Jewish–Babylonian war
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The Jewish–Babylonian war was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Judah and Babylonia that lasted from 601 to 586 BC. The conflict marked the end of the Kingdom of Judah and Jewish independence until the Hasmonean revolt. After Babylonia invaded Jerusalem it destroyed the First Temple, and started the Babylonian exile.
Contents
Background
Egypt was the regional power until Battle of Charchameshin 606BC.[1] Later, Babylonia came and ended the Egyptian rule, and established its own rule, and made Judah its vassal.
Jewish revolt
For three years, Judah paid taxes to Babylonia, until King Jehoiakim decided to stop giving taxes to Babylonia and went to war with Babylonia.[2] Unfortunately for Judah, Moab, Ammon and Chaldea went to war against Judah alongside Babylonia.[3]
First siege of Jerusalem
Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem in 597 BC, and managed to capture the city and king Jehoiachin,[4][5][6] along with all of the aristocracy of Jerusalem.[7] He also looted the treasures of the temple, including the golden implements.[8] Then Nebuchadnezzar exiled 10,000 of the officers, and the craftsmen, and 7,000 soldiers.[9] Then, he appointed Jehoiachin's uncle, Mattaniah as king of Judah. Later, Mattaniah changed his name to Zedekiah.[10][11]
Second siege of Jerusalem and a Battle at Jericho
In July 587 BC,[12] Zedekiah rebelled against Babylonia, making an alliance with Egypt, and Nebuchadnezzar besieged Jerusalem again, starving the people.[13] Later, the Babylonian troops managed to get inside the walls and conquer the city, yet Zedekiah and some of his troops managed to escape to Jericho, where they fought against the Babylonians (called Chaldeans by the Bible), who captured Zedekiah and his sons and brought them in chains to Babylonia, where Zedekiah's children were executed in front of him. On the seventh of Av, Nebuzaradan, a Babylonian executioner, burned down Solomon's Temple, destroyed the walls of Jerusalem, and exiled the rest of the Jews to Babylonia. He appointed Gedalia as the administor of the Jews that weren't exiled from Judah. Judah ceased to exist a year later, in 586 BC. Gedalia was later murdered in 582 BC.
See also
Bibliography
- The Bible: 2 Kings 24-25, Book of Jeremiah, Book of Ezekiel, 2 Chronicles 36
- Nebuchadnezzar Chronicle
