Hanna Suchocka

Hanna Suchocka
File:Hanna Suchocka 1135.jpg
5th Prime Minister of Poland
In office 8 July 1992 – 26 October 1993
President	Lech Wałęsa
Deputy	Henryk Goryszewski Paweł Łączkowski
Preceded by	Waldemar Pawlak
Succeeded by	Waldemar Pawlak
Polish Ambassador to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
In office 10 October 2002 – 30 June 2013
Appointed by	Aleksander Kwaśniewski
Preceded by	Stefan Frankiewicz
Succeeded by	Piotr Nowina-Konopka
Polish Ambassador to the Holy See
In office 3 December 2001 – 30 June 2013
Appointed by	Aleksander Kwaśniewski
Preceded by	Stefan Frankiewicz
Succeeded by	Piotr Nowina-Konopka
Minister of Justice and Public Prosecutor General
In office 31 October 1997 – 8 June 2000
Prime Minister	Jerzy Buzek
Preceded by	Leszek Kubicki
Succeeded by	Lech Kaczyński
Personal details
Born	(1946-04-03) 3 April 1946 Pleszew, Poland
Political party	Alliance of Democrats (Before 1989) Solidarity (1989–1990) Democratic Union (1990–1994) Freedom Union (1994–2000)
Alma mater	University of Poznań
Religion	Roman Catholicism
Awards

Hanna Suchocka [ˈxanna suˈxɔt͡ska] (born 3 April 1946) is a Polish political figure, lawyer, professor at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań and Chair of the Constitutional Law Department.

She served as the prime minister of Poland between 8 July 1992 and 26 October 1993 under the presidency of Lech Wałęsa. She is the first woman to hold this post in Poland and was the 14th woman to be appointed and serve as prime minister in the world.

Career

Suchocka was born in Pleszew, Poland, in a Catholic family of chemists. Her grandfather was a University teacher and her grandmother Anna became member of the first Polish parliament after independence in 1918, when women got the right to vote. Hanna Suchocka went to law school and became a researcher at the University of Poznan. But she was fired when she refused to join the Communist party. She was preoccupied by human rights and undertook a PhD in Constitutional Law in West Germany in 1975. In 1969 she joined a small non-Marxist 'satellite party', the Democratic Party (SD), and was a member of parliament the Sejm of People's Republic of Poland in 1980-1985. At the same time she was a member and a legal advisor to Solidarity. She was one of only a few MPs who did not to vote in favour of martial law in 1981 and the criminalisation of Solidarity in 1984. The party suspended her (or she resigned), but with the support of Solidarity she was eleced to parliament again in 1989. Solidarity supporters split up into several political parties. Suchocka joined the centre-liberal Democratic Union (DU) and was re-elected to parliament in 1991.

Prime Minister

She became Prime Minister in 1992. Governments were based on various coalitions and changed constantly. Suchocka was chosen to the amazement of many male politicians. But she was known for her low profile and willingness to make compromises and promote reconciliation. She could be accepted by people who had antipathy towards more prominent leaders of DU. In addition, as a left-wing, while being opposed to abortion as a Catholic, she could be accepted by both siders of the political spectrum and satisfy the interests of a majority in parliament consisting of seven parties, including a Christian and a liberal party.

Hanna Suchocka declared that her government was for social reconciliation and would lead the country forward in the transformation from communism to capitalism. She was approved by 233 against 61 votes and 113 abstentions She quickly formed a cabinet, but did not get any female ministers, though she wanted to. None of the coalition partners were willing to accept another woman. But she got two male deputy prime ministers. She stayed longer as prime minister than any of her four predecessors, but she did not stay long. There was a wave of strikes. Suchocka was a warm supporter of market reforms and followed a hard line against the strikers. When she would not give salary increases to teachers and health workers, parliament passed a vote of no confidence by a majority of one vote. Walesa dissolved parliament and held new elections and Suchocka resigned as soon as the new parliament was in place.

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  Official portrait during her premiership

Later career

In 1994 Hanna Suchocka was one of the founders of a liberal and social-democratic Liberty Union, which became the country's third largest political force. In 1997-2000 she was minister of justice in a coalition government

Member of the Club of Madrid.

Hanna Suchocka is a member of the Council of Women World Leaders, an international network of current and former women presidents and prime ministers whose mission is to mobilize the highest-level women leaders globally for collective action on issues of critical importance to women and equitable development.

She served as Poland's Ambassador to the Holy See from 2002-2013. She is also a member of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences in the Vatican (appointed by Pope John Paul II on 19 January 1994).

In April 2014 Suchocka was among the 8 initial appointees of Pope Francis to the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors.

External links

• Suchocka's page at the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences

References

Political offices
Preceded by Waldemar Pawlak	Prime Minister of Poland 1992–1993	Succeeded by Waldemar Pawlak
Preceded by Leszek Kubicki	Minister of Justice 1997–2000	Succeeded by Lech Kaczyński
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by Stefan Frankiewicz	Polish Ambassador to the Holy See 2001–2013	Succeeded by Piotr Nowina-Konopka
	Polish Ambassador to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta 2002–2013