List of baryons

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A diagram of a proton, one of the most famous baryons, containing two up quarks and one down quark

Baryons are composite particles made of three quarks, as opposed to mesons, which are composite particles made of one quark and one antiquark. Baryons and mesons are both hadrons, which are particles composed solely of quarks or both quarks and antiquarks. The term baryon is derived from the Greek "βαρύς" (barys), meaning "heavy", because, at the time of their naming, it was believed that baryons were characterized by having greater masses than other particles that were classed as matter.

Until a few years ago, it was believed that some experiments showed the existence of pentaquarks – baryons made of four quarks and one antiquark.[1][2] The particle physics community as a whole did not view their existence as likely by 2006.[3] On 13 July 2015, the LHCb collaboration at CERN reported results consistent with pentaquark states in the decay of bottom Lambda baryons (Λ0
b).[4]

Since baryons are composed of quarks, they participate in the strong interaction. Leptons, on the other hand, are not composed of quarks and as such do not participate in the strong interaction. The most famous baryons are the protons and neutrons that make up most of the mass of the visible matter in the universe, whereas electrons, the other major component of atoms, are leptons. Each baryon has a corresponding antiparticle known as an antibaryon in which quarks are replaced by their corresponding antiquarks. For example, a proton is made of two up quarks and one down quark, while its corresponding antiparticle, the antiproton, is made of two up antiquarks and one down antiquark.

Lists of baryons

These lists detail all known and predicted baryons in total angular momentum J = ​1⁄2 and J = ​3⁄2 configurations with positive parity.

  • Baryons composed of one type of quark (uuu, ddd, ...) can exist in J = ​3⁄2 configuration, but J = ​1⁄2 is forbidden by the Pauli exclusion principle.
  • Baryons composed of two types of quarks (uud, uus, ...) can exist in both J = ​1⁄2 and J = ​3⁄2 configurations
  • Baryons composed of three types of quarks (uds, udc, ...) can exist in both J = ​1⁄2 and J = ​3⁄2 configurations. Two J = ​1⁄2 configurations are possible for these baryons.

The symbols encountered in these lists are: I (isospin), J (total angular momentum), P (parity), u (up quark), d (down quark), s (strange quark), c (charm quark), b (bottom quark), Q (charge), B (baryon number), S (strangeness), C (charm), B′ (bottomness), as well as a wide array of subatomic particles (hover for name). (See the baryon article for a detailed explanation of these symbols.)

Antibaryons are not listed in the tables; however, they simply would have all quarks changed to antiquarks, and Q, B, S, C, B′, would be of opposite signs. Particles with † next to their names have been predicted by the Standard Model but not yet observed. Values in red have not been firmly established by experiments, but are predicted by the quark model and are consistent with the measurements.[5][6]

JP = ​1⁄2+ baryons

JP = ​1⁄2+ baryons 
Particle name Symbol Quark content Rest mass (MeV/c2) I J P Q (e) S C B' Mean lifetime (s) Commonly
decays to
nucleon/proton[7] p / p+ / N+ uud 938.272046(21)[a] ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ +1 0 0 0 Stable[b] Unobserved
nucleon/neutron[8] n / n0 / N0 udd 939.565379(21)[a] ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 0 0 0 (8.800±0.009)×10+2[c] p+ + e− + ν
e
Lambda[9] Λ0 uds 1115.683±0.006 0 ​1⁄2+ 0 −1 0 0 (2.632±0.020)×10−10 p+ + π− or
n0 + π0
charmed Lambda[10] Λ+
c		 udc 2286.46±0.14 0 ​1⁄2+ +1 0 +1 0 (2.00±0.06)×10−13 See Λ+
c decay modes
bottom Lambda[11] Λ0
b		 udb 5619.4±0.6 0 ​1⁄2+ 0 0 0 −1 (1.429±0.024)×10−12 See Λ0
b decay modes
Sigma[12] Σ+ uus 1189.37±0.07 1 ​1⁄2+ +1 −1 0 0 (8.018±0.026)×10−11 p+ + π0 or

n0 + π+
Sigma[13] Σ0 uds 1192.642±0.024 1 ​1⁄2+ 0 −1 0 0 (7.4±0.7)×10−20 Λ0 + γ
Sigma[14] Σ− dds 1197.449±0.030 1 ​1⁄2+ −1 −1 0 0 (1.479±0.011)×10−10 n0 + π−
charmed Sigma[15] Σ++
c		 uuc 2453.98±0.16 1 ​1⁄2+ +2 0 +1 0 (2.91±0.32)×10−22[d] Λ+
c + π+
charmed Sigma[15] Σ+
c		 udc 2452.9±0.4 1 ​1⁄2+ +1 0 +1 0 >1.43×10−22[d] Λ+
c + π0
charmed Sigma[15] Σ0
c		 ddc 2453.74±0.16 1 ​1⁄2+ 0 0 +1 0 (3.05±0.37)×10−22[d] Λ+
c + π−
bottom Sigma[16] Σ+
b		 uub 5811.3+0.9
−0.8 ± 1.7		 1 ​1⁄2+ +1 0 0 −1 6.8+2.7
−3.5×10−23[d]		 Λ0
b + π+
bottom Sigma† Σ0
b		 udb Unknown 1 ​1⁄2+ 0 0 0 −1 Unknown Unknown
bottom Sigma[16] Σ−
b		 ddb 5815.5+0.6
−0.5 ± 1.7		 1 ​1⁄2+ −1 0 0 −1 1.34+0.87
−1.15×10−22[d]		 Λ0
b + π−
Xi[17] Ξ0 uss 1314.86±0.20 ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 −2 0 0 (2.90±0.09)×10−10 Λ0 + π0
Xi[18] Ξ− dss 1321.71±0.07 ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ −1 −2 0 0 (1.639±0.015)×10−10 Λ0 + π−
charmed Xi[19] Ξ+
c		 usc 2467.8+0.4
−0.6		 ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ +1 −1 +1 0 (4.42±0.26)×10−13 See Ξ+
c decay modes
charmed Xi[20] Ξ0
c		 dsc 2470.88+0.34
−0.80		 ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 −1 +1 0 1.12+0.13
−0.10×10−13		 See Ξ0
c decay modes
charmed Xi prime[21] Ξ′+
c		 usc 2575.6±3.1 ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ +1 −1 +1 0 Unknown Ξ+
c + γ (seen)
charmed Xi prime[22] Ξ′0
c		 dsc 2577.9±2.9 ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 −1 +1 0 Unknown Ξ0
c + γ (seen)
double charmed Xi[e]† Ξ++
cc		 ucc Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ +2 0 +2 0 Unknown Unknown
double charmed Xi[e][23] Ξ+
cc		 dcc 3518.9±0.9[e] ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ +1 0 +2 0 <3.3×10−14[e] Λ+
c + K− + π+[e] or
p+ + D+ + K−[e]
bottom Xi[24]
(or Cascade B)		 Ξ0
b		 usb 5787.8±5.0 ± 1.3 ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 −1 0 −1 Unknown See Ξ
b decay modes
bottom Xi[24]
(or Cascade B)		 Ξ−
b		 dsb 5791.1±2.2 ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ −1 −1 0 −1 (1.56+0.27
−0.25 ± 0.02)×10−12		 See Ξ
b decay modes
bottom Xi prime† Ξ′0
b		 usb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 −1 0 −1 Unknown Unknown
bottom Xi prime† Ξ′−
b		 dsb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ −1 −1 0 −1 Unknown Unknown
double bottom Xi† Ξ0
bb		 ubb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 0 0 −2 Unknown Unknown
double bottom Xi† Ξ−
bb		 dbb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ −1 0 0 −2 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Xi† Ξ+
cb		 ucb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ +1 0 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Xi† Ξ0
cb		 dcb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 0 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Xi prime† Ξ′+
cb		 ucb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ +1 0 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Xi prime† Ξ′0
cb		 dcb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​1⁄2+ 0 0 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
charmed Omega[25] Ω0
c		 ssc 2695.2±1.7 0 ​1⁄2+ 0 −2 +1 0 (6.9±1.2)×10−14 See Ω0
c decay modes
bottom Omega[26] Ω−
b		 ssb 6071±40 0 ​1⁄2+ −1 −2 0 −1 (1.13+0.55
−0.42 ± 0.02)×10−12		 (Ω− + J/ψ seen)
double charmed Omega† Ω+
cc		 scc Unknown 0 ​1⁄2+ +1 −1 +2 0 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Omega† Ω0
cb		 scb Unknown 0 ​1⁄2+ 0 −1 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Omega prime† Ω′0
cb		 scb Unknown 0 ​1⁄2+ 0 −1 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
double bottom Omega† Ω−
bb		 sbb Unknown 0 ​1⁄2+ −1 −1 0 −2 Unknown Unknown
double charmed bottom Omega† Ω+
ccb		 ccb Unknown 0 ​1⁄2+ +1 0 +2 −1 Unknown Unknown
charmed double bottom Omega† Ω0
cbb		 cbb Unknown 0 ​1⁄2+ 0 0 +1 −2 Unknown Unknown

†^ Particle has not yet been observed.
[a] ^ The masses of the proton and neutron are known with much better precision in atomic mass units (u) than in MeV/c2, due to the relatively poorly known value of the elementary charge. In atomic mass unit, the mass of the proton is 1.007276466812(90) u whereas that of the neutron is 1.00866491600(43) u.
[b] ^ At least 1035 years. See proton decay.
[c] ^ For free neutrons; in most common nuclei, neutrons are stable.
[d] ^ PDG reports the resonance width (Γ). Here the conversion τ = ​ħ⁄Γ is given instead.
[e] ^ Some controversy exists about this data.[23]

JP = ​3⁄2+ baryons

JP = ​3⁄2+ baryons 
Particle name Symbol Quark
content		 Rest mass (MeV/c2) I J P Q (e) S C B' Mean lifetime (s) Commonly
decays to
Delta[27] Δ++(1232) uuu 1232±2 ​3⁄2 ​3⁄2+ +2 0 0 0 (5.63±0.14)×10−24[h] p+ + π+
Delta[27] Δ+(1232) uud 1232±2 ​3⁄2 ​3⁄2+ +1 0 0 0 (5.63±0.14)×10−24[h] π+ + n0 or

π0 + p+
Delta[27] Δ0(1232) udd 1232±2 ​3⁄2 ​3⁄2+ 0 0 0 0 (5.63±0.14)×10−24[h] π0 + n0 or

π− + p+
Delta[27] Δ−(1232) ddd 1232±2 ​3⁄2 ​3⁄2+ −1 0 0 0 (5.63±0.14)×10−24[h] π− + n0
Sigma[28] Σ∗+(1385) uus 1382.8±0.4 1 ​3⁄2+ +1 −1 0 0 (1.839±0.0041)×10−23[h] Λ0 + π+ or

Σ+ + π0 or
Σ0 + π+
Sigma[28] Σ∗0(1385) uds 1383.7±1.0 1 ​3⁄2+ 0 −1 0 0 (1.83±0.25)×10−23[h] Λ0 + π0 or

Σ+ + π− or
Σ0 + π0
Sigma[28] Σ∗−(1385) dds 1387.2±0.5 1 ​3⁄2+ −1 −1 0 0 (1.671±0.089)×10−23[h] Λ0 + π− or

Σ0 + π− or
Σ− + π0 or
charmed Sigma[29] Σ∗++
c(2520)		 uuc 2517.9±0.6 1 ​3⁄2 + +2 0 +1 0 (4.42±0.44)×10−23[h] Λ+
c + π+
charmed Sigma[29] Σ∗+
c(2520)		 udc 2517.5±2.3 1 ​3⁄2 + +1 0 +1 0 >3.87×10−23[h] Λ+
c + π0
charmed Sigma[29] Σ∗0
c(2520)		 ddc 2518.8±0.6 1 ​3⁄2 + 0 0 +1 0 (4.54±0.47)×10−23[h] Λ+
c + π−
bottom Sigma[30] Σ∗+
b		 uub 5832.1±0.7 +1.7
−1.8		 1 ​3⁄2 + +1 0 0 −1 (5.7±1.8)×10−23[h] Λ0
b + π+
bottom Sigma[e] Σ∗0
b		 udb Unknown 1 ​3⁄2 + 0 0 0 −1 Unknown Unknown
bottom Sigma[30] Σ∗−
b		 ddb 5835.1±0.6 +1.7
−1.8		 1 ​3⁄2 + −1 0 0 −1 8.8+3.7
−3.6×10−23[h]		 Λ0
b + π−
Xi[31] Ξ∗0(1530) uss 1531.80±0.32 ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2+ 0 −2 0 0 (7.23±0.40)×10−23[h] Ξ0 + π0 or

Ξ− + π+
Xi[31] Ξ∗−(1530) dss 1535.0±0.6 ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2+ −1 −2 0 0 6.6+1.3
−1.1×10−23[h]		 Ξ0 + π− or

Ξ− + π0
charmed Xi[32] Ξ∗+
c(2645)		 usc 2645.9+0.5
−0.6		 ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + +1 −1 +1 0 >2.1×10−22[h] Ξ+
c + π0 (seen)
charmed Xi[32] Ξ∗0
c(2645)		 dsc 2645.9±0.5 ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + 0 −1 +1 0 >1.2×10−22[h] Ξ+
c + π− (seen)
double charmed Xi† Ξ∗++
cc		 ucc Unknown ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + +2 0 +2 0 Unknown Unknown
double charmed Xi† Ξ∗+
cc		 dcc Unknown ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + +1 0 +2 0 Unknown Unknown
bottom Xi[33] Ξ∗0
b		 usb 5945.5±0.8±2.2 ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + 0 −1 0 −1 (3.1±2.5)×10−22[h] Ξ−
b + π+ (seen)
bottom Xi† Ξ∗−
b		 dsb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + −1 −1 0 −1 Unknown Unknown
double bottom Xi† Ξ∗0
bb		 ubb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + 0 0 0 −2 Unknown Unknown
double bottom Xi† Ξ∗−
bb		 dbb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + −1 0 0 −2 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Xi† Ξ∗+
cb		 ucb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + +1 0 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Xi† Ξ∗0
cb		 dcb Unknown ​1⁄2 ​3⁄2 + 0 0 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
Omega[34] Ω− sss 1672.45±0.29 0 ​3⁄2+ −1 −3 0 0 (8.21±0.11)×10−11[h] Λ0 + K− or
Ξ0 + π− or

Ξ− + π0
charmed Omega[35] Ω∗0
c(2770)		 ssc 2765.9±2.0 0 ​3⁄2 + 0 −2 +1 0 Unknown Ω0
c + γ
bottom Omega† Ω∗−
b		 ssb Unknown 0 ​3⁄2 + −1> −2 0 −1 Unknown Unknown
double charmed Omega† Ω∗+
cc		 scc Unknown 0 ​3⁄2 + +1 −1 +2 0 Unknown Unknown
charmed bottom Omega† Ω∗0
cb		 scb Unknown 0 ​3⁄2 + 0 −1 +1 −1 Unknown Unknown
double bottom Omega† Ω∗−
bb		 sbb Unknown 0 ​3⁄2 + −1 −1 0 −2 Unknown Unknown
triple charmed Omega† Ω++
ccc		 ccc Unknown 0 ​3⁄2 + +2 0 +3 0 Unknown Unknown
double charmed bottom Omega† Ω∗+
ccb		 ccb Unknown 0 ​3⁄2 + +1 0 +2 −1 Unknown Unknown
charmed double bottom Omega† Ω∗0
cbb		 cbb Unknown 0 ​3⁄2 + 0 0 +1 −2 Unknown Unknown
triple bottom Omega† Ω−
bbb		 bbb Unknown 0 ​3⁄2 + −1 0 0 −3 Unknown Unknown

†^ Particle has not yet been observed.
[h] ^ PDG reports the resonance width (Γ). Here the conversion τ = ​ħ⁄Γ is given instead.

Baryon resonance particles

This table gives the name, quantum numbers (where known), and experimental status of baryons resonances confirmed by the PDG.[36] Baryon resonance particles are excited baryon states with short half lives and higher masses. Despite significant research, the fundamental degrees of freedom behind baryon excitation spectra are still poorly understood.[37] The spin-parity JP (when known) is given with each particle. For the strongly decaying particles, the JP values are considered to be part of the names, as is the mass for all resonances.

Baryon resonance particles
Nucleons Δ particles Λ particles Σ particles Ξ and Ω particles Charmed particles Bottomed particles
p 1/2+ **** Δ(1232) 3/2+ **** Λ 1/2+ **** Σ+ 1/2+ **** Ξ0 1/2+ **** Λ+
c		 1/2+ **** Λ0
b		 1/2+ ***
n 1/2+ **** Δ(1600) 3/2+ *** Λ(1405) 1/2− **** Σ0 1/2+ **** Ξ− 1/2+ **** Λc(2595)+ 1/2− *** Λb(5912)0 1/2− ***
N(1440) 1/2+ **** Δ(1620) 1/2− **** Λ(1520) 3/2− **** Σ− 1/2+ **** Ξ(1530) 3/2+ **** Λc(2625)+ 3/2− *** Λb(5920)0 3/2− ***
N(1520) 3/2− **** Δ(1700) 3/2− **** Λ(1600) 1/2+ *** Σ(1385) 3/2+ **** Ξ(1620) * Λc(2765)+ * Σb 1/2+ ***
N(1535) 1/2− **** Δ(1750) 1/2+ * Λ(1670) 1/2− **** Σ(1480) * Ξ(1690) *** Λc(2880)+ 5/2+ *** Σ*
b		 3/2+ ***
N(1650) 1/2− **** Δ(1900) 1/2− ** Λ(1690) 3/2− **** Σ(1560) ** Ξ(1820) 3/2− *** Λc(2940)+ *** Ξ0
b, Ξ-
b		 1/2+ ***
N(1675) 5/2− **** Δ(1905) 5/2+ **** Λ(1710) 1/2+ * Σ(1580) 3/2− * Ξ(1950) *** Ξb(5945)0 3/2+ ***
N(1680) 5/2+ **** Δ(1910) 1/2+ **** Λ(1800) 1/2− *** Σ(1620) 1/2− * Ξ(2030) ≥<templatestyles src="Sfrac/styles.css" />5/2? *** Σc(2455) 1/2+ **** Ω-
b		 1/2+ ***
N(1685) * Δ(1920) 3/2+ *** Λ(1810) 1/2+ *** Σ(1660) 1/2+ *** Ξ(2120) * Σc(2520) 3/2+ ***
N(1700) 3/2− *** Δ(1930) 5/2− *** Λ(1820) 5/2+ **** Σ(1670) 3/2− **** Ξ(2250) ** Σc(2800) ***
N(1710) 1/2+ *** Δ(1940) 3/2− ** Λ(1830) 5/2− **** Σ(1690) ** Ξ(2370) **
N(1720) 3/2+ **** Δ(1950) 7/2+ **** Λ(1890) 3/2+ **** Σ(1730) 3/2+ * Ξ(2500) * Ξ+
c		 1/2+ ***
N(1860) 5/2+ ** Δ(2000) 5/2+ ** Λ(2000) * Σ(1750) 1/2− *** Ξ0
c		 1/2+ ***
N(1875) 3/2− *** Δ(2150) 1/2− * Λ(2020) 7/2+ * Σ(1770) 1/2+ * Ω− 3/2+ **** Ξ′+
c		 1/2+ ***
N(1880) 1/2+ ** Δ(2200) 7/2− * Λ(2050) 3/2− * Σ(1775) 5/2− **** Ω(2250)− *** Ξ′0
c		 1/2+ ***
N(1895) 1/2− ** Δ(2300) 9/2+ ** Λ(2100) 7/2− **** Σ(1840) 3/2+ * Ω(2380)− ** Ξc(2645) 3/2+ ***
N(1900) 3/2+ *** Δ(2350) 5/2− * Λ(2110) 5/2+ *** Σ(1880) 1/2+ ** Ω(2470)− ** Ξc(2790) 1/2− ***
N(1990) 7/2+ ** Δ(2390) 7/2+ * Λ(2325) 3/2− * Σ(1900) 1/2− * Ξc(2815) 3/2− ***
N(2000) 5/2+ ** Δ(2400) 9/2− ** Λ(2350) 9/2+ *** Σ(1915) 5/2+ **** Ξc(2930) *
N(2040) 3/2+ * Δ(2420) 11/2+ **** Λ(2585) ** Σ(1940) 3/2+ * Ξc(2980) ***
N(2060) 5/2− ** Δ(2750) 13/2− ** Σ(1940) 3/2− *** Ξc(3055) **
N(2100) 1/2+ * Δ(2950) 15/2+ ** Σ(2000) 1/2− * Ξc(3080) ***
N(2120) 3/2− ** Σ(2030) 7/2+ **** Ξc(3123) *
N(2190) 7/2− **** Σ(2070) 5/2+ *
N(2220) 9/2+ **** Σ(2080) 3/2+ ** Ω0
c		 1/2+ ***
N(2250) 9/2− **** Σ(2100) 7/2− * Ωc(2770)0 3/2+ ***
N(2300) 1/2+ ** Σ(2250) ***
N(2570) 5/2− ** Σ(2455) ** Ξ+
cc		 *
N(2600) 11/2− *** Σ(2620) **
N(2700) 13/2+ ** Σ(3000) *
Σ(3170) *
**** Existence is certain, and properties are at least fairly well explored.
*** Existence ranges from fairly certain to certain, but further confirmation is desirable
and/or quantum numbers, branching fractions, etc. are not well determined.
** Evidence of existence is only fair.
* Evidence of existence is poor.

See also

References

  1. ↑ H. Muir (2003)
  2. ↑ K. Carter (2003)
  3. ↑ W.-M. Yao et al. (2006): Particle listings – Positive Theta
  4. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012) and 2013 partial update for the 2014 edition: Particle summary tables – Baryons
  6. ↑ J.G. Körner et al. (1994)
  7. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  8. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  9. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  10. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  11. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  12. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  13. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  14. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  17. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  18. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  19. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Ξ+
    c
  20. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Ξ0
    c
  21. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  22. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Ξ
    b
  25. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Ω0
    c
  26. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined(1232)
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined(1385)
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined(2520)
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined(1530)
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined(2645)
  33. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined(5945)
  34. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Error no symbol defined
  35. ↑ J. Beringer et al. (2012): Particle listings – Ω0
    c    (2770)
  36. ↑ http://pdg.lbl.gov/2014/tables/rpp2014-qtab-baryons.pdf
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

Bibliography

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Further reading

  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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  • Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.

External links

fr:Baryon#Liste it:Lista dei barioni

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