Haynes International

Haynes International = Kokomo, Indiana

Key people	Mark Comerford, President & CEO
Products	Corrosion-Resistant Alloys High-Temperature Alloys
Revenue	US$579.56 million (FY 2012)
Net income	US$50.15 million (FY 2012)
Total assets	US$626.93 million(FY 2012)
Total equity	US$301.10 million(FY 2012)
Number of employees	1,072 (2006)
Website	www.haynesintl.com

Haynes International Inc. is a manufacturer of metal alloys employing more than 1,070 employees worldwide with sales of $434.4 million in 2007 with 8 plants around the world. The corporation is headquartered in Kokomo, Indiana. The company specializes in corrosion resistant, and high-temperature alloys for the aerospace, chemical, and gas turbine industries.

History

The company was founded in 1912 as Haynes Stellite Works by Elwood Haynes in Kokomo, Indiana. In the late 1880s Haynes started experimenting with various alloys to create a metal that would resist corrosion. After creating new alloys from nickel and chromium he had them patented and started building a foundry in 1912. In 1920 the company was sold to Union Carbide. Haynes is now a publicly traded company. Its fiscal year ends on September 29.

Haynes International now primarily produces two families of products, Ultimet and Hastelloy. Both sets of alloys are designed to be highly corrosion and wear resistant compared to common types of iron alloys. Each set of alloys has variations with advantages and disadvantages for specific uses.

Ultimet

Ultimet is a cobalt based metal alloy produced by Haynes International, Inc. Compared to various iron-based alloys, it is highly resistant to corrosion, galling (where two surfaces stick, then rip apart), and wear.

The corrosion resistance of ultimet is similar to that exhibited by hastelloy. Ultimet performs similarly to Stellite in wear resistance.

Ultimet is composed of several alloying elements in the following proportions: 54% Cobalt (as balance), 26% Chromium, 9% Nickel, 5% Molybdenum, 3% Iron, 2%Tungsten, 0.8% Manganese, 0.3% Silicon 0.08% Nitrogen and 0.06% Carbon.

The primary function of Ultimet alloys is that of effective survival of a moderately to severely corrosive, and/or erosion or wear prone environment where more common and less expensive iron- alloys would fail, including such applications as nozzles, pumps, fan blades, fluid mixing and agitating equipment, dies (including those for extrusion) and valves.

Because of its properties, Ultimet has also seen some use in the dental industry in the formation of bridges and dentures where it is a lower priced, high durability alternative to the use of the traditional platinum group metals.

Ultimet is also available in many different forms including plates, sheets, billets, bars, wires and covered electrodes.

Ultimet alloy can be machined, although this is made more challenging by the strength of the material and its tendency to work-harden rapidly. Carbide tipped tools are recommended. Ultimet can also be joined using a variety of fusion welding techniques; Gas tungsten arc welding and Gas metal arc welding are recommended.

Hastelloy

Three check valves in corrosion-resistant Hastelloy

Hastelloy is the registered trademark name of Haynes International, Inc. The trademark is applied as the prefix name of a range of twenty-two different highly corrosion-resistant metal alloys, loosely grouped by the metallurgical industry under the material term “superalloys” or “high-performance alloys”.

The predominant alloying ingredient is typically the transition metal nickel. Other alloying ingredients are added to nickel in each of the subcategories of this trademark designation and include varying percentages of the elements molybdenum, chromium, cobalt, iron, copper, manganese, titanium, zirconium, aluminum, carbon, and tungsten.

The primary function of the Hastelloy super alloys is that of effective survival under high-temperature, high-stress service in a moderately to severely corrosive, and/or erosion-prone environment where more common and less expensive iron-based alloys would fail, including the pressure vessels of some nuclear reactors, chemical reactors, distillation equipment, and pipes and valves in chemical industry. Although a super alloy, Hastelloy does experience degradation due to fabricating and handling. Electropolishing or passivation of Hastelloy can improve corrosion resistance.

The following Hastelloy alloys have been produced; however, production of some may have been discontinued:

Composition of various hastelloy alloys (percent)

Alloy	Co	Cr	Mo	W	Fe	Si	Mn	C	Ni	Others
B-2	1*	1*	28	–	2*	0.1*	1*	0.01*	Balance	–
B-3	3*	1.5	28.5	3*	1.5	0.1*	3*	0.01*	65 min.	Al-0.5*, Ti-0.2*
C-4	2*	16	16	–	3*	0.08*	1*	0.01*	Balance	Ti-0.7*
C-2000	2*	23	16	–	3*	0.08*	–	0.01*	Balance	Cu-1.6
C-22	2.5*	22	13	3	3	0.08*	0.5*	0.01*	Balance	V-0.35*
C-276	2.5*	16	16	4	5	0.08*	1*	0.01*	Balance	V-0.35*
G-30	2*	30	5.5	2.5	15	1*	1.5*	0.03*	Balance	Nb-0.8*, Cu-2*
N	0.2*	7	16	0.5*	5*	1*	0.8*	0.08*	Balance	Al+Ti-0.5*, Cu-0.35*
W	2.5*	5	24	–	6	1*	1*	0.12*	Balance	V-0.6*
X	1.5*	22*	9*	0.6*	18.5*	0.5*	0.5*	0.1*	Balance	-

• ¹ The undiluted deposited chemical composition of covered electrodes of some of these alloys may vary beyond the limits shown.
• ^*Maximum

See also

• Stellite
• Inconel
• Multimet
• Monel
• Molten-Salt Reactor Experiment (MSRE)
• Nimonic

External links

• Official website