Henry Stapp
| Henry Stapp | |
|---|---|
| Born | Henry Pierce Stapp 23 March 1928 Cleveland, Ohio, US |
| Citizenship | American |
| Nationality | American |
| Fields | Theoretical physics Quantum Mechanics |
| Institutions | University of California, Berkeley |
| Alma mater | University of Michigan (B.Sc.) University of California, Berkeley (M.A.)(Ph.D.) |
| Doctoral advisor | Emilio Segrè Owen Chamberlain |
| Website http://www.henrystapp.org/ |
|
Henry Pierce Stapp (born March 23, 1928 in Cleveland, Ohio)[1] is an American mathematical physicist, known for his work in quantum mechanics, particularly the development of axiomatic S-matrix theory, the proofs of strong nonlocality properties, and the place of free will in the "orthodox" quantum mechanics of John von Neumann.[2]
Contents
Biography
Stapp received his PhD in particle physics at the University of California, Berkeley, under the supervision of Nobel Laureates Emilio Segrè and Owen Chamberlain. While there, he was a member of the Berkeley Fundamental Fysiks Group, founded in May 1975 by Elizabeth Rauscher and George Weissmann, which met weekly to discuss philosophy and quantum physics.[2]
Stapp moved to ETH Zurich to do post-doctoral work under Wolfgang Pauli. During this period he composed an article called "Mind, Matter and Quantum Mechanics," which he did not submit for publication, but which became the title of his 1993 book. When Pauli died in 1958, Stapp transferred to Munich, then in the company of Werner Heisenberg.[3]
He is retired from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,[4] but remains a member of its scientific staff.[5]
Stapp has worked also in a number of conventional areas of high energy physics, including analysis of the scattering of polarized protons, parity violation, and S-matrix theory.[3]
Research
Some of Stapp's work concerns the implications of quantum mechanics (QM). He has argued for the relevance of QM to consciousness and free will.[6]
Stapp favors the idea that quantum wave functions collapse only when they interact with consciousness as a consequence of "orthodox" quantum mechanics. He argues that quantum wave functions collapse when conscious minds select one among the alternative quantum possibilities. His hypothesis of how mind may interact with matter via quantum processes in the brain differs from that of Penrose and Hameroff. While they postulate quantum computing in the microtubules in brain neurons, Stapp postulates a more global collapse, a 'mind like' wave-function collapse that exploits certain aspects of the quantum Zeno effect within the synapses. Stapp's view of the neural correlate of attention is explained in his book, Mindful Universe: Quantum Mechanics and the Participating Observer (2007). With Deepak Chopra, Stapp has claimed that consciousness is fundamental to the universe.[7]
In this book he credits John von Neumann's Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics (1955, 1932) with providing an "orthodox" quantum mechanics demonstrating mathematically the essential role of quantum physics in the mind. Stapp has taken interest in the work of Alfred North Whitehead. He has proposed what he calls a "revised Whiteheadianism".[8] He has also written a chapter "Whiteheadian Process and Quantum Theory" (pp. 92-102) in the book Physics and Whitehead: Quantum, Process, and Experience (2003).
His philosophy has been described as being influenced by both Heisenberg's physical realism and Bohr's idealism. A form of panpsychism. Philosopher Gordon Globus noted that "Stapp unhesitatingly descends into panexperientialism".[9] Stapp has co-authored papers with Jeffrey M. Schwartz. Schwartz has connected the work of Stapp with the concept of "mental force" and spiritual practices of Buddhism.[10]
Reception
Stapp's work has drawn criticism from scientists such as David Bourget and Danko Georgiev.[11] Recent papers by Georgiev[12][13] criticize Stapp's model in two aspects: (1) The mind in Stapp's model does not have its own wavefunction or density matrix, but nevertheless can act upon the brain using projection operators. Such usage is not compatible with standard quantum mechanics because one can attach any number of ghostly minds to any point in space that act upon physical quantum systems with any projection operators. Therefore Stapp's model does not build upon "the prevailing principles of physics", but negates them.[12] (2) Stapp's claim that quantum Zeno effect is robust against environmental decoherence directly contradicts a basic theorem in quantum information theory according to which acting with projection operators upon the density matrix of a quantum system can never decrease the Von Neumann entropy of the system, but can only increase it.[12][13] Stapp has responded to Bourget and Georgiev stating that the allegations of errors, are incorrect.[14][15]
Selected publications
- Stapp, H; Schwartz, J. M; Beauregard, M. (2005). Quantum theory in neuroscience and psychology: A neurophysical model of mind-brain interaction. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B. 360 (1458): 1309-1327. Full paper
- Stapp, H; Schwartz, J. M; Beauregard, M. (2004). The volitional influence of the mind on the brain, with special reference to emotional self-regulation. In Beauregard, M. (Ed.). Consciousness, emotional self-regulation, and the brain, Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins Publishing Company, Chapter 7. ISBN 90-272-5187-8
- Stapp, H. (2009). Mind, Matter and Quantum Mechanics (The Frontiers Collection). Springer. ISBN 978-3-540-89653-1
- Stapp, H. (2011). Mindful Universe: Quantum Mechanics and the Participating Observer. Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-18075-0
See also
References
- ↑ "Henry Stapp Curriculum Vitae".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kaiser, D. (2011). How the Hippies Saved Physics: Science, Counterculture and the Quantum Revival. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 15-17, p. 101, p. 254. ISBN 978-0393342314
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ "Theory Group Retirees".
- ↑ "Physics Scientific Staff".
- ↑ Kane, R. (2011). The Oxford Handbook of Free Will: Second Edition. Oxford University Press. p. 74-76. ISBN 978-0-19-539969-1
- ↑ Deepak C; Stapp, H. (2014). "Is a Mind-Element Needed to Interpret Quantum Mechanics? Do Physically Undetermined Choices Enter into the Evolution of the Physical Universe?". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 2014-10-28.
- ↑ Hartshorne, C. (1984). Creativity in American Philosophy. State University of New York Press. p. 108. ISBN 0-87395-816-0
- ↑ Skrbina, D. (2009). Mind that Abides: Panpsychism in the New Millennium. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 72. ISBN 978-9027252111
- ↑ Schwartz, J. M; Begley, S. (2003). The Mind and the Brain: Neuroplasticity and the Power of Mental Force. ReganBooks. ISBN 0-06-098847-9
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Stapp, H. (2004). "Quantum Leaps in Philosophy of Mind: Reply to Bourget's Critique". Journal of Consciousness Studies 11 (12): 43-49.
- ↑ Stapp, H. (2012). "Reply to a Critic: "Mind Efforts, Quantum Zeno Effect and Environmental Decoherence". NeuroQuantology 10 (4): 601-605.
Further reading
- Donald, M. On the Work of Henry P. Stapp.
- Streater, R. F. Quantum Theory on the Brain.
- Ludwig, K. (1995). Why the Difference Between Quantum and Classical Physics is Irrelevant to the Mind/Body Problem. Psyche 2 (16).
