Eugène Schaus

Eugène Schaus (12 May 1901 – 29 March 1978) was a Luxembourgian politician and jurist. Schaus was a leading light in the early days of the Democratic Party, of which he would be President from 1952 until 1959.

Schaus held office in a number of governments, under Pierre Dupong and Pierre Werner, over a period of thirty years. He served as the Deputy Prime Minister, a position created especially for Schaus, in Werner's first government. He would serve in this capacity again (1969 – 1974), as well as holding a number of other high offices.

Career

An experienced lawyer, Schaus was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1937, in which he served until 1940, when the country was occupied by Nazi Germany and the Chamber was suspended. Having refused to swear allegiance to the occupying forces, Eugene Schaus, his wife and their three children spent most of the war in German deportation camps in Eastern Europe, and returned only at the end of the war. He was the Group for Patriotism and Democracy member of the National Union Government, as Minister for the Interior, and was elected at the next election, in 1945. He would remain in the Chamber of Deputies, as either a sitting deputy or a government minister, until 1974.

Schaus was recognised as the foremost liberal politician in 1947 by his inclusion in the Christian Social People's Party-Democratic Group coalition under Pierre Dupong, adding the position of Minister for Justice to that for the Interior. Due to his leadership of the GD into this government, it is known as the 'Dupong-Schaus Ministry'. In 1951, the CSV formed a coalition with the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party, ejecting Schaus from government. The following year, Schaus was elected Democratic Party, succeeding Lucien Dury.

In 1958, a scandal over government corruption allowed Schaus, as opposition leader, to lever himself, and the party (by now renamed the 'Democratic Party') back into government. Schaus alleged that the government had been offered a bribe by a contractor; whilst refusing it and eliminating the company from the list of bidders, the attempted bribe was not reported within the required window, and the government collapsed. The general election held the following year, the Democratic Party almost doubled its share of seats, and replaced the LSAP in the governing coalition that was formed after the election and the death of Prime Minister Pierre Frieden.

Footnotes

Political offices
Preceded by Victor Bodson	Minister for Justice 1st time 1947 – 1951	Succeeded by Victor Bodson
New title	Deputy Prime Minister 1st time 1959 – 1964	Succeeded by Henry Cravatte
Preceded by Joseph Bech	Minister for Foreign Affairs 1959 – 1964	Succeeded by Pierre Werner
Preceded by Pierre Werner	Minister for Defence 1st time 1959 – 1964	Succeeded by Marcel Fischbach
Preceded by Giuseppe Pella	President of the Council of the EU 1st time First half 1960	Succeeded by Joseph Luns
Preceded by Emilio Colombo	President of the Council of the EU 2nd time First half 1963	Succeeded by Joseph Luns
Preceded by Henry Cravatte	Deputy Prime Minister 2nd time 1969 – 1974	Succeeded by Raymond Vouel
Preceded by Jean Dupong	Minister for Justice 2nd time 1969 – 1974	Succeeded by Robert Krieps
New title Ministry created	Minister for the Police Force 1969 – 1974	Succeeded by Émile Krieps
Preceded by Pierre Grégoire	Minister for Defence 2nd time 1969 – 1974
Party political offices
Preceded by Lucien Dury	President of the DP 1952 – 1959	Succeeded by Lucien Dury