Henry Winneke

Sir Henry Winneke AC, KCMG, KCVO, OBE, KStJ, QC
21st Governor of Victoria
In office 1 June 1974 – 28 February 1982
Monarch	Queen Elizabeth II
Preceded by	Sir Rohan Delacombe
Succeeded by	Sir Brian Murray
Personal details
Born	Henry Arthur Winneke (1908-10-20)20 October 1908 Fitzroy North, Victoria, Australia
Died
Spouse(s)	Nancy Wilkinson (1933–1983; her death) Ellis Faul (1984–1985; his death)
Children	John Winneke
Education	University of Melbourne
Profession	Barrister; judge
Awards	OBE (Mil)
Military service
Allegiance	Australia
Service/branch	Royal Australian Air Force
Years of service	1939–1946
Rank	Group Captain

Sir Henry Arthur Winneke AC, KCMG, KCVO, OBE, KStJ, QC (20 October 1908 – 28 December 1985) was a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria and Governor of Victoria.

Early life and career

Winneke was born in 1908 to the descendants of German immigrants to Victoria. His father, Henry Christian Winneke was a judge of the County Courts of Victoria. Winneke was educated at Ballarat Grammar School, Scotch College and the University of Melbourne, from which he graduated LLB in 1929 and LLM in 1930. He was a hockey player while at University, and was awarded a University Blue as well as playing in an Australian Universities team. After doing articles at the solicitors firm Gair & Brahe, he was admitted to practice in the Supreme Court of Victoria on 1 May 1931 and called to the Victorian Bar on 30 July 1931. He read as a pupil of Wilfred Fullagar, who was later a judge of the High Court of Australia.

Second World War

Following the outbreak of the Second World War, he was commissioned in the Royal Australian Air Force in October 1939. He was subsequently promoted to Wing Commander on 1 October 1941 and to Group Captain a month later, when he was appointed Director of Personnel Services. He was appointed O.B.E. (Mil) in 1944.

Post War career

Following the end of the Second World War, Winneke left the RAAF returned to practice at the Victorian Bar. He developed a large general practice, and was described by Sir John Young (his successor as Chief Justice) as "a very sound lawyer with a clear and penetrating mind", and a "clear and powerful advocate" ([1986] VR p xi). He was appointed a Kings Counsel in 1949. Winneke became Solicitor-General for the State of Victoria in 1951. In that capacity, he regularly prosecuted in important Criminal trials, and also appeared for the State of Victoria in Constitutional cases in the High Court of Australia and the Privy Council. While Solicitor General, he provided robust advice to the Victorian Government and refused to be swayed by political considerations. This included advising the then Victorian Premier Sir Henry Bolte and Chief Secretary Sir Arthur Rylah that they might be guilty of intentional unlawful homicide, or murder, if the Government hanged a convicted murderer named Robert Peter Tait notwithstanding a temporary stay on his execution granted by the High Court of Australia (see Tait v R (1962) 108 CLR 620).

Chief Justice and Governor

Winneke was appointed as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria in 1964. According to Sir John Young, he was "a model of fairness", who delivered judgments which "were models of clarity and learning" ([1986] VR p xii). He was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Victoria in 1972. In 1974, he retired from office as Chief Justice and became the Governor of Victoria, an office which he occupied with "great distinction" until 1982. He was knighted in 1957, created KCMG in 1966, KCVO in 1977 and AC in 1982. He received the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws from the University of Melbourne in 1978 and Monash University in 1980.

Don Chipp said that Winneke had told him in 1971 that the convicted murderer Leith Ratten was innocent. In 1981, when Ratten had yet to be released, Chipp said Winneke denied the conversation had taken place. Later a member of the Supreme Court at the time of Ratten's trial told Tom Molomby that Winneke had wanted to remove the jury from the trial. Such a move would require a belief that the evidence would not support a guilty verdict.

Personal life

He was married twice, first to Nancy Wilkinson in 1933 by whom he had two sons, John and Michael. Following his first wife's death in 1983, in 1984 he married Ellis Faul, who survived him. His son, John Winneke, was also a judge on the Supreme Court of Victoria, being President of the Court of Appeal from its inception in 1995 until his retirement in 2005. Winneke was a keen golfer and follower of Australian Rules Football, being at one time the number one ticket holder of Hawthorn Football Club.

See also

• Judiciary of Australia
• List of Judges of the Supreme Court of Victoria

Further reading

• Obituary, [1986] Victorian Reports, pp xi–xii.
• Coleman, Robert, Above renown: The biography of Sir Henry Winneke, South Melbourne, MacMillan Australia, 1988.

Legal offices
Preceded by Sir Edmund Herring	Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria 1964–1974	Succeeded by John Young
Government offices
Preceded by Sir Edmund Herring	Lieutenant Governor of Victoria 1972–1974	Succeeded by Sir John Young
Preceded by Sir Rohan Delacombe	Governor of Victoria 1974–1982	Succeeded by Sir Brian Murray