Karbi Anglong district

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Karbi Anglong
District
Country  India
State Assam
Founded 2 February 1970
Renamed 14 October 1976
Founded by Semsonsing Ingti
Named for Mikir Hills
Headquarters Diphu
Government
 • Type Autonomous district
 • CEM Tuliram Ronghang
Area
 • Total 10,434 km2 (4,029 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 965,280
 • Density 93/km2 (240/sq mi)
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
Vehicle registration AS-09-X-XXXX
Website http://www.karbianglong.nic.in

Karbi Anglong district (Karbi: Karbi Anglong), is the largest amongst the 27 administrative districts of Assam state in north-eastern India. The district is bounded by Golaghat district on the east, Meghalaya state and Marigaon district on the west, Nagaon and Golaghat districts on the north and Dima Hasao district and Nagaland state on the south. The district is located between 25º33' - 26º35' North Latitudes and 92º10' - 93º50' East Longitudes. Diphu town is the administrative headquarters of the district. Karbi Anglong District occupies an area of 10,434 square kilometres (4,029 sq mi),[1] comparatively equivalent to the island of Hawaii.[2]

Etymology

Karbi are a tribe living in Assam. Anglong is a Karbi noun word for Hill(s), (it also refer to Mountain(s), both the noun share the same word). Literally Karbi Anglong means Hills of Karbi people.

History

During the pre-British rule the territory was part of the Dimasa Kingdom till the demise of Sengya Tularam Hasnu in AD 1854.[3] After his death the territory went into the hands of the British under which it was declared a ‘Scheduled District’ constituted in 1874. Later, Mikir Hills tract was constituted as “Partially Excluded areas” under the Govt. of India Act, 1935. On November 17, 1951 a new district, the United Mikir Hills and North Cachar Hills district was created by combining some parts of the districts of Sibsagar (now Golaghat), Nagaon, Cachar and United Khasi and Jayantia Hills district of present day Meghalaya state. This was followed by bifurcation of the erstwhile district of United Mikir and North Cachar Hills district into two separate districts — Mikir Hills district and North Cachar Hills district — on 2 February 1970.[4] Mikir Hills district was renamed as Karbi Anglong district on 14 October'1976.[4]

Economy

In 2006, the Indian government named Karbi Anglong one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[5] It is one of the eleven districts in Assam currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[5]

Industry

  • One of CCI working factory (out of three) is in Bokajan. Its product is exported to the whole country.
  • Rubber

There are several Small scale industries which involves in mining and manufacturing.

Administration

Divisions

The district has three sub-divisions:

  • Diphu Sub-Division:
    • Diphu Revenue Circle
    • Phuloni Revenue Circle
  • Bokajan Sub-Division:
    • Silonijan Revenue Circle
  • Hamren Sub-Division:
    • Dongkamukam Revenue circle

Constituency

The four Vidhan Sabha constituencies of the district are Bokajan, Howraghat, Diphu and Boithalangso. All are part of the 3 S.T. Autonomous District. Lok Sabha constituency. Diphu town is the district headquarters. Other towns of this district are Bokajan, Donkamokam, Dokmoka, Hamren and Howraghat. Total number of villages in this district is 2633.

There are four Assam Legislative Assembly constituencies in this district: Bokajan, Howraghat, Diphu, and Boithalangso.[6] All four are designated for scheduled tribes.[6] They are all in the Autonomous District Lok Sabha constituency.[7]

Demographics

Population

According to the 2011 census Karbi Anglong District has a population of 965,280,[8] roughly equal to the nation of Fiji[9] or the US state of Montana.[10] This gives it a ranking of 451st in India (out of a total of 640).[8] The district has a population density of 93 inhabitants per square kilometre (240/sq mi) .[8] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.58%.[8] Karbi Anglong has a sex ratio of 951 females for every 1000 males,[8] and a literacy rate of 74%. with Male and Female constituting 82% and 65% respectively.[8]

Languages

Karbi is the prominent language in the district. Other spoken languages include Dimasa (Garo-dima), Kuki (Khawchung Thadou), Nepali, Assamese and Aiton (approximately 1500).[11]

A number of indigenous peoples reside in this district. The Rengmas and the Karbis are the most prominent amongst them. Other indigenous peoples residing in this district include the Dimasas, the Koch, the Nepali (Gorkha), the Adivasis, the Kuki-Chin People (Kukis, Hmars, Mizos), the Garos, the Tiwas, the Khasis and the Chakmas.

Religion

Population of the district is:

  • Animists (often tagged as Hindus) - 670,139
  • Christians - 117,738
  • Muslims - 18,091

Culture

Karbi Anglong District has a rich culture. From the ancient age The Karbi people maintain and keep their culture alive. They have their own traditional costume, like Choi Hongthor (Traditional Shirt) and Rikong vetvot (Traditional Pant) for male and Pini or sini & Peh Kok (Traditional wear) for female. They have their own traditional mini side bag called Jamborong.

Male dress

Choi Hongthor, traditional shirt, is widely adopted among the Assamese culture. The shirt is very similar to a Flak jacket, but with button in place of zipper.

Rikong vetvot is a male attire worn from the waist to below. It can be classified into two groups: the real Rikong vetvot and the neo-modern, borrowed heavily from Dhoti. Rikong vetvot is unique in a sense how it is worn and its length. It needs skill to wear them. It is almost impossible to wear with too much length (It is still difficult to wear them with a little more length). A new wearer will find the dress slipping out as there is no knot.

Female dress

Pini or Sini, Peh kok and Jamborong are widely famous in the state which is use by many people. It's popularity is due to their charming colours and design prepared by Karbi women.

Pini or Sini is an female attire worn from the waist and cover up to the lower calf. It is similar to the dress worn by other communities like Naga, Hmar etc. Peh-kok is also unique in how its worn. It's a square (or similar sized) piece of cloth. It's two adjacent edge are tight into a knot (modern dress use pin inplace of knot). The knot side is then hang from the shoulder.

Others

Jamborong is a handbag made from cloth. It has no thong, instead it use a wide piece of cloth, similar to webbing, but much wider, but also with weak tensile strength (depend on the strength of cloth). It's size can vary. Smaller one are similar to a woman purse.

Tourism

Places of interest

A hilly district of Assam Karbi Anglong is a very beautiful place in the lap of nature. It is still somewhat unknown to the tourist in spite of its enchanting natural green forests and picturesque hills. In addition to this there are the multi-coloured cultures and traditions.

Diphu
It is a small but very charming busy town. The town is located on a hill.
Silbheta
It is a favourite picnic spot located at a distance of 37 km from Diphu. The place surrounded by rain forests. A nature built stone bridge is also there.
Akashiganga
65 km away from Diphu, here a divine stream of water flows down from the high hill. In front of it there is a great siva temple.
Amreng
Amreng is a very attractive place in Hamren. It is situated on a hill surrounded by green woods. Here a blue water stream falls down from a huge rock. On the bank of this Amreng stream there is a tourist bungalow from where one can enjoy the endless beauty of naure.
Garampani
Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary which is home of hollock gibbon and golden langur. There is hot water spring in here near the national highway.
Dikrut
It's a beautiful waterfall located into the bosom of mountain.

Flora and fauna

The scenic beauty of Kanthi waterfall, situated in Kanthi Village, some 12 kilometers away from Dengaon in Karbi Anglong district of Assam in India.

In 1952, Karbi Anglong district became home to the Garampani Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 6 km2 (2.3 sq mi).[12] Nambor Wildlife Sanctuary is the another wildlife sanctuary of Karbi Anglong covering 37 km2.

For any visitor to Karbi Anglong, a must read book is A Naturalist in Karbi Anglong by Assam's well known naturalist Dr. Anwaruddin Choudhury. He narrated his travels and wildlife observations in different parts of Karbi Anglong during his tenure in the district as a civil servant. The book is profusely illustrated with drawings and photos.[13][14]

More than 75% of the district is forested. The main vegetation is Tropical semi-evergreen with patches of Moist Deciduous and wet Evergreen forests in certain areas. The district boasts the largest population of hoolock gibbons in Assam.

Education

Karbi Anglong is home to a variety of educational institutions.

Universities

Colleges

  • Diphu Government College, Diphu
  • Diphu Law College, Diphu
  • Eastern Karbi Anglong College, Bokajan
  • Junior College, Howraghat.
  • Rangsina junior College Dongkamukam
  • Rishabh Junior College, Baithalangso
  • Rukasen College, Bakaliaghat
  • Thong Nokbe College, Dokmoka
  • Waisong College, Hamren

Technical institutes

Schools

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Media

Karbi Anglong is popular for its fast growing media. The Arleng Daily, a Karbi daily, is the newspaper that heralded a new beginning for Karbi newspaper. it's also the newspaper that brought the importance and power of media to the people. Thekar, a Karbi daily, is the highest circulated daily and the first RNI Registered Karbi newspaper. Since then, there are seven dailies in Karbi. In the year of 2005-06, a Hindi newspaper Jana Prahari was lunched from bokuliaghat, a small town in Karbi Anglong.

Notable towns

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Notable Personalities

References

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  3. ↑ Kachari Kingdom#British occupation
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  13. ↑ Choudhury, A.U. (1993). A Naturalist in Karbi Anglong. Gibbon Books, Guwahati, India.88pp+maps.
  14. ↑ Choudhury, A.U. (2009). A Naturalist in Karbi Anglong. Revised 2nd edn. Gibbon Books, Guwahati, India.152pp.

External links

 Nagaon district
Ri-Bhoi district, Meghalaya Dima Hasao district
  Karbi Anglong District (West)  
Jaintia Hills district, Meghalaya
Golaghat district
Nagaon district Dimapur district, Nagaland
  Karbi Anglong District (East)  
Dima Hasao district Peren district, Nagaland

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