Gendarmenmarkt
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The Gendarmenmarkt is a square in Berlin and the site of an architectural ensemble including the Konzerthaus (concert hall) and the French and German Churches. In the centre of the square stands a monumental statue of Germany's renowned poet Friedrich Schiller. The square was created by Johann Arnold Nering at the end of the seventeenth century as the Linden-Markt and reconstructed by Georg Christian Unger in 1773. The Gendarmenmarkt is named after the cuirassier regiment Gens d'Armes, which had stables at the square until 1773.
During World War II, most of the buildings were badly damaged or destroyed. Today all of them have been restored.
Origins
Gendarmenmakt was first built in 1688. It was a marketplace and part of the city's Western expansion of Friedrichstadt, one of Berlin's emerging quarters.[1]
Französischer Dom
The French Church (in German: Französischer Dom, with Dom referring to the French word for English "dome" and not to a cathedral. Neither church was ever the church of a bishop. The terminology is a relic of francophone Frederick the Great, who was instrumental in enhancing Gendarmenmarkt) the older of the two churches, was built by the Huguenot community between 1701 and 1705. It was modelled after the destroyed Huguenot church in Charenton-Saint-Maurice, France. The tower and porticoes, designed by Carl von Gontard, were added to the building in 1785. The French Church has a viewing platform, a restaurant and a Huguenot museum.
Deutscher Dom
The German Church (in German: Deutscher Dom) is located to the south of the Gendarmenmarkt. It has a pentagonal structure and was designed by Martin Grünberg and built in 1708 by Giovanni Simonetti. This church belonged to the Lutheran community.[2] It too was modified in 1785 by Carl von Gontard, who built the domed tower. The German Church was completely destroyed by fire in 1945, during World War II. After German reunification it was rebuilt, finished in 1993 and re-opened in 1996 as a museum of German history.
Konzerthaus
The Konzerthaus Berlin is the most recent building on the Gendarmenmarkt. It was built by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in 1821 as the Schauspielhaus. It was based on the ruins of the National Theatre, which had been destroyed by fire in 1817. Parts of the building contain columns and some outside walls from the destroyed building. Like the other buildings on the square, it was also badly damaged during World War II. The reconstruction, finished in 1984, turned the theatre into a concert hall. Today, it is the home of the Konzerthausorchester Berlin.
The Gendarmenmarkt hosts one of Berlin's most popular Christmas markets.
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Berlin - Gendarmenmarkt - around 1900.jpg
Gendarmenmarkt around 1900
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View of the Gendarmenmarkt and Deutscher Dom (German Cathedral) from the Top of Französischer Dom (French Cathedral).JPG
View of Gendarmenmarkt with the Konzerthaus to the right and the German Church in the back, as seen from the top of the French Church, 2011
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Gendarmenmarkt Berlin 2009.JPG
Gendarmenmarkt at dusk
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German Cathedral and Concert Hall.JPG
German Church and Concert Hall
References
External links
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