Garn–St. Germain Depository Institutions Act
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| Other short titles |
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|---|---|
| Long title | An Act to revitalize the housing industry by strengthening the financial stability of home mortgage lending institutions and ensuring the availability of home mortgage loans. |
| Nicknames | Alternative Mortgage Transaction Parity Act of 1982 |
| Enacted by | the 97th United States Congress |
| Effective | October 15, 1982 |
| Citations | |
| Public law | 97-320 |
| Statutes at Large | 96 Stat. 1469 |
| Codification | |
| Titles amended | 12 U.S.C.: Banks and Banking |
| U.S.C. sections amended | 12 U.S.C. ch. 3 § 226 |
| Legislative history | |
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The Garn–St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 (Pub.L. 97–320, H.R. 6267, enacted October 15, 1982) is an Act of Congress that deregulated savings and loan associations and allowed banks to provide adjustable-rate mortgage loans. It is disputed whether the act was a mitigating or contributing factor in the savings and loan crisis of the late 1980s.[1]
The bill, whose full title was "An Act to revitalize the housing industry by strengthening the financial stability of home mortgage lending institutions and ensuring the availability of home mortgage loans," was a Reagan Administration initiative.[2]
The bill is named after its sponsors, Congressman Fernand St. Germain, Democrat of Rhode Island, and Senator Jake Garn, Republican of Utah. The bill had broad support in Congress, with co-sponsors including Charles Schumer and Steny Hoyer.[3] The bill passed overwhelmingly, by a margin of 272-91 in the House.[4]
An important consumer change was to allow anyone to place real estate in their own trust without triggering the due-on-sale clause that allows lenders to foreclose on a current loan upon transfer to another. This greatly facilitates the use of trusts to pass property to heirs and minors. It may also protect the property of wealthy or risky owners against the possibility of future lawsuits or creditors, because the trust owns the property, not the individuals at risk. The bill states "... a lender may not exercise its option pursuant to a due-on-sale clause upon ... a transfer into an inter vivos trust in which the borrower is and remains a beneficiary and which does not relate to a transfer of rights of occupancy in the property[.]” (The Garn St. Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982, (U.S.C.) 1701j-3(d)(8).[5]
Title VIII of the act, Alternative Mortgage Transactions, allowed banks to provide adjustable-rate mortgage loans.[6]
See also
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- Securities regulation in the United States
- Commodity Futures Trading Commission
- Securities Commission
- Chicago Stock Exchange
- Financial regulation
- List of financial regulatory authorities by country
- NASDAQ
- New York Stock Exchange
- Stock exchange
- Regulation D (SEC)
- Related legislation
- 1933 - Securities Act of 1933
- 1934 – Securities Exchange Act of 1934
- 1938 – Temporary National Economic Committee (establishment)
- 1939 - Trust Indenture Act of 1939
- 1940 - Investment Advisers Act of 1940
- 1940 - Investment Company Act of 1940
- 1968 – Williams Act (Securities Disclosure Act)
- 1975 – Securities Acts Amendments of 1975
- 1999 – Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act
- 2000 – Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000
- 2002 – Sarbanes–Oxley Act
- 2006 - Credit Rating Agency Reform Act of 2006
- 2010 – Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
References
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- ↑ Reagan, Ronald. "Remarks on Signing the Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982" (1982-10-15).
- ↑ H.R. 6267, Cosponsors.
- ↑ H.R. 6267, Major Actions.
- ↑ [1].
- ↑ Pub.L. 97–320 Full text Archived August 12, 2004 at the Wayback Machine
Further reading
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External links
- Bill summary and status
- FDIC notes on the bill
- Public Law 97-320, 97th Congress, H.R. 6267: Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982
