ernest ordered her murdered. She was accused of witchcraft and thrown into the River Danube and drowned. The civil war with his son finally ended with a reconciliation. He is buried in the Frauenkirche in Munich.

Family and children

He was married in Pfaffenhofen an der Ilm 26 January 1395 to Elisabetta Visconti, daughter of Bernabò Visconti and had the following children:

  1. Albert III, Duke of Bavaria (23 March 1401, Munich–29 February 1460, Munich).
  2. Beatrix (c. 1403–12 March 1447, Neumarkt), married to:
    1. 1424 in Ortenburg Count Hermann III of Cilli;
    2. 1428 in Riedenburg Count Palatine John of Neumarkt.
  3. Elisabeth (c. 1406–5 March 1468, Heidelberg), married to:
    1. 1430 in Mainz Adolf, Duke of Jülich-Berg;
    2. 1440 in Worms Count Hesso of Leiningen.
  4. Amalie (1408–1432), a nun in St. Klara Monastery in Munich.

He also had at least three illegitimate children.

Ancestors

Family of Ernest, Duke of Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. Louis II, Duke of Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17. Matilda of Habsburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
18. Bolko I the Strict
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9. Beatrice of Silesia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19. Beatrice of Brandenburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. John II, Duke of Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20. Peter III of Aragon
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. Frederick III of Sicily
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
21. Constance of Sicily
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5. Elisabeth of Sicily
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
22. Charles II of Naples
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. Eleanor of Anjou
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23. Mary of Hungary
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. Ernest, Duke of Bavaria
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24. Albert I of Gorizia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. Albert II of Gorizia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25. Euphemia of Silesia-Glogau
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6. Meinhard VI of Gorizia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26. Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Euphemia of Mätsch
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
27. Matilda of Cleves
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. Catherine of Gorizia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. Ulrich IV, Count of Pfannberg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. Ulrich V, Count of Pfannberg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29. Margaret of Heunburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7. Catherine of Pfannberg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
30. Hugh II of Werdenberg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15. Margaret of Werdenberg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31. Euphemia of Ortenburg
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ernest, Duke of Bavaria
Born: 1373 Died: 2 July 1438
Regnal titles
Preceded by Duke of Bavaria-Munich
1397 – 1438
Succeeded by
Albert III
Preceded by Duke of Bavaria-Straubing
1429 – 1438

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