Karl von Roques

Karl von Roques
File:Karl von Roques at the Nuremberg Trials.jpg Karl von Roques around the time of his trial, circa 1947
Born	7 May 1880 Frankfurt am Main
Died	24 December 1949 (1949-12-25) (aged 69) Nürnberg
Allegiance	German Empire (to 1918) Weimar Republic (to 1933) Nazi Germany
Service/branch	Heer
Years of service	1900–33, 1939–43
Rank	General der Infanterie
Battles/wars	World War I World War II

Karl Jerome Christian Georg Kurt von Roques (7 May 1880 in Frankfurt am Main – 24 December 1949 in Nürnberg) was a German general and war criminal during the Second World War, who was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment in the High Command Trial. He died in 1949 while serving his sentence.

Career

Karl von Roques was born in a German noble family of Huguenot descent. He entered the German Imperial Army in 1899. During the First World War, Roques served in staff roles in several divisions. By the end of the war he was promoted to major. After the armistice, Roques remained in the Reichswehr, serving in the Ministry of War, and then in staff and command roles in the army. Starting in 1934, Roques served as chief of staff and then the president of the Reichsluftschutzbund. In October 1938 he was recalled to active duty and in the Luftwaffe with the rank of lieutenant-general. In June 1939, Roques left the Luftwaffe with the rank of general.

Second World War

During the Second World War, Roques served as an active officer in the Wehrmacht. In December 1939, he was given command of the new 142nd Infantry Division. From 15 March 1941 to October 1941, he was commander of the rear areas of Army Group South. On 1 July 1941, Roques was promoted to General der Infanterie.

Execution of partisans by German soldiers, September 1941

As commander of the rear areas, Roques carried extermination policies against the Soviet partisans, Slavic and Jewish population. In October 1941, Roques was transferred to the Führerreserve. In June 1942 he assumed command of the rear areas of Army Group South, and after the dividing of the army group in Army Group A and Army Group B, he commanded the rear areas of the former. On 1 January 1943, Roques was again placed in the Führerreserve and on 31 March 1943 he was again pensioned off. In August 1943 he went to Warsaw as a representative of the German Red Cross.

After the German capitulation, Roques was arrested and tried in the High Command Trial. He was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment. Moved for reasons of bad health from the Landsberg prison to a hospital in Nürnberg, he died there on 24 December 1949.

Sources

• Jörn Hasenclever: Wehrmacht und Besatzungspolitik in der Sowjetunion : Die Befehlshaber der rückwärtigen Heeresgebiete 1941–1943. Schöningh, Paderborn 2010. ISBN 978-3-506-76709-7.