List of World Heritage Sites in Southern Europe
The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 140 World Heritage Sites in all of the 15 sovereign countries (also called "state parties") of Southern Europe: Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Portugal, San Marino, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain and Vatican City.[1] There are no sites in the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Due to their geographical location, the Portuguese site on Madeira and four Spanish sites on the Canary Islands are not included here but in the List of World Heritage Sites in Africa.[2]
The top two countries by number of World Heritage Sites are located in this region: Italy with 51 sites and Spain with 44 sites (40 sites not including those on the Canary Islands). Seven sites are shared between several countries: Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde (Portugal and Spain), Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes (Italy and Switzerland), Monte San Giorgio (Italy and Switzerland), Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura (Holy See and Italy), Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (France and Spain), Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps (Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland) and Heritage of Mercury - Almadén and Idrija (Slovenia and Spain).[3] The first sites from the region were inscribed in 1979 a year after the list's conception, and included six sites in the former Yugoslavia and one site in Italy.[4][5] Each year, UNESCO's World Heritage Committee may inscribe new sites on the list, or delist sites that no longer meet the criteria. Selection is based on ten criteria: six for cultural heritage (i–vi) and four for natural heritage (vii–x).[6] Some sites, designated "mixed sites," represent both cultural and natural heritage. In Southern Europe, there are 130 cultural, 6 natural, and 4 mixed sites.[3]
The World Heritage Committee may also specify that a site is endangered, citing "conditions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property was inscribed on the World Heritage List." One of the sites (Medieval Monuments in Kosovo) in Southern Europe is listed as endangered and four sites (Old City of Dubrovnik, Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor, Plitvice Lakes National Park and Butrint) were previously listed. Possible danger listing has been considered by UNESCO in a number of other cases.[7][8]
Contents
Legend
The table is sortable by column by clicking on the at the top of the appropriate column; alphanumerically for the Site, Area, and Year columns; by state party for the Location column; and by criteria type for the Criteria column. Transborder sites sort at the bottom.
- Site; named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation[3]
- Location; at city, regional, or provincial level and geocoordinates
- Criteria; as defined by the World Heritage Committee[6]
- Area; in hectares and acres. If available, the size of the buffer zone has been noted as well. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO
- Year; during which the site was inscribed to the World Heritage List
- Description; brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable
Inscribed sites
Sitema | Image | Location | Criteria | Area ha (acre) |
Year | Description | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18th-Century Royal Palace at Caserta with the Park, the Aqueduct of Vanvitelli, and the San Leucio Complex | Provinces of Caserta and Benevento, Campania, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv) |
87 (210); buffer zone 111 (270) | 1997 | [9] | ||
Acropolis, Athens | Attica, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
3.04 (7.5); buffer zone 117 (290) | 1987 | [10] | ||
Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada | Province of Granada, Andalusia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii)(iv) |
— | 1994 | The three sites are remnants of the Moorish influence in southern Spain. The fortress Alhambra and the palace Generalife were built by the rulers of the Emirate of Granada. The Albayzín district contains examples of the Moorish vernacular architecture and was added to the listing in 1994. | [11] | |
Alto Douro Wine Region | Douro Subregion, Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Province, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv)(v) |
24,600 (61,000); buffer zone 225,400 (557,000) | 2001 | [12] | ||
Arab-Norman Palermo and the Cathedral Churches of Cefalù and Monreale | Province of Palermo, Sicily, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
6.24 (15.4); buffer zone 483 (1,190) | 2015 | The new Norman rulers started to build various constructions in what is called the Arab-Norman style. They incorporated the best practices of Arab and Byzantine architecture into their own art. | [13] | |
Aranjuez Cultural Landscape | Aranjuez, Community of Madrid, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
2,048 (5,060); buffer zone 16,605 (41,030) | 2001 | The landscape around the Royal Palace of Aranjuez was developed by the Spanish royal family over a course of three centuries and contains innovative horticultural and design ideas. The area was the exclusive property of the royal family until the 19th century when the modern civilian city developed. | [14] | |
Archaeological Area and the Patriarchal Basilica of Aquileia | Province of Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv)(vi) |
155 (380) | 1998 | [15] | ||
Archaeological Area of Agrigento | Province of Agrigento, Sicily, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv) |
934 (2,310); buffer zone 1,869 (4,620) | 1997 | [16] | ||
Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata | Province of Naples, Campania, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv)(v) |
98 (240); buffer zone 24 (59) | 1997 | [17] | ||
Archaeological Ensemble of Tárraco | Province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii) |
100 (250) | 2000 | The prominent Roman city of Tárraco at the site of modern-day Tarragona served as the capital of the provinces of Hispania Citerior and later Hispania Tarraconensis. The amphitheatre was constructed in the 2nd century. Most remains are only fragments or preserved under more modern buildings. | [18] | |
Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida | Province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv) |
— | 1993 | Mérida was founded in 25 BC by the Romans as Emerita Augusta and was the capital of the Lusitania province. Remains from the Roman era include a bridge, aqueduct, amphitheatre, theatre, circus, and forum. | [19] | |
Archaeological Site of Aigai (modern name Vergina) | Imathia, Central Macedonia, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii) |
1,421 (3,510); buffer zone 4,812 (11,890) | 1996 | [20] | ||
Archaeological Site of Atapuerca | Province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(v) |
— | 2000 | The caves in the Atapuerca Mountains contain fossil remains of the earliest human beings discovered in Europe dating from nearly one million years ago. The Sima de los Huesos or "Pit of Bones" contains the world's largest collection of hominid fossils. | [21] | |
Archaeological Site of Delphi | Phocis, Central Greece, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
51 (130); buffer zone 14,314 (35,370) | 1987 | [22] | ||
Archaeological Site of Mystras | Laconia, Peloponnese, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(iv) |
54 (130); buffer zone 1,203 (2,970) | 1989 | [23] | ||
Archaeological Site of Olympia | Elis, Western Peloponnese, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
106 (260); buffer zone 1,458 (3,600) | 1989 | [24] | ||
Archaeological Sites of Mycenae and Tiryns | Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
— | 1999 | [25] | ||
Assisi, the Basilica of San Francesco and Other Franciscan Sites | Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
14,563 (35,990); buffer zone 4,087 (10,100) | 2000 | [26] | ||
Botanical Garden (Orto Botanico), Padua | City and Province of Padua, Veneto, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii) |
2.20 (5.4); buffer zone 11 (27) | 1997 | [27] | ||
Burgos Cathedral | Burgos, Province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi) |
— | 1984 | The Gothic-style cathedral was constructed between the 13th and 16th centuries. It is the burial place of Spanish national hero, El Cid. | [28] | |
Butrint | Sarandë District, Albania Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii) |
3,980 (9,800); buffer zone 4,611 (11,390) | 1992[nb 1] | The site had been listed as endangered 1997–2005 following damages due to management and conservation. | [29] [30] [31] |
|
Castel del Monte | Andria and Corato, Province of Bari, Apulia, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii) |
3.10 (7.7); buffer zone 10,847 (26,800) | 1996 | [32] | ||
Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí | Province of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
— | 2000 | The small valley at the edge of the Pyrenees contains churches in Romanesque style decorated with Romanesque murals, statues, and altars. The churches are unique for their tall, square bell towers. | [33] | |
Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville | Province of Seville, Andalusia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(vi) |
12 (30); buffer zone 187 (460) | 1987[nb 2] | The Alcázar was built during the Almohad dynasty that ruled southern Spain until the Reconquista. The cathedral dates to the 15th century and holds the tombs of Ferdinand III and Christopher Columbus. The Archivo (Archive) houses documents relating to the colonization of the Americas. | [34] | |
Cathedral, Torre Civica and Piazza Grande, Modena | City and Province of Modena, Emilia–Romagna, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv) |
1.20 (3.0); buffer zone 1.10 (2.7) | 1997 | [35] | ||
Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain | Santillana del Mar, Cantabria, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii) |
2,235 (5,520) | 1985[nb 3] | The Cave of Altamira contains examples of cave painting from the Upper Paleolithic period, ranging from 35,000 to 11,000 BC. The original listing contained seventeen decorated caves. The caves are well-preserved because of their deep isolation from the external climate. | [36] | |
Central Zone of the Town of Angra do Heroismo in the Azores | Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv)(vi) |
— | 1983 | [37] | ||
Church and Dominican Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie with "The Last Supper" by Leonardo da Vinci | Province of Milano, Lombardy, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii) |
1.50 (3.7) | 1980 | [38] | ||
Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park with the Archeological sites of Paestum and Velia, and the Certosa di Padula | Province of Salerno, Campania, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv) |
159,110 (393,200); buffer zone 178,101 (440,100) | 1998 | [39] | ||
City of Valletta | Malta Island, Malta Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(vi) |
56 (140) | 1980 | [40] | ||
City of Verona | City and Province of Verona, Veneto, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
453 (1,120); buffer zone 431 (1,070) | 2000 | [41] | ||
City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto | Provinces of Padua, Rovigo, Treviso, Venice, Verona and Vicenza, Veneto, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii) |
334 (830) | 1994[nb 4] | [42] [43] |
||
Convent of Christ in Tomar | Tomar, Santarém District, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(vi) |
— | 1983 | [44] | ||
Costiera Amalfitana | Province of Salerno, Campania, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(v) |
11,231 (27,750) | 1997 | [45] | ||
Crespi d'Adda | Province of Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv)(v) |
— | 1995 | [46] | ||
Cultural Landscape of Sintra | Sintra, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(v) |
946 (2,340); buffer zone 3,641 (9,000) | 1995 | [47] | ||
Cultural Landscape of the Serra de Tramuntana | Mallorca, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(v) |
30,745 (75,970); buffer zone 78,617 (194,270) | 2011 | [48] | ||
Delos | Cyclades, South Aegean, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
351 (870) | 1990 | [49] | ||
Doñana National Park | 150x150px | Huelva and Seville Provinces, Andalusia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Natural: (vii)(ix)(x) |
54,252 (134,060) | 1994[nb 5] | The park consists of the delta region where the Guadalquivir River reaches the Atlantic Ocean. It is home to a diverse variety of biotopes, such as lagoons, marshlands, dunes, and maquis. The park is one of the largest heronries in the Mediterranean region and holds more than 500,000 water fowl during the winter period. | [50] [51] |
Durmitor National Park | Montenegro Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Natural: (vii)(viii)(x) |
32,100 (79,000) | 1980[nb 6] | [52] [53] |
||
Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna | City and Province of Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv) |
1.32 (3.3) | 1996 | [54] | ||
Episcopal Complex of the Euphrasian Basilica in the Historic Centre of Poreč | Poreč, Istria County, Croatia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(iv) |
1.10 (2.7) | 1997 | The episcopal complex, with its striking mosaics dating back to the 6th century, is one of the best examples of early Byzantine art and architecture in the Mediterranean region and the world. It includes the basilica itself, a sacristy, a baptistery and the bell tower of the nearby archbishop's palace. | [55] | |
Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia | Provinces of Rome and Viterbo, Lazio, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii)(iv) |
21 (52); buffer zone 5,786 (14,300) | 2004 | [56] | ||
Ferrara, City of the Renaissance, and its Po Delta | City and Province of Ferrara, Emilia–Romagna, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(iv)(v)(vi) |
46,712 (115,430); buffer zone 117,649 (290,720) | 1995[nb 7] | [57] [58] |
||
Garrison Border Town of Elvas and its Fortifications | Alentejo, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv) |
179 (440); buffer zone 608 (1,500) | 2012 | The site, extensively fortified from the 17th to 19th centuries, represents the largest bulwarked dry ditch system in the work. Within its walls, the town contains barracks and other military buildings as well as churches and monasteries. While Elvas contains remains dating back to the 10th century A.D., its fortification began when Portugal regained independence in 1640. The fortifications designed by Dutch Jesuit Padre João Piscásio Cosmander represent the best surviving example of the Dutch school of fortifications anywhere. The site also contains the Amoreira Aqueduct, built to enable the stronghold to withstand lengthy sieges. | [59] | |
Gamzigrad-Romuliana, Palace of Galerius | Eastern Serbia, Serbia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv) |
179 (440); buffer zone 545 (1,350) | 2007 | The Late Roman fortified palace compound and memorial complex of Gamzigrad-Romuliana, Palace of Galerius, in the east of Serbia, was commissioned by Emperor Caius Valerius Galerius Maximianus, in the late 3rd and early 4th centuries. It was known as Felix Romuliana, named after the emperor’s mother. The site consists of fortifications, the palace in the north-western part of the complex, basilicas, temples, hot baths, memorial complex, and a tetrapylon. The group of buildings is also unique in its intertwining of ceremonial and memorial functions. | [60] | |
Genoa: Le Strade Nuove and the system of the Palazzi dei Rolli | Province of Genoa, Liguria, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
16 (40); buffer zone 113 (280) | 2006 | [61] | ||
Hal Saflieni Hypogeum | Paola, Malta Island, Malta Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii) |
— | 1980 | [62] | ||
Heritage of Mercury. Almadén and Idrija | Slovenia; Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
104 (260) | 2012 | [63] | ||
Historical Complex of Split with the Palace of Diocletian | Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(iv) |
21 (52) | 1979 | The palace was built by the Roman emperor Diocletian at the turn of the fourth century AD, and later served as the basis of the city of Split. A cathedral was built in the Middle Ages inside the ancient mausoleum, along with churches, fortifications, Gothic and Renaissance palaces. The Baroque style makes up the rest of the area. | [64] | |
Historic Centre of Cordoba | Province of Córdoba, Andalusia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv) |
— | 1984[nb 8] | The original listing was the Great Mosque of Córdoba, a 7th-century mosque converted to a Roman Catholic cathedral in the 13th century by Ferdinand III. During the high period of the Moorish rule of the region, Córdoba had over 300 mosques and architecture that compared to that of Constantinople, Damascus, and Baghdad. | [65] [66] |
|
Historic Centre of Évora | Évora Municipality, Alentejo, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
— | 1986 | [67] | ||
Historic Centre of Florence | City and Province of Florence, Tuscany, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
505 (1,250) | 1982 | [68] | ||
Historic Centre of Guimarães | Braga District, Minho Province, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(iv) |
16 (40); buffer zone 45 (110) | 2001 | [69] | ||
Historic Centre of Naples | City and Province of Naples, Campania, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
— | 1995 | [70] | ||
Historic Centre of Oporto | Norte, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv) |
— | 1996 | [71] | ||
Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura | Holy See; Rome, Lazio, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
1,485 (3,670) | 1980[nb 9] | [72] | ||
Historic Centre of San Gimignano | San Gimignano, Province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii)(iv) |
14 (35) | 1990 | [73] | ||
Historic Centre of Siena | City and Province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv) |
170 (420); buffer zone 9,907 (24,480) | 1995 | [74] | ||
Historic Centre of the City of Pienza | Pienza, Province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv) |
4.41 (10.9) | 1996 | [75] | ||
Historic Centre of Urbino | Province of Pesaro, Marche, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
29 (72); buffer zone 3,609 (8,920) | 1998 | [76] | ||
Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra | Berat and Gjirokastër, Albania Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv) |
59 (150); buffer zone 136 (340) | 2005[nb 10] | [77] | ||
Historic City of Toledo | Province of Toledo, Castile–La Mancha, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(vi) |
— | 1986 | Toledo was founded by the Romans, served as the capital of the Visigothic Kingdom, was important in Muslim Spain and during the Reconquista, and briefly served as the capital of Spain. The city combines Christian, Muslim, and Jewish influences. | [78] | |
Historic City of Trogir | Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(v) |
6.40 (15.8); buffer zone 4.80 (11.9) | 2008 | Trogir's rich culture was created under the influence of old Greeks, Romans, and Venetians. It is the best-preserved Romanesque-Gothic complex not only in the Adriatic, but in all of Central Europe. Trogir's medieval core, surrounded by walls, comprises a preserved castle and tower and a series of dwellings and palaces from the Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque periods. | [79] | |
Historic Walled Town of Cuenca | Province of Cuenca, Castile–La Mancha, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(v) |
— | 1996 | The Moors built the fortified city in the early 8th century, and it was captured by the Christians in the 12th century. The cathedral is the first Gothic example in Spain. The town is also famous for its casas colgados, houses that hang over the edge of a cliff. | [80] | |
Ibiza, Biodiversity and Culture | Balearic Islands, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Mixed: (ii)(iii)(iv)(ix)(x) |
8,564 (21,160) | 1999 | The coast of Ibiza is home to posidonia oceanica, a seagrass only found in the Mediterranean that supports a diverse coastal and marine ecosystem. The island also contains numerous Phoenician ruins, and the fortified and walled older portions of the city date to the 16th century. | [81] | |
Isole Eolie (Aeolian Islands) | Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Natural: (viii) |
1,216 (3,000) | 2000 | [82] | ||
La Lonja de la Seda de Valencia | Valencia, Province of Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iv) |
— | 1996 | La Lonja (or Llotja in Valencian language) de la Seda means Silk Exchange in English, and the group of Gothic buildings demonstrate the wealth of Valencia as an important Mediterranean and European mercantile city in the period. | [83] | |
Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture | Azores, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(v) |
190 (470); buffer zone 2,445 (6,040) | 2004 | [84] | ||
Las Médulas | Province of León, Castile and León, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv) |
— | 1997 | The Romans established a gold mine and worked the site for two centuries. They used an early form of hydraulic mining and cut aqueducts in the rock cliffs to provide water for the operations. The Romans left in the early 3rd century, leaving sheer cliff faces and mining infrastructure that is intact today. | [85] | |
Late Baroque Towns of the Val di Noto (South-Eastern Sicily) | Provinces of Catania, Ragusa and Syracuse, Sicily, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv)(v) |
113 (280); buffer zone 306 (760) | 2002 | [86] | ||
Longobards in Italy. Places of the power (568-774 A.D.) | Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(vi) |
14 (35); buffer zone 306 (760) | 2011 | The site includes seven Longobards towns: Brescia, Cividale del Friuli, Castelseprio, Spoleto, Campello sul Clitunno, Benevento and Monte Sant'Angelo. | [87] | |
Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley | Encamp, Andorra la Vella, Sant Julià de Lòria, Escaldes-Engordany, Andorra Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (v) |
— | 2004[nb 11] | [88] [89] |
||
Mantua and Sabbioneta | Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii) |
235 (580); buffer zone 2,330 (5,800) | 2008 | [90] | ||
Medieval City of Rhodes | Rhodes, South Aegean, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(v) |
66 (160) | 1988 | [91] | ||
Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany | Tuscany, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi) |
125 (310); buffer zone 3,539 (8,750) | 2013 | [92] | ||
Medieval Monuments in Kosovo | Kosovo,[nb 12] officially listed as Autonomous Province of Kosovo, Serbia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(iv) |
2.88 (7.1); buffer zone 115 (280) | 2004[nb 13] | The four edifices of the site reflect the high points of the Byzantine-Romanesque ecclesiastical culture, with its distinct style of wall painting, which developed in the Balkans between the 13th and 17th centuries. The Dečani Monastery was built in the mid-14th century for the Serbian king Stefan Dečanski and is also his mausoleum. The Patriarchate of Peć Monastery is a group of four domed churches featuring series of wall paintings. The 13th-century frescoes of the Church of Holy Apostles are painted in a unique, monumental style. Early 14th-century frescoes in the church of the Holy Virgin of Ljevisa represent the appearance of the new so-called Palaiologian Renaissance style, combining the influences of the eastern Orthodox Byzantine and the Western Romanesque traditions. The style played a decisive role in subsequent Balkan art. The site has been listed as endangered since 2006 due to a lack of legal protection and management; political instability and security. | [93] [94] |
|
Megalithic Temples of Malta | Gozo and Malta Island, Malta Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv) |
— | 1980[nb 14] | [95] | ||
Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge in Višegrad | Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
1.50 (3.7); buffer zone 12 (30) | 2007 | [96] | ||
Meteora | Trikala, Thessaly, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Mixed: (i)(ii)(iv)(v)(vii) |
272 (670); buffer zone 1,884 (4,660) | 1988 | [97] | ||
Monasteries of Daphni, Hosios Loukas and Nea Moni of Chios | Attica, Central Greece and North Aegean, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iv) |
3.70 (9.1); buffer zone 5,816 (14,370) | 1990 | [98] | ||
Monastery and Site of the Escurial, Madrid | San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Community of Madrid, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(vi) |
— | 1984 | El Escorial is one of several Spanish royal sites due to its history as a residence of the royal family. The palace was designed by King Philip II and architect Juan Bautista de Toledo to serve as a monument to Spain's central role in the Christian world. | [99] | |
Monastery of Alcobaça | Alcobaça, Leiria District, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iv) |
— | 1989 | [100] | ||
Monastery of Batalha | Batalha, Leiria District, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii) |
0.98 (2.4); buffer zone 86 (210) | 1983 | [101] | ||
Monastery of the Hieronymites and Tower of Belém in Lisbon | Lisbon, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(vi) |
2.66 (6.6); buffer zone 103 (250) | 1983[nb 15] | [102] | ||
Monte San Giorgio | Italy; Switzerland Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Natural: (viii) |
1,089 (2,690); buffer zone 3,207 (7,920) | 2003[nb 16] | [103] [104] |
||
Monuments of Oviedo and the Kingdom of the Asturias | Asturias, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv) |
— | 1985[nb 17] | The Kingdom of Asturias remained the only Christian region of Spain in the 9th century. It developed its own style of Pre-Romanesque art and architecture that is displayed in various churches and other monuments. The original entry titled "Churches of the Kingdom of the Asturias" and was extended to include other monuments such as La Foncalada. | [105] [106] |
|
Mount Athos | Autonomous region of Mount Athos, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Mixed: (i)(ii)(iv)(v)(vi)(vii) |
33,042 (81,650) | 1988 | [107] | ||
Mount Etna | Sicily, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Natural: (viii) |
19,237 (47,540) | 2013 | [108] | ||
Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon | Teruel and Zaragoza Provinces, Aragon, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi) |
— | 1986[nb 18] | The original listing contained four churches in Teruel in the Mudéjar style, a blending of traditional Islamic and contemporary European styles. In 2001, the listing was expanded to include an additional six monuments. | [109] | |
Natural and Cultural Heritage of the Ohrid region | Ohrid Municipality, Macedonia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Mixed: (i)(iii)(iv)(vii) |
83,350 (206,000) | 1979[nb 19] | [110] [111] |
||
Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor | Bay of Kotor, Kotor and surrounding territory, Montenegro Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv) |
— | 1979 | The site had been listed as endangered 1979–2003 following the damage due to an earthquake from April 15, 1979. | [112] [113] [114] |
|
Old Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar | Herzegovina-Neretva Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (vi) |
— | 2005 | [115] | ||
Old City of Dubrovnik | Dubrovnik-Neretva County, Croatia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii)(iv) |
97 (240); buffer zone 54 (130) | 1979[nb 20] | Dubrovnik became a prosperous Maritime republic during the Middle Ages, it became the only eastern Adriatic city-state to rival Venice. Supported by its wealth and skilled diplomacy, the city achieved a remarkable level of development, particularly during the 15th and 16th centuries. The site had been listed as World Heritage in Danger 1991–1998 due to the Croatian War of Independence. | [116] [117] [118] |
|
Old City of Salamanca | Province of Salamanca, Castile and León, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv) |
— | 1988 | Salamanca is important as a university city, as the University of Salamanca, founded in 1218, is the oldest in Spain and among the oldest in Europe. The city was first conquered by the Carthaginians in the 3rd century, and later ruled by the Romans and Moors. The city centre represents Romanesque, Gothic, Moorish, Renaissance, and Baroque architecture. | [119] | |
Old Town of Ávila with its Extra-Muros Churches | Province of Ávila, Castile and León, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv) |
— | 1985[nb 21] | The defensive wall surrounding the original town was constructed in the 11th century. It features 82 semicircular towers and 9 gates, and is one of the most complete examples of town walls in Spain. | [120] | |
Old Town of Cáceres | Province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv) |
— | 1986 | The old town combines Roman, Islamic, Northern Gothic, and Italian Renaissance architectural influences, including more than 30 Islamic towers. | [121] | |
Old Town of Corfu | Corfu, Ionian Islands, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv) |
70 (170); buffer zone 162 (400) | 2007 | [122] | ||
Old Town of Segovia and its Aqueduct | Province of Segovia, Castile and León, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii)(iv) |
— | 1985 | The Roman aqueduct was constructed in the 1st century, the medieval Alcázar palace in the 11th century, and the cathedral in the 16th. | [123] | |
Palau de la Música Catalana and Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona | Province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv) |
— | 1997[nb 22] | Both buildings were constructed in the early 20th century and designed by Lluís Domènech i Montaner in the modernist Art Nouveau movement that was very popular in Barcelona in that period. The two buildings are Montaner's most famous works. | [124] | |
Paleochristian and Byzantine Monuments of Thessalonika | Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv) |
5.33 (13.2) | 1988 | [125] | ||
Palmeral of Elche | Province of Alicante, Valencian Community, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(v) |
— | 2000 | The grove of date palm trees was formally laid out with irrigation systems under the Moors in the 10th century. The palmeral is a rare example of Arab agricultural practices in Europe. | [126] | |
Piazza del Duomo, Pisa | City and Province of Pisa, Tuscany, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv)(vi) |
8.87 (21.9); buffer zone 254 (630) | 1987[nb 23] | [127] [128] |
||
Plitvice Lakes National Park | Lika-Senj County, Croatia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Natural: (vii)(viii)(ix) |
19,200 (47,000) | 1979[nb 24] | Over time, water has flown over the natural limestone and chalk, creating natural dams which in turn have created a series of connecting lakes, waterfalls, and caves. The nearby forests are home to bears, wolves and many rare bird species. The site had been listed as endangered 1992–1997 due to the potential threat from the Croatian War of Independence. | [129] [130] [131] |
|
Poblet Monastery | Vimbodí i Poblet, Province of Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iv) |
— | 1991 | The monastery was founded by the Cistercians in 1151 and is one of the largest in Spain. It is associated with various royal families in medieval Spain, particularly the kings of Aragon. It is the burial place of Aragon monarchs Alfonso II, John I, John II, James I, Ferdinana I, and Peter IV. | [132] | |
Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto) | Province of La Spezia, Liguria, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(v) |
4,689 (11,590) | 1997 | [133] | ||
Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps | Austria; France; Germany; Italy; Slovenia; Switzerland Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv)(v) |
274 (680); buffer zone 3,961 (9,790) | 2011 | [134] | ||
Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde | Portugal; Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii) |
— | 1998[nb 25] | The original 1998 listing contained examples of Upper Palaeolithic rock art in the Côa Valley of Portugal. In 2010 it was extended to include 645 engravings in the archaeological zone of Siega Verde in Spain. The two sites represent the most well-preserved collection of open-air Palaolithic art in the Iberian peninsula. | [135] | |
Pyrénées - Mont Perdu | Gèdre, Hautes-Pyrénées, Midi-Pyrénées, France; Communes of Torla, Fanlo, Tella-Sin, Puértolas and Bielsa in Province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Mixed: (iii)(iv)(v)(vii)(viii) |
30,639 (75,710) | 1997[nb 26] | The site contains the Pyrenees mountain chain along the French-Spanish border. The Spanish portion contains two of the largest canyons in Europe, while the French side contains three large cirque walls | [136] | |
Pythagoreion and Heraion of Samos | Samos, North Aegean, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii) |
668 (1,650); buffer zone 402 (990) | 1992 | [137] | ||
Renaissance Monumental Ensembles of Úbeda and Baeza | Province of Jaen, Andalusia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
9.00 (22.2); buffer zone 176 (430) | 2003 | Renovations of the two towns in the 16th century were done under the emerging Renaissance style and are among the first examples of the style in Spain. | [138] | |
Residences of the Royal House of Savoy | Province of Turin, Piedmont, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv)(v) |
371 (920); buffer zone 6,931 (17,130) | 1997[nb 27] | [139] [140] |
||
Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina Landscapes | Italy; Switzerland Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
152 (380); buffer zone 109,386 (270,300) | 2008 | [141] | ||
Rock Art of the Mediterranean Basin on the Iberian Peninsula | Andalusia, Aragon, Castile–La Mancha, Catalonia, Murcia and Valencia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii) |
— | 1998 | The site includes over 750 examples of rock art from the late prehistoric period, which feature images ranging from geometric shapes to scenes of men hunting animals. | [142] | |
Rock Drawings in Valcamonica | Province of Brescia, Lombardy, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(vi) |
432 (1,070); buffer zone 1,018 (2,520) | 1979 | [143] | ||
Roman Walls of Lugo | Province of Lugo, Galicia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv) |
— | 2000 | The walls built to protect the Roman town of Lucus in the 3rd century remain entirely intact and are the best remaining example in Western Europe. | [144] | |
Route of Santiago de Compostela | Aragon, Navarre, La Rioja, Castile and León and Galicia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi) |
— | 1993 | The Route, or the Way of St. James, is a pilgrimage from the French-Spanish border to the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, where the apostle James is believed to be buried. | [145] | |
Royal Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe | Guadalupe, Province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv)(vi) |
— | 1993 | The monastery is home of Our Lady of Guadalupe, a shrine to Mary found in the 13th century after being buried from Muslim invaders in 714. The Virgin of Guadalupe and the monastery served as important symbols during the Reconquista, culminating in 1492, the same year as Columbus' discovery of America. The Guadalupe Virgin became an important symbol during the evangelization of America. | [146] | |
Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy | Lombardy, Piedmont, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv) |
91 (220); buffer zone 722 (1,780) | 2003 | [147] | ||
Sanctuary of Asklepios at Epidaurus | Argolis, Peloponnese, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
1,394 (3,440); buffer zone 3,386 (8,370) | 1988 | [148] | ||
San Marino Historic Centre and Mount Titano | San Marino Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii) |
55 (140); buffer zone 167 (410) | 2008 | [149] | ||
San Millán Yuso and Suso Monasteries | San Millán de la Cogolla, La Rioja, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi) |
19 (47); buffer zone 266 (660) | 1997 | The original Suso monastery was founded in the mid-6th century, and is the location where the Glosas Emilianenses were written. The codixes are considered the first written examples of the Spanish and Basque languages, and the monastery is considered the birthplace of written and spoken Spanish. The newer Yuso monastery was built in the 16th century. | [150] | |
Santiago de Compostela (Old Town) | Province of A Coruña, Galicia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(vi) |
— | 1985 | The Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela is the reputed burial-place of the apostle James, and is the terminus of the Way of St. James, a pilgrimage across northern Spain. The town was destroyed by Muslims in the 10th century and rebuilt during the following century. | [151] | |
Škocjan Caves | Škocjan pri Divaci, Matavun and Betanja in Divača and Sežana communes, Obalno-kraška statistical region, Slovenia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Natural: (vii)(viii) |
413 (1,020) | 1986 | [152] | ||
Stari Grad Plain | Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(v) |
1,377 (3,400); buffer zone 6,403 (15,820) | 2008 | The Stari Grad Plain is an agricultural landscape that was set up by the ancient Greek colonists in the 4th century BC, and remains in use today. The plain is generally still in its original form. The ancient layout has been preserved by careful maintenance of the stone walls over 24 centuries. | [153] | |
Stari Ras and Sopoćani | near Novi Pazar, Raška District, Serbia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii) |
199 (490); buffer zone 9,936 (24,550) | 1979 | On the outskirts of Stari Ras, the first capital of Serbia, there is an impressive group of medieval monuments consisting of fortresses, churches and monasteries. The monastery at Sopoćani is a reminder of the contacts between Western civilization and the Byzantine world. | [154] | |
Studenica Monastery | Kraljevo, Raška District, Serbia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv)(vi) |
1.16 (2.9); buffer zone 269 (660) | 1986 | The Studenica Monastery was established in the late 12th century by Stefan Nemanja, founder of the medieval Serb state, shortly after his abdication. It is the largest and richest of Serbia’s Orthodox monasteries. Its two principal monuments, the Church of the Virgin and the Church of the King, both built of white marble, enshrine priceless collections of 13th- and 14th-century Byzantine painting. | [155] | |
Su Nuraxi di Barumini | Barumini, Province of Medio Campidano, Sardinia, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(iii)(iv) |
2.33 (5.8); buffer zone 3.92 (9.7) | 1997 | [156] | ||
Syracuse and the Rocky Necropolis of Pantalica | City and Province of Syracuse, Sicily, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
— | 2005 | [157] | ||
Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae | Messenia, Arcadia and Elis, Western Peloponnese, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii) |
20 (49); buffer zone 202 (500) | 1986 | [158] | ||
The Cathedral of St James in Šibenik | Šibenik, Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv) |
0.10 (0.25) | 2000 | The cathedral is a triple-nave basilica with three apses and a dome (32 m high inside) and is also one of the most important architectural monument of the Renaissance in the eastern Adriatic. | [159] | |
The Dolomites | Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Natural: (vii)(viii) |
141,903 (350,650); buffer zone 89,267 (220,580) | 2009 | [160] | ||
The Historic Centre (Chorá) with the Monastery of Saint-John the Theologian and the Cave of the Apocalypse | Patmos, Dodecanese, South Aegean, Greece Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi) |
— | 1999 | [161] | ||
The Sassi and the Park of the Rupestrian Churches of Matera | City and Province of Matera, Basilicata, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv)(v) |
1,016 (2,510); buffer zone 4,365 (10,790) | 1993 | [162] | ||
The Trulli of Alberobello | Province of Bari, Apulia, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(iv)(v) |
11 (27) | 1996 | [163] | ||
Tower of Hercules | A Coruña, Galicia, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii) |
233 (580); buffer zone 1,936 (4,780) | 2009 | The Romans built this 55 metres (180 ft) lighthouse on a 57 metres (187 ft) rock to mark the entrance to the A Coruña harbor. It is the only fully preserved and functioning Roman lighthouse. | [164] | |
University and Historic Precinct of Alcalá de Henares | Community of Madrid, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi) |
— | 1998 | Cardinal Cisneros founded the University of Alcalá in 1499 and is the first example of the planned university city, serving as a model to other European universities and Spanish missionaries in America. The city is the birthplace of Miguel de Cervantes, known for his contributions to the Spanish language and Western literature. | [165] | |
University of Coimbra – Alta and Sofia | Coimbra, Portugal Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (ii)(iv)(vi) |
36 (89); buffer zone 82 (200) | 2013 | [166] | ||
Val d'Orcia | Province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iv)(vi) |
61,188 (151,200); buffer zone 5,660 (14,000) | 2004 | [167] | ||
Vatican City | Holy See Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv)(vi) |
— | 1984 | [168] | ||
Venice and its Lagoon | Province of Venezia, Veneto, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v)(vi) |
— | 1987 | [169] | ||
Villa Adriana (Tivoli) | Tivoli, Province of Rome, Lazio, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii) |
80 (200); buffer zone 500 (1,200) | 1999 | [170] | ||
Villa d'Este, Tivoli | Tivoli, Province of Rome, Lazio, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) |
4.50 (11.1); buffer zone 7.00 (17.3) | 2001 | [171] | ||
Villa Romana del Casale | Piazza Armerina, Province of Enna, Sicily, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iii) |
8.92 (22.0); buffer zone 10 (25) | 1997 | [172] | ||
Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato | Langhe and Montferrat, Piedmont, Italy Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (iii)(v) |
10,789 (26,660); buffer zone 76,249 (188,420) | 2014 | The site covers five wine growing areas as well as Cavour Castle. Wine making has existed in Piedmont since at least the Roman era and has continued since then. The region was also an important trading place between the Etruscans and the Celts and traces of their words still appear in the local dialect. | [173] | |
Vizcaya Bridge | Biscay, Basque Country, Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii) |
0.86 (2.1); buffer zone 12 (30) | 2006 | The bridge was designed by Alberto Palacio to cross the Nervion without disrupting maritime traffic to the Port of Bilbao. It was built in 1893 and is the world's first transporter bridge. | [174] | |
Works of Antoni Gaudí | Spain Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. |
Cultural: (i)(ii)(iv) |
— | 1984[nb 28] | The architecture of Antoni Gaudí is part of the Modernist style, but his designs are described as highly unique. The original listing featured Park Güell, Palau Güell, and Casa Milà; the 2005 extension added Casa Vicens, the crypt and nativity façade of Sagrada Família, Casa Batlló, and the crypt at Colònia Güell. | [175] [176] |
Notes
- ↑ Extended in 1999 by a small coastal area in order to prevent tourism developments and minor modification in 2007 declaring the Butrint National Park as buffer zone.
- ↑ Minor boundary modification in 2010.
- ↑ Extended in 2008 to include the Palaeolithic cave art of Northern Spain and name change from Altamira Cave to the present name.
- ↑ Extended in 1996 to include sites outside of the vicinity of Vicenza and name change from Vicenza, City of Palladio to the present name.
- ↑ Extended in 2005 to bring the property in line with the extended National Park.
- ↑ Minor modification of boundaries in 2005 to bring it in line with those of the state National Park.
- ↑ Extended in 1999 to include the Po Delta and name change from Ferrara, city of the Renaissance to the present name.
- ↑ Extended in 1994 to include the surroundings of the Cathedral–Mosque of Córdoba and name change from Mosque of Cordoba to the present name.
- ↑ Extended in 1990 and name change from Historic Centre of Rome to the present name.
- ↑ Extension of borders in 2008.
- ↑ Minor extension of the buffer zone in 2006.
- ↑ Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the Brussels Agreement. Kosovo has been recognised as an independent state by 108 out of 193 United Nations member states.
- ↑ Extended in 2006 to include the Patriarchate of Peć monastery, the Gračanica monastery and Our Lady of Ljeviš. Name change from Dečani Monastery to the present name.
- ↑ Extended in 1992 to include the temples of Ħaġar Qim, Mnajdra, Ta' Ħaġrat, Skorba and Tarxien.
- ↑ Extension of the buffer zone of the Tower of Belém in 2008.
- ↑ Extended in 2010 to include the Italian portion of the site.
- ↑ Extended in 1998 to include the Cámara Santa, San Julián de los Prados and the La Foncalada fountain in Oviedo. Name change from Churches of the Kingdom of the Asturias to the present name.
- ↑ Extended in 2001 to include architecture outside of Teruel in Calatayud, Cervera de la Cañada, Tobed and Zaragoza. Name change from Mudejar Architecture of Teruel to the present name.
- ↑ Extended in 1980 to include the cultural and historical area and name change from Lake Ohrid to Ohrid region with its cultural and historical aspects and its natural environment. Minor boundary modification in 2009.
- ↑ Extended in 1994.
- ↑ Minor extension of the boundary in 2007.
- ↑ Minor modification of the buffer zone in 2008.
- ↑ Minor modification to boundaries in 2007.
- ↑ Extended in 2000 by 10,020 ha (24,800 acres) to ensure the integrity of the site.
- ↑ Extended in 2010 by the Siega Verde site in Spain and name change from Prehistoric Rock Art Sites in the Côa Valley to the present name.
- ↑ Extended in 1999 by an area of 550 ha (1,400 acres) in the upper Valley of Héas.
- ↑ Minor modification of boundaries in 2010.
- ↑ Extended in 2005 to include the Nativity façade and Crypt of Sagrada Familia, Casa Vicens, Casa Batlló, and the Crypt in Colonia Güell. Name change from Parque Güell, Palacio Güell and Casa Mila in Barcelona to the present name.
References
- General
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- Notes
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>
tag; name "list" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ ”Le genie architectural des Normands a su s’adapter aux lieux en prenant ce qu’il y a de meilleur dans le savoir-faire des batisseurs arabes et byzantins”, Les Normands en Sicile, p.14
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 21st session 1997, pp. 24–25
- ↑ 29th session 2005, pp. 31–32
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 30th session 2006, pp. 157–158
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 27th session 2003, p. 27
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ 16th session 1992, pp. 24–25
- ↑ 21st session 1997, pp. 10–11
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
- ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.