Gungnae City
| Gungnae City | |||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | 國內城 | ||||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||||
| Hangul | 국내성 | ||||||||
| Hanja | 國內城 | ||||||||
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Gungnae City, also known as Guonei City, was a fortress-city second capital city of the ancient kingdom of Goguryeo (modern Ji'an, Jilin, China).[1] and the perimeter of its outer fortress measures 2,686m.[2] It is part of Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom, a World Heritage Site.
History
Gungnae was chosen to become the capital city by the kingdom's second ruler, King Yuri during the 10th month of the year 3 CE.[3] The city was sacked several times until the rise of the 19th ruler, Gwanggaeto the Great, who greatly expanded Goguryeo's territory and made it a formidable power in the northeast Asia.[4] When King Gwanggaeto died in 413, his son, King Jangsu, inherited the throne and moved the capital down to Pyongyang in 427.[5] The city playted central role of the kingdom after the power transfer.[6]
Just before the fall of Goguryeo, Gungnae-seong fell to the Silla-Tang Chinese alliance when General Yeon Namsaeng, son of Yeon Gaesomun, surrendered the city in 666.[6] Goguryeo fell in 668[7] when the Tang army captured Pyongyang and took King Bojang and Yeon Namgeon into custody.[8]
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Statues and Gungnae Fortress (GuoNei Fortress).JPG
Statues and Gungnae City
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Stretch of Gungnae Fortress Wall (GuoNei Fortress).JPG
Stretch of the city wall of Gungnae
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Corner of Gungnae Fortress (GuoNei Fortress).JPG
Corner of Gungnae City
See also
- Three Kingdoms of Korea
- List of castles in Korea
- Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom
- Wandu Mountain City
References
- ↑ The Capital City of Koguryo Viewed from the Satellite (enlarged edition) Northeast Asian History Foundation, Retrieved 2015-06-27
- ↑ (Korean) "Gungnae Fortress", Naver encyclopedia
- ↑ King Yuri(1) "KBS World", Retrieved 2015-06-27
- ↑ Water Jung, 《Nation building:the geopolitical history of Korea》, University Press of America, 1998. ISBN 0761812733 p.18
- ↑ Hyon-hui Yi, Song-su Pak, Naehyeon Yun, 《New history of Korea》, Jimoondang, 2005, p.224 ISBN 8988095855
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Ho-tae Cheon, 《The Dreams of the Living and Hopes of the Dead:Goguryeo Tomb Murals》, Seoul National University Press, 2007. ISBN 8952107292 p.4, p.10
- ↑ Djun Kil Kim, "Ths history of Korea, 2nd edition", The greenwood histories of the modern nations, ISBN 1610695828, p.43
- ↑ Northeast History Foundation, "Journal of Northeast Asian History" Vol.4 1-2. 2007. p.181
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