Lancia Aurelia

Lancia Aurelia
File:Lancia Aurelia-B10.JPG
Overview
Manufacturer	Lancia
Production	1950-1958 18,201 produced
Designer	Vittorio Jano Felice Mario Boano at Ghia (Coupe) Pininfarina (Convertible)
Body and chassis
Class	Grand tourer
Body style	2-door convertible 2-door coupé 4-door saloon
Layout	FR layout
Powertrain
Engine	1.8 L 1,754cc V6 2.0 L 1,991cc V6 2.5 L 2,451cc V6
Chronology
Successor	Lancia Flaminia

The Lancia Aurelia is a grand tourer that was produced by the Italian manufacturer Lancia. Designed by Vittorio Jano, the Aurelia was launched in 1950 and production lasted until the summer of 1958.

The Aurelia used the first production V6 engine, a 60° design developed by Francesco de Virgilio who was, between 1943 and 1948 a Lancia engineer, and who worked under Jano. During production, capacity grew from 1.8 L to 2.5 L. Prototype engines used a bore and stroke of 68 mm x 72 mm for 1569 cc; these were tested between 1946 and 1948. It was an all-alloy pushrod design with a single camshaft between the cylinder banks. A hemispherical combustion chamber and in-line valves were used. A single Solex or Weber carburettor completed the engine. Some uprated 1991 cc models were fitted with twin carburettors.

At the rear was an innovative combination transaxle with the gearbox, clutch, differential, and inboard-mounted drum brakes. The front suspension was a sliding pillar design, with rear semi-trailing arms replaced by a de Dion tube in the Fourth series. The Aurelia was also first car to be fitted with radial tires as standard equipment. Aurelia was named after Via Aurelia, roman road leading from Rome to Pisa.

First series

File:Lancia Aurelia-B10.JPG

Lancia Aurelia B12 Sedan Berlina 1954-55

File:Lancia B50 cabriolet.jpg

Lancia Aurelia B50 cabriolet by Pinin Farina

File:Lancia Aurelia GT 1951.jpg

Lancia Aurelia GT 1951

File:Lancia Aurelia GT 1955.jpg

Lancia Aurelia GT 1955

File:Lancia Aurelia GT 1957.jpg

Lancia Aurelia GT 1957

File:2006 SAG - Lancia Aurelia Gran Turismo 1955-01.JPG

1958 B24 Convertible

The very first Aurelias were the B10 berlinas (sedans). They used a 1754 cc version of the V6 which produced 56 hp (42 kW). The B21 was released in 1951 with a larger 1991 cc 70 hp (52 kW) engine. A 2-door B20 GT coupé appeared that same year. It had a shorter wheelbase and a Ghia-designed, Pininfarina-built body. The same 1991 cc engine produced 75 hp (56 kW) in the B20. In all, 500 first series Aurelias were produced.

Second series

The second series Aurelia coupé pushed power up to 80 hp (60 kW) from the 1991 cc V6 with a higher compression ratio and repositioned valves. Other changes included better brakes and minor styling tweaks, such as chromed bumpers instead of the aluminium ones used in the earlier car. A new dashboard featured two larger instrument gauges. The suspension was unchanged from the first series. A new B22 sedan was released in 1952 with dual Webers and a hotter camshaft for 90 hp (67 kW).

Third series

The third series appeared in 1953 with a larger 2451 cc version of the engine. The rear of the car lost the tail fins of the earlier series.

Fourth series

The fourth series introduced the new de Dion tube rear suspension. The engine was changed from white metal bearings to shell bearings. An open car, the B24 Spider, was introduced at this time (1954 to 1955) and was well received. It was similar to the B20 coupé mechanically, with an 8 inch (203 mm) shorter wheelbase than the coupé.

The fourth series cars were the first Aurelias to be available in left-hand drive; fourth series Aurelias were the first ones to be imported to the US in any number.

This model was immortalized by Dino Risi's 1962 movie Il Sorpasso (The Easy Life), starring Vittorio Gassman. The actual car used for shooting (a single model) was not destroyed during the accident scene sealing the end of the story: an Alfa Romeo Giulietta Spider was used as replacement.

Fifth series

The fifth series coupé, appearing in 1956, was more luxury-oriented. It had a different transaxle (split case), which was more robust and similar to that used in the later Flaminias. The driveshaft was also revised to reduce vibration.

Alongside the fifth series coupés was a revised open car, the B24 convertible. This differed from the earlier B24 Spider, having roll-up windows, better seating position, and a windscreen with vent windows. In mechanical aspects, the B24 convertible was similar to the coupé of the same series.

Sixth series

Power was down to 112 hp (84 kW) for the 1957 sixth series, with increased torque to offset the greater weight of the later car. The sixth series coupés had vent windows, and typically a chrome strip down the bonnet. They were the most touring oriented of the B20 series.

The sixth series B24 convertible was very similar to the fifth series, with some minor differences in trim. Most notably, the fuel tank was in the boot, not behind the seats as it was in the fourth and fifth series open cars. This change, however, did not apply for the first 150 sixth series cars, which were like the fifth series. The sixth series convertibles also featured different seats than either both earlier cars.

Lancia Aurelia Spider (B24)

Produced only in 1954-1955, 240 cars were built. Panoramic front windscreen, distinctive 2 part chrome bumpers, removable side screens, soft top and Pinin Farina styling. 181 LHD cars with B24S ('sinistra') designation; rest, 59 cars, were RHD. All were equipped with 2,451cc engines. Dashboard features 1 prominent and 2 small dials.

In 2014, RM Auctions sold a "barn find" 1955 Aurelia Spider at auction for £500,000 ($805,154 USD). In 2014, Gooding and Company Auctions sold a restored 1955 Aurelia Spider for $1,815,000.

Lancia Aurelia Convertible (B24)

Produced from 1956, second series with many small alterations to the Aurelia Spider. One part chrome bumpers and wider bonnet air-scoop. Cars from this series no longer have panoramic windscreen and now have fixed quarter-lights. 521 cars were built. All had 2,451cc engines. Dashboard features 2 big dials.

B50 Cabriolet

First prototype shown at 1950 Turin Car Show. Produced in small numbers, around 265 cars, by cabriolet-specialist Pinin Farina, B50 Cabriolet was a four-seat comfortable cruiser. Powered by 1,754cc engine. Majority of the production was done between 1950-1952. Some cars had an improved B52 platform.

Racing pedigree

In the 1951 Mille Miglia the 2-litre Aurelia, driven by Giovanni Bracco and Umberto Maglioli, finished 2nd beaten only by the Ferrari America. The same year it took first in class and 12th overall at LeMans. Modified Aurelias took the first three places on 1952's Targa Florio with Felice Bonetto as the winner and another win on Lièges-Rome-Lièges of 1953.

Technical specifications

B21 engine technical specification
Bore: 72.00mm.
Stroke: 81.50mm.
Capacity: 1991cc.
Dry weight: 150 kg.
Firing order: 1L-4R-3L-6R-5L-2R.
Carburetors: Solex 30 AAI, 23 and 24mm venturis.
Power: 75GrossHP@4500RPM.

Production numbers

Aurelia production data
	Berline					B20 coupé		B24	Chassis
Year	B.10	B.21	B.15	B.22	B12	2000	2500	Spider/Convertibile	B50	B51	B52	B53	B55/56	B60	Total
1950	954	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	291	51	---	---	---	---	1296
1951	2994	1118	---	---	---	371	---	---	193	47	---	---	---	---	4723
1952	1326	2123	61	294	---	736	---	---	1	1	86	86	---	---	4714
1953	177	539	20	780	---	124	720	---	---	---	12	---	---	1	2373
1954	---	---	---	---	995	---	573	1[a]	---	---	---	---	---	---	1569 [a]
1955	---	---	---	---	1372	---	426	239	---	---	---	---	10	---	2047
1956	---	---	---	---	33	---	189	150	---	---	---	---	4	---	376
1957	---	---	---	---	---	---	420	176	---	---	---	---	---	---	596
1958	---	---	---	---	---	---	312	195	---	---	---	---	---	---	507
Total/model	5451	3780	81	1074	2400	1231	2640	761 [a]	485	99	98	86	14	1	18201 [a]

[a]= the data does not contain preproduction B24 prototype constructed in 1954

In popular culture

The Lancia Aurelia is featured prominently in the The Calculus Affair, one of The Adventures of Tintin, in the story's car chase scene. The car's Italian driver has great pride in Italian cars, which he claims are the best in the world.

Dino Risi’s 1962 movie The Easy Life (Il Sorpasso, starring Vittorio Gassmann and Jean-Louis Trintignant, a fine example of the Commedia all'italiana genre) features the Lancia Aurelia, one of the most iconic cars in Italian cinema. It was unusual at that time for a film to be filmed almost entirely in a car and The Easy Life can be considered one of the first road movies. The Lancia Aurelia used was a 1958 B24 Convertible and the driving scenes were very unusually filmed on the road rather than with a projected backdrop.

References

Lancia Aurelia at Lanciastory

External links

• Lancia Motor Club (UK)