Henri Béraud
Henri Béraud (21 September 1885 – 24 October 1958) was a French novelist and journalist. He was sentenced to death — later commuted to life imprisonment — for collaboration with the Germans, in 1945.
Life
Henri Béraud was born in Lyon. He was the son of a baker. In 1903 he began his work in journalism.[1] Béraud joined the satirical weekly Le Canard enchaîné in February 1917, recommended by Paul Vaillant-Couturier, and Roland Dorgeles. He renewed his old friendship with Albert Londres. He also wrote for Le Crapouillot, the magazine started by Jean Galtier-Boissiere.[citation needed] He published stories, a short series (L'angoisse du mercanti ou le compte du tonneau in 1918), a study on Lyonnais humor, and especially polemical articles. He was also an international reporter at the Petit Parisien and Paris-Soir, from 1934-1944.[citation needed]
He later became known as one of France's best-selling novelists and reporters, and won the Prix Goncourt in 1922. He was virulently Anglophobic and to a lesser extent antisemitic.[citation needed] These factors led him to support Vichy France.[2] He did this by contributing pieces to the right-wing weekly paper Gringoire, — George Orwell called it "the most disgusting rag it is possible to imagine"[3]- indicating his hatred of British forces and criticism of the Free French, although he also censured Nazism[citation needed].
His aid of the Vichy government caused him to be sentenced to death in 1945, but several writers, including François Mauriac intervened on his behalf. The sentence was commuted by Charles de Gaulle to life imprisonment. By 1950 he was freed for health reasons. He died in Saint-Clément-des-Baleines eight years later.[4]
Works
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- Poèmes ambulants (1903)
- Le Missel jaune. Les Jardins évanouis (1904) — poetry
- La bonne Taverne (1905)
- Le second Amour du Chevalier Des Grieux (1906)
- L'Héritage des symbolistes (1906) — art criticism
- François Vernay, peintre lyonnais (1909)
- Opinions et tendances. Peintres lyonnais (1910)
- Jacques Martin peintre lyonnais (1911)
- Marrons de Lyon (1912) — novellas; with Charles Fénestrier
- Les Morts lyriques (1912) — novellas
- Voyage autour du Cheval de Bronze (1912) — novellas
- L'École moderne de peinture lyonnaise (1912)
- Glabres (1915) — poetry
- La bataille de Juliénas (1917)
- Le Mémorial de la rue Sainte-Hélène (1919)
- Le Vitriol de Lune (1921) — awarded The Goncourt Prize in 1922
- Le Martyre de l'obèse (1922) — awarded The Goncourt Prize in 1922
- Eux... Vingt têtes de Bib (1921)
- Lazare (1924)
- La Croisade des longues figures (1924) — a polemic
- Retours à pied (1924) — theater criticism
- L'Affaire Landru (1924) — with Emmanuel Bourcier & André Salmon
- Au Capucin Gourmand (1925) — novel
- Ce que j'ai vu à Moscou (1925)
- Le Bois du templier pendu (1926)
- Ce que j'ai vu à Berlin (1926)
- Mon Ami Robespierre (1927)
- Le Flâneur salarié (1927)
- Plan sentimental de Paris (1927)
- La Gerbe d'or (1928)
- Rendez-vous Européens (1928)
- Le quatorze Juillet (1929)
- Ce que j'ai vu à Rome (1929)
- Émeutes en Espagne (1931)
- Les Lurons de Sabolas (1932)
- Le Feu qui couve (1932)
- Souvenirs d'avril (1933)
- Dictateurs d'aujourd'hui (1933)
- Ciel de suie (1933)
- Vienne clef du monde (1934)
- Tombeau de Marthe Deladune (1934)
- Pavés rouges (1934)
- Faut-il réduire l'Angleterre en esclavage? (1935)
- Trois ans de colère (1936)
- Popu-roi (1938)
- Qu’as-tu fait de ta jeunesse? (1941)
- Sans Haine et sans crainte (1942)
- Le Nœud au mouchoir (1944) — the French government sought to destroy every copy of this book after the war was over, however an underground edition of the volume survived
- Les Raisons d'un silence (1944)
- Vous ne connaissez pas mon pays (1948)
- On tue pour moins (1950) — crime novel, signed "Germaine H. Béraud", the name of his wife
- Quinze jours avec la mort (1951)
- Les derniers beaux Jours (1953)
- Le Flâneur salarié (1985)
- TF 677, Journal de prison (1997)
- Écrits dans Gringoire (1928-1937) (2004)
- Écrits dans Gringoire (1937-1940) (2004)
- Écrits dans Gringoire (1940-1943) (2006)
- Œuvre poétique. Poèmes ambulants et autres recueils (2005)
- Le Merle blanc, écrits 1919-1922 (2008)
- Le Canard Enchaîné, écrits 1916-1919 (2009)
- Autour de Guignol. La bataille de Juliénas et autres textes (2011)
- Guignol, chroniques 1917-1919 (2013)
- L'Enigme du lundi de Pâques (2017)
Translated into English
- The Sorrows of a Fat Man (1924) — translated by René Francis
- Lazarus (1925) — translated by Eric Sutton
- The Truth about Moscow as Seen by a French Visitor (1926) — translated by John Peile
- Twelve Portraits of the French Revolution (1928) — translated by Madeleine Boyd
- My Friend Robespierre (1928) — translated by Slater Brown
- Men of the Aftermath (1929) — translated by Frederic Whyte
- The Wood of the Hanging Templar (1930) — translated by Samuel Sloan
References
- ↑ Biography.com
- ↑ The Collaborator: The Trial & Execution of Robert Brasillach By Alice Yaeger Kaplan: page 204
- ↑ George Orwell, Collected Works, I Belong to the Left, p. 22.
- ↑ Time Magazine obituary
Further reading
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External links
- Articles with unsourced statements from February 2013
- Articles with unsourced statements from May 2018
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- 1885 births
- 1958 deaths
- People from Lyon
- French fascists
- 20th-century French novelists
- French journalists
- Writers from Rhône-Alpes
- French military personnel of World War I
- French collaborators with Nazi Germany
- Prix Goncourt winners
- French male novelists
