Henry Clifford, 1st Earl of Cumberland

Arms of Clifford: Chequy or and azure, a fess gules

Quartered arms of Sir Henry Clifford, 1st Earl of Cumberland, KG

File:Sir Henry Clifford.JPG

Monument of Sir Henry Clifford, Holy Trinity Church, Skipton

Henry Clifford, 1st Earl of Cumberland KG (1493 – 22 April 1542) was a member of the Clifford family which was seated at Skipton Castle, Yorkshire from 1310 to 1676. He was a close friend of King Henry VIII.

Origins

He was born at Skipton Castle, a son of Henry Clifford, 10th Baron de Clifford by his wife Anne St John, daughter of Sir John St John of Bletso by his first wife Alice Bradshaigh.

Career

As a youth Clifford spent time at the court of King Henry VIII and was knighted at Henry's coronation in 1509. he was appointed Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1522 and became hereditary Sheriff of Westmorland on the death of his father in 1523. As part of King Henry VIII's plans for the defence of the Scottish border he was created Earl of Cumberland on 18 June 1525, made Warden of the West Marches and Governor of Carlisle Castle. He was however soon replaced by William Dacre, 3rd Baron Dacre but after the latter was accused of treason, he was reinstated in the post from 1534 to 1542. In 1536 he refused to support the Pilgrimage of Grace and as a result was besieged in Skipton Castle. He was made a Knight of the Garter by a grateful King Henry VIII in 1537.

Marriages & progeny

He married twice:

• Firstly to Margaret Talbot (died before 1516), daughter of George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury and Anne Hastings, daughter of William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings and Katherine Neville. Katherine was a daughter of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury and Alice Neville, 5th Countess of Salisbury.
• Secondly he married Margaret Percy, daughter of Henry Percy, 5th Earl of Northumberland and Catherine Spencer, daughter of Sir Robert Spencer of Spencer Combe, Devon, and Lady Eleanor Beaufort. Eleanor was a daughter of Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset and Eleanor Beauchamp. By Margaret Percy he had seven children, including:
  • Henry Clifford, 2nd Earl of Cumberland, eldest son and heir, who married Lady Eleanor Brandon, a niece of King Henry VIII.

Death & burial

He died in 1542 and was buried in Skipton church, where his monument survives.

References

• Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages
• Clifford family tree

External links

• A listing of the Clifford family

Peerage of England
Preceded by Henry Clifford	Baron de Clifford 1524–1542	Succeeded by Henry Clifford
Preceded by New Creation	Earl of Cumberland 1525–1542	Succeeded by Henry Clifford