Julia Malinova
Iulia Malinova, née Jakovlevna Scheider (1869-1953), was a Bulgarian suffragist and women's rights activist. She was co-founder of the Bulgarian Women's Union, and served as its chairperson twice: in 1908-1910, and from 1912 to 1926.
She was born a Russian Jew and educated in France and Switzerland before moving to Bulgaria upon her conversion and marriage to lawyer Alexander Malinov, later prime minister of Bulgaria. From 1899, she edited the paper Zhenski glas with the teacher, socialist and writer Anna Karima, spouse of the socialist Janko Sakazov, and in 1901, they co-founded the Bulgarian Women's Union with Karima as its first chairperson. The organization was an umbrella organization of the 27 local women's organisations that had been established in Bulgaria since 1878. It was founded as a reply to the limitations of women's education and access to university studies in the 1890s, with the goal to further women's intellectual development and participation, arranged national congresses and used Zhenski glas as its organ.
In 1908, she succeeded as chairperson, and made the Bulgarian Women's Union part of the International Council of Women. During her tenure, she secured the policy of the union as a society for all classes and political convictions, and organized wives of soldiers during the war.
In 1925, she was attacked by Bulgarian nationalist women for her foreign origin. She retired as chairperson in 1926 and was succeeded by Dimitrana Ivanova.
References
- Francisca de Haan, Krasimira Daskalova & Anna Loutfi: Biographical Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms in Central, Easterna and South Eastern Europe, 19th and 20th centuries Central European University Press, 2006
- Blanca Rodriguez Ruiz & Ruth Rubio-Marín: The Struggle for Female Suffrage in Europe: Voting to Become Citizens 2012
