Ein Harod
Ein Harod (Hebrew: <templatestyles src="Script/styles_hebrew.css" />עֵין חֲרוֹד) was a kibbutz in Israel between 1921 and 1952, when it split into Ein Harod (Ihud) and Ein Harod (Meuhad). It was located in the north of the country near Mount Gilboa and was named after the nearby Well of Harod, Ein Harod in Hebrew.
History
The kibbutz was founded by pioneers of the Third Aliyah, Russian Jews,[1] in 1921 on a tract of land near Ma'ayan Harod (Harod Spring, mentioned in the Bible (Judges 7:1) as a place of the judge Gideon), and with it, a railway station on the Jezreel Valley railway. The site was located near the battlefield of Ayn Jalut, a battle in which the Mongols were defeated for the first time in 1260.
The kibbutz moved to a permanent location at the foot of Kumi Hill in 1931. The village played an important role in the defence of the area during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, known by the Jews of the era as "the disturbances," during which it was the base of Orde Wingate's Special Night Squads.[1] On 29 June 1946, the British army occupied the village by force.[1] In 1947 it had a population of 1,120.[1]
In 1952, in the wake of ideological differences between supporters of the two main socialist parties, Mapai and Mapam, the kibbutz split, creating two separate kibbutzim: Ein Harod (Ihud), affiliated with Mapai and belonging to Ihud HaKvutzot veHaKibbutzim; and Ein Harod (Meuhad), affiliated with Mapam and belonging to HaKibbutz HaMeuhad. Today both kibbutzim belong to the United Kibbutz Movement.
Notable residents
- Avraham Shlonsky - founder member
- Yitzhak Tabenkin - Israeli politician
- Meir Har-Zion (born 1934), military commando
Museums
"Mishkan Le'omanut" (Museum of Art Ein Harod) is one of the first art museums in Israel. The museum was founded by the kibbutz members themselves during the early period following the founding of the kibbutz in the belief that culture and art are among the essential components of a society. The museum was inaugurated in 1948 during the height of the War of Israel's Independence. The museum has a collection of 16,000 artworks and ongoing solo and group shows. The museum publishes exhibition catalogues and research books.
Museum "Beit Shturman" with collections of nature, archaeology and history of the area. In the museum also Charles Orde Wingate is honoured, one of the few British soldiers supporting Zionism. He liked the region, because he linked his fate to the Biblical judge Gideon, connected to this area.[2]
References
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External links
- Museum of Art Ein Harod
- Beit Shturman ilmuseums
- Ein Harod, circa 1921
- Ein Harod, circa 1925
- Railway station near Ein Harod, circa 1929
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