Ethnic groups in Thailand
Thailand is a country of some 70 ethnic groups, including 24 groups of Tai peoples. The Thai (or ethnic Tai/Dai) and Thai Chinese make up approximately 90% of the nation's population of approximately 67.5 million.
Khmer and Mon-Khmer make up approximately 6%, the Malays of southern Thailand make up around 3%. Among the groups categorized as hill tribes in the northern provinces, Hmong (Mien), Karen and other small hill tribes make up around 1%.
In official Thai documents the term "hill tribe" (chao khao) began to appear in the 1960s. This term highlights a "hill and valley" dichotomy that is based on an ancient social relationship existing in most of northern and western Thailand, as well as in Sipsongpanna and northern Vietnam. For the most part the Dai/Tai/Thai occupied the more fertile intermontane basins and valleys, while the less powerful groups lived at the less rich higher elevations. This dichotomy was often accompanied by a master/serf relationship.[1]
Alphabetical list
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- Akha
- Bru
- Cham
- Chinese (primarily Teochew and Hakka)
- Chong
- Hmong
- Isan
- Karen
- KhmerKhmu
- Khun（Thai Khun）
- Kuy
- Lahu
- Lao
- Lao
- Lao Nyaw
- Lawa
- Lisu
- Lolo (Yi)
- Lua
- Lue (Thai Lü)
- Malay
- Mani (Negrito)
- Mlabri
- Moken
- Mon
- Nyahkur (Nyah Kur, Chao-bon)
- Palaung (De'ang)
- Pear
- Phai
- Phu Thai
- Phuan
- Saek
- Sa'och
- Shan（Thai Yai）
- So
- Tai Dam (Black Tai)
- Tai Ya
- Thai (central Thai; Siamese)
- Urak Lawoi
- Vietnamese
- Yao
- Yuan（Thai Yuan; Lanna）
- Japanese people
- Korean
Listed by language group
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- Tai–Kadai – Siamese (Thai Chinese, southern Thai), Laotian (Phu Thai), Lanna, Lü, Saek, Shan, Tai Dam, Tai Nüa
- Mon–Khmer – Bru, Khmer, Khmu, Kuy, Lawa, Lua, Mani, Mlabri, Mon, Nyahkur (Nyah Kur, Chao-bon), Palaung (De'ang), Phai, So
- Sino-Tibetan – Chin Haw, Akha, Karen, Lahu, Lisu, Lolo (Yi)
- Malayo-Polynesian – Cham, Malay, Moken, Urak Lawoi
- Hmong–Mien – Hmong, Yao
- Thai Indians (kaek)
See also
References
- ↑ Kusuma Snitwongse & W Scott Thompson eds. Ethnic Conflicts in Southeast Asia, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (14 October 2005) ISBN 978-9812303370, pg. 157
External links
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