Etymological dictionary

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An etymological dictionary discusses the etymology of the words listed. Often, large dictionaries, such as the Oxford English Dictionary and Webster's, will contain some etymological information, without aspiring to focus on etymology.

Etymological dictionaries are the product of research in historical linguistics. For a large number of words in any language, the etymology will be uncertain, disputed, or simply unknown. In such cases, depending on the space available, an etymological dictionary will present various suggestions and perhaps make a judgement on their likelihood, and provide references to a full discussion in specialist literature.

The tradition of compiling "derivations" of words is pre-modern, found for example in Indian (nirukta), Arabic (al-ištiqāq[disambiguation needed]) and also in Western tradition (in works such as the Etymologicum Magnum). Etymological dictionaries in the modern sense, however, appear only in the late 18th century (with 17th-century predecessors such as Vossius' 1662 Etymologicum linguae Latinae or Stephen Skinner's 1671 Etymologicon Linguae Anglicanae), with the understanding of sound laws and language change and their production was an important task of the "golden age of philology" in the 19th century.

Print etymological dictionaries

Online etymological dictionaries

Indo-European languages

  • [1] - Croatian Etymological Dictionary
  • [2] – An Online Etymological Dictionary of the English language compiled by Douglas Harper
  • [3] – Ancient Greek Etymological Dictionary by H. Frisk
  • [4] - An Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon by Alwin Kloekhorst
  • [5] – Indo-European Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al.
  • [6] – Gaelic Etymological Dictionary by A. MacBain
  • [7] – Gothic Etymological Dictionary by Andras Rajki
  • [8] – Nepali Etymological Dictionary by R. L. Turner
  • [9] – Romanian Etymological Dictionary
  • [10] – Russian Etymological Dictionary by Max Vasmer, Heidelberg (1962), 4 volumes
  • [11] – Swedish Etymological Dictionary by Elof Hellquist

Afroasiatic languages

  • [12] – Afroasiatic Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al.
  • [13] – Arabic Etymological Dictionary by Andras Rajki
  • [14] – Hebrew Etymological Dictionary by Isaac Fried

Altaic languages

  • [15] – Altaic Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al.
  • [16] – Chuvash Etymological Dictionary by M. R. Fedotov
  • [17] – Gagauz Etymological Dictionary
  • [18] – Mongolian Etymological Dictionary
  • [19] – Turkish Etymological Dictionary by Sevan Nişanyan "Sözlerin Soyağacı – Çağdaş Türkçe'nin Etimolojik Sözlüğü" (Third ed. Adam Y. Istanbul 2007)

Austronesian languages

  • [20] – Austronesian Comparative Dictionary by R. A. Blust
  • [21] – Indonesian Etymological Dictionary by S. M. Zain
  • [22] – Maori Etymological Dictionary by E. Tregear
  • [23] – Waray Etymological Dictionary

Bantu languages

  • [24] – Bantu Etymological Dictionary
  • [25] – Swahili Etymological Dictionary

Creole languages and conlangs

  • [26] - Bislama Dictionary with etymologies by Andras Rajki
  • [27] – Esperanto Etymological Dictionary
  • [28] – Morisyen Etymological Dictionary
  • [29] – Volapük Dictionary

Uralic languages

  • [30] – Uralic Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al.
  • [31] – Finnish Etymological Dictionary
  • [32] – Hungarian Dictionary with etymologies by Andras Rajki
  • [33] – Saami Etymological Dictionary

Other languages and language families

  • [34] – Basque Etymological Dictionary
  • [35] – Dravidian Etymological Dictionary by T. Burrow
  • [36] – Kartvelian Etymological Dictionary by G. A. Klimov
  • [37] – Mayan Etymological Dictionary by T. Kaufman and J. Justeson
  • [38] – Munda Etymological Dictionary by D. Stampe & al.
  • [39] – North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al.
  • [40] – Thai Etymological Dictionary by M. Haas


External links