List of cities in the United Kingdom

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For a list of the largest urban areas in the UK, including conurbations, see List of urban areas in the United Kingdom.

This is a list of official cities in the United Kingdom as of 2015.[1] It lists those places that have been granted city status by letters patent or royal charter. There are currently a total of 69 such cities in the United Kingdom: 51 in England, seven in Scotland, six in Wales, and five in Northern Ireland.[1] Of these, 23 in England, two in Wales, and one in Northern Ireland possess Lord Mayors and four in Scotland have Lord Provosts. In some cases, the area holding city status does not coincide with the built up area or conurbation of which it forms part. In Greater London, for example, the City of London and that of Westminster each hold city status separately but no other neighbourhood has been granted city status, nor has Greater London as a whole. In other cases, such as the Cities of Canterbury and Lancaster, the status extends over a number of towns and rural areas outside the main settlement proper.[2]

History

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Main: City status in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

The initial cities (Latin: civitas) of Britain were the fortified settlements organized by the Romans as the capitals of the Celtic tribes under Roman rule. The British clerics of the early Middle Ages later preserved a traditional list of the "28 Cities" (Old Welsh: cair) which was mentioned by Gildas[4] and listed by "Nennius".[5]

The title of city was initially informal and, into the 20th century, royal charters were considered to recognize city status rather than to grant it.[7] The usual criterion in early modern Britain was the presence of a cathedral, particularly after King Henry VIII granted letters patent establishing six new cities when he established a series of new dioceses in the 1540s as part of the English Reformation.[8] No new cities were created between the 16th and 19th centuries but, following the Industrial Revolution and the accompanying population boom and growth in urbanisation, new sees were established at Ripon (1836) and Manchester (1847); their councils began to style them cities immediately. Inverness in Scotland was even refused a charter during the Jubilee honours of 1897 in part because it would draw more attention to the other traditional "cities" still not formally chartered as such.[2]

Beginning from the mid-19th century, however, the process began to become more formal. A visit by Queen Victoria in 1851 prompted Manchester to petition Parliament for recognition of its status. Ripon followed in the 1860s and a series of hitherto informal "cities" were formally recognized in the 1880s and 1890s. On the basis of its size, importance, and regular government, Belfast was elevated in spite of its lack of a cathedral in 1888; other large municipalities followed, while smaller applicants began to be rejected. King Edward VII and the Home Office established three criteria for future applicants in 1907—a minimum population of 300 000, a good record of local government, and a "local metropolitan character"[2]—but these criteria were not made public and following Leicester's successful elevation in 1919 began a series of exceptions. The 1972 Local Government Act effectively eliminated all authorities holding city status outside of London on 1 April 1974; most of their replacements were confirmed in their predecessor's status—even in cases such as the City of Carlisle's where much of the new area is undeveloped countryside—but the Borough of Medway was not permitted to continue Rochester's title. Elevations to city status are now won through competitions and pretenders to the status are rebuked by the Advertising Standards Authority.

The cities of Scotland and Ireland were treated separately. Scottish towns irregularly applied the description to themselves but were formally organized as royal burghs; the special rights of these were preserved by Article XXI of the Treaty of Union which established the single state of Great Britain in 1707.[9] Edinburgh and Glasgow were confirmed as cities "by ancient usage" in the 18th century,[10] as was Aberdeen, although this was later reconfirmed during the act enlarging the burgh in 1891. Dundee was granted a letter patent in 1889 and Elgin and Perth were recognized as cities by the Home Office in 1972, before the privilege was removed by the Scottish Local Government Act of 1973.[11]

In Ireland, only the seat of the primate at Armagh was accorded city status by ancient usage and this status was abolished by the Irish Municipal Corporations Act of 1840. All other cities have been those explicitly recognized as such.

List of cities

City[1] Year granted
or confirmed		 Cathedral
(pre-1888)		 City council Nation/Region Image Population
Aberdeen32
(Scots: Aiberdeen )
(Scottish Gaelic: Obar Dheathain)		 189131
(Burgh: 1179)		 Cathedral Church of St Machar Local government district Scotland Aberdeen from Torry - geograph.org.uk - 1454885.jpg 189,12038
Armagh11
(Irish: Ard Mhacha)
(Ulster-Scots: Airmagh)		 1994 not applicable Local government district Northern Ireland The Mall, Armagh.jpg 59,340 (2011)[12]
Bangor1 time immemorial Cathedral Church of St Deiniol Community Wales Bangor from Bangor-mountain.jpg 16,358 (2011)[13]
Bath1 time immemorial Abbey Church of
SS Peter & Paul4		 Charter trustees South West, England Bath, Somerset Panorama - April 2011.jpg 88,859 (2011)[14]
97,311 (urban area, 2010)[15]
Belfast
(Irish: Béal Feirste)
(Ulster-Scots: Bilfawst)		 1888 not applicable Local government district Northern Ireland Belfast City Hall 2.jpg 333,871 (2011)[16]
Birmingham2 188933 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 West Midlands, England Birmingham Skyline from Edgbaston Cricket Ground crop.jpg 1,092,330 (2013)[17]
Bradford1 1897 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 Yorkshire and the Humber, England Bradford City Hall from National Media Museum.jpg 522,452 (2011)[18]
Brighton & Hove15 2000 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 South East, England Brighton.UK.JPG 273,369 (2011)[18]
Bristol1 1542 Cathedral Church of
the Holy & Undivided Trinity		 Local government district
(Unitary and county)		 South West, England Bristol cityscape.jpg 428,234 (2011)[18]
Cambridge3 195125 not applicable Local government district East, England KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg 123,867 (2011)[18]
Canterbury3 time immemorial Cathedral & Metropolitical Church of
Christ		 Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough)		 South East, England View of the city from Augustine House - geograph.org.uk - 1713552.jpg 151,145 (2011)[18]
Cardiff9
(Welsh: Caerdydd)		 190529 not applicable Local government district Wales Cardiff City Hall cropped.jpg 346,090 (2011)[18]
Carlisle1 1133 Cathedral Church of
the Holy & Undivided Trinity		 Local government district North West, England Carlisle Cathedral from the Air.jpg 107,524 (2011)[18]
Chelmsford37 2012 not applicable Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough)		 East, England Chelmsfordcath.jpg 168,310 (2011)[18]
Chester3 1541 Cathedral Church of
Christ & the Blessed Virgin Mary		 Charter trustees‡ North West, England Bridge Street, Chester.jpg 91,733 (urban area, 2010)[15]
Chichester1 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
the Holy Trinity		 Civil parish South East, England Chichester Cathedral epodkopaev.jpg 26,795 (2011)[19]
Coventry1 time immemorial St Michael's Cathedral5 Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 West Midlands, England Skyline of Coventry as seen from Baginton 3g06.JPG 316,915 (2011)[18]
Derby13 1977 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 East Midlands, England Iron Gate, Derby - geograph.org.uk - 587015.jpg 248,752 (2011)[18]
Derry / Londonderry39
(Irish: Doire / Doire Cholmchille)
(Ulster-Scots: Derrie / Lunnonderrie)		 1604[20] not applicable Local government district Northern Ireland St Eugene's Cathedral, August 2009.JPG 107,877 (2011)[12]
Dundee32
(Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Dèagh)		 188930
(Burgh: 1191)		 not applicable Local government district Scotland Midsummer night^ - geograph.org.uk - 9752.jpg 153,99038
Durham1 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
Christ & St. Mary the Virgin		 Charter trustees‡ North East, England Durham Cathedral from the train viaduct.jpg 94,375 (2011)[21]
Edinburgh32
(Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann)		 18th century[10]
(Burgh: 1329)		 High Kirk of Edinburgh
(St Giles's)		 Local government district Scotland Edinburgh from Calton Hill with Dugald Stewart Monument 3.JPG 468,72038
Ely1 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
the Holy & Undivided Trinity		 Civil parish East, England Ely Cathedral From Air.jpg 20,256 (2011)[22]
Exeter1 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
St Peter		 Local government district South West, England Exeter from Haldon.jpg 117,773 (2011)[18]
Glasgow32
(Scots: Glesga )
(Scottish Gaelic: Glaschu)		 18th century[10]
(Burgh: 1492)		 High Kirk of Glasgow
(St Mungo's)		 Local government district Scotland (looking down) Buchannan Street, Glasgow.jpg 589,90038
Gloucester1 1541 Cathedral Church of
St Peter & the Holy and Indivisible Trinity		 Local government district South West, England Gloucester and its cathedral - geograph.org.uk - 1454853.jpg 121,688 (2011)[18]
Hereford119 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
SS Mary the Virgin & Ethelbert the King		 Civil parish West Midlands, England Hereford cathedral 002.JPG 58,896 (2011)[23]
Inverness
(Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Nis)		 2000 not applicable none Scotland Inverness view 3.jpg 57,960[24]
Kingston upon Hull12 1897 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 Yorkshire and the Humber, England Hull from Paull.jpg 256,406 (2011)[18]
Lancaster1 193726 not applicable Local government district North West, England City of Lancaster (2).jpg 138,375 (2011)[18]
Leeds1 1893 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 Yorkshire and the Humber, England LeedsSkyline2013.jpg 751,485 (2011)[18]
Leicester1 191922 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 East Midlands, England Leicester City Skyline - geograph.org.uk - 514032.jpg 329,839 (2011)[18]
Lichfield17 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
SS Mary & Chad		 Civil parish West Midlands, England Lichfield Cityscape.jpg 32,219 (2011)[25]
Lincoln3 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
St Mary		 Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough)		 East Midlands, England Cathedral and Castle Square - geograph.org.uk - 134108.jpg 93,541 (2011)[18]
Lisburn
(Irish: Lios na gCearrbhach)		 2002 not applicable Local government district Northern Ireland Irish Linen Centre Lisburn Museum.jpg 120,165 (2011)[12]
Liverpool2 1880 Cathedral Church of
Christ		 Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 North West, England Pier Head and Mersey Ferry Liverpool.jpg 466,415 (2011)[18]
City of London6 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
St Paul		 Local government district London London November 2013-26.jpg 7,375 (2011)[18]
Manchester1 185334 Cathedral & Collegiate Church of
St Mary, St Denys, & St George		 Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 North West, England Manchester Skyline.jpg 503,127 (2011)[18]
Newcastle upon Tyne1 1882 Cathedral Church of
St Nicholas		 Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 North East, England Bridges opening up - geograph.org.uk - 178375.jpg 280,177 (2011)[18]
Newport14
(Casnewydd)		 2002 not applicable Local government district Wales Newportciviccentre.jpg 145,736 (2011)[18]
Newry
(Irish: Iúr Cinn Trá)
(Ulster-Scots: Newrie)		 2002 not applicable none Northern Ireland NewrySkyline.jpg 29,946 (2008, settlement population)[26]
Norwich1 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
the Holy & Undivided Trinity		 Local government district East, England Norwich Skyline.jpg 132,512 (2011)[18]
Nottingham1 1897 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 East Midlands, England Council-House-Nottingham 305,680 (2011)[18]
Oxford1 1542 Cathedral Church of
Christ		 Local government district South East, England Oxford from Boars Hill.jpg 151,906 (2011)[18]
Perth
(Scots: Pairth )
(Scottish Gaelic: Peairt)		 2012[27]
(Burgh: 12th century)[29]		 not applicable none Scotland 220px 45,77038
Peterborough2 1541 Cathedral Church of
St Peter, St Paul, & St Andrew		 Local government district
(Unitary)		 East, England Peterborough Cathedral oblique view.jpg 183,631 (2011)[18]
Plymouth1 192827 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 South West, England Plymouth from Mount Batten - geograph.org.uk - 1580485.jpg 256,384 (2011)[18]
Portsmouth1 192624 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 South East, England Portsmouthskyline.jpg 205,056 (2011)[18]
Preston14 2002 not applicable Local government district North West, England 220px 140,202 (2011)[18]
Ripon1 1836 Cathedral Church of
SS Peter & Wilfred		 Civil parish Yorkshire and the Humber, England RiponMarket.jpg 16,702 (2011)[30]
St Albans7 187736 Cathedral & Abbey Church of
St Alban		 Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough)		 East, England Cathedral.png 140,644 (2011)[18]
St Asaph37
(Llanelwy)		 2012 not applicable Community Wales St Asaph, Cathedral.jpg 3,355 (2011)[31]
St David's20
(Tyddewi)		 1994 not applicable Community Wales St.Davids, Wales, UK.jpg 1,841 (2011)[32]
Salford1 192624 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 North West, England Mariners Canal from Waterfront Quay, Salford Quays.jpg 233,933 (2011)[18]
Salisbury35 1227 Cathedral Church of
St Mary		 Civil parish‡ South West, England Salisbury Cathedral.jpg 40,302 (2011)[33]
Sheffield3 1893 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 Yorkshire and the Humber, England PeaceGdnsSheffd.jpg 552,698 (2011)[18]
Southampton1 1964 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 South East, England Southampton from Aurora 01.JPG 236,882 (2011)[18]
Stirling
(Scots: Stirlin )
(Scottish Gaelic: Sruighlea)		 2002 not applicable none Scotland Stirling(DonaldMacDonald)Dec2005.jpg 34,79038
Stoke-on-Trent3 192528 not applicable Local government district
(Unitary)		 West Midlands, England Hanley City - geograph.org.uk - 155173.jpg 249,008 (2011)[18]
Sunderland18 1992 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 North East, England SunderlandBridges.jpg 275,506 (2011)[18]
Swansea9
(Abertawe)		 196923 not applicable Local government district Wales Swansea Railway Station - geograph.org.uk - 1484946.jpg 239,023 (2011)[18]
Truro1
(Truru)		 1877 Cathedral Church of
St Mary		 Civil parish South West, England Truro stmarysst.jpg 18,766 (2011)[34]
Wakefield3 1888 Cathedral Church of
All Saints		 Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 Yorkshire and the Humber, England Wakefield County Hall.jpg 325,837 (2011)[18]
Wells1 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
St Andrew		 Civil parish South West, England Aerial view of Wells-crop.jpg 10,536 (2011)[35]
City of Westminster21 1540 Collegiate Church of
St Peter
(Westminster Abbey4)		 Local government district
(London borough)		 London Hdr parliament.jpg 219,396 (2011)[18]
Winchester1 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
the Holy Trinity		 Local government district
(Non-metropolitan borough)		 South East, England Winchester 13.JPG 116,595 (2011)[18]
Wolverhampton16 2000 not applicable Local government district
(Metropolitan borough)		 West Midlands, England St Peter's Church, Wolverhampton.jpg 249,470 (2011)[18]
Worcester3 time immemorial Cathedral Church of
Christ & St Mary		 Local government district West Midlands, England River Severn, Worcester - geograph.org.uk - 894221.jpg 98,768 (2011)[18]
York18 time immemorial Cathedral & Metropolitical Church of
St Peter		 Local government district
(Unitary)		 Yorkshire and the Humber, England York Bird's Eye View.jpg 198,051 (2011)[18]

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See also: list of royal burghs of Scotland

Map of the cities

Location of cities in the United Kingdom

British Overseas Territories

There are a number of cities in the British Overseas Territories, such as the City of James Town on Saint Helena.[36] These are however not part of the United Kingdom.

See also

Notes

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Department for Media, Culture, & Sport. "Civic Honours Competition: UK Cities". The National Archives of the United Kingdom (London), 18 January 2011. Accessed 21 December 2014.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Beckett (2005).
  3. ↑ "JTK". "Civitas" in Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia, Vol. I, p. 451. ABC-CLIO (Sta. Barbara), 2006.
  4. ↑ De Excidio Britanniae, §3. (Latin) Cited in the "Civitas" entry of Celtic Culture.[3]
  5. ↑ Nennius (attrib.). Theodor Mommsen (ed.). Historia Brittonum, VI. Composed after AD 830. (Latin) Hosted at Latin Wikisource.
  6. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica, 11th ed. 1911.
  7. ↑ The 11th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, for instance, listed St Asaph and Southwell as cities on the basis of their cathedrals despite their lack of charters or, in Southwell's case, local government.[6]
  8. ↑ Beckett (2005), p. 22.
  9. ↑ Kingdoms of England and Scotland. "Act of Union", §XXI. 16 January 1707.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Beckett, J.V. City Status in the British Isles, 1830-2002, pp. 16 ff. Ashgate Publishing, 2005.
  11. ↑ Clark, M. Lynda & al. "Committee on Privileges Second Report", Appendix 3, ss58. Parliament of the United Kingdom (London), 1999.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  13. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Bangor C
  14. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. (Combined populations of the 16 wards that make-up the city.)
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  16. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  17. ↑ "UK Population Estimates". (ONS). Retrieved 28 June 2014
  18. ↑ 18.00 18.01 18.02 18.03 18.04 18.05 18.06 18.07 18.08 18.09 18.10 18.11 18.12 18.13 18.14 18.15 18.16 18.17 18.18 18.19 18.20 18.21 18.22 18.23 18.24 18.25 18.26 18.27 18.28 18.29 18.30 18.31 18.32 18.33 18.34 18.35 18.36 18.37 18.38 18.39 18.40 18.41 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  19. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Chichester CP
  20. ↑ City commemorates the 400th Anniversary of the City’s first charter, Derry City Council press release dated 7 July 2004, (accessed 15 December 2007)
  21. ↑ City status extends to the area of the former District of Durham Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  22. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Ely (Cambs) CP
  23. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  24. ↑ From NRS 2010 mid-year estimates, population of Inverness including Culloden - Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  25. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Lichfield CP
  26. ↑ NISRA
  27. ↑ Letters Patent dated 21 May 2012 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  28. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  29. ↑ Created a royal burgh at some point under King David I (1124–53) although the earliest surviving charters date to 1209 or 1210; the status was abolished in 1975.[10][28]
  30. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Ripon CP
  31. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - St. Asaph C
  32. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - St. David's and the Cathedral Close C
  33. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Salisbury CP
  34. ↑ Office for National Statistics 2011 census - Truro CP
  35. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  36. ↑ The Government of the United Kingdom. "The St Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha Constitution Order 2009". The National Archives of the United Kingdom (London), 2009.
  37. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  38. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  39. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 46255. p. 4400. 4 April 1974. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  40. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 46303. pp. 6485–6486. 28 June 1974. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  41. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 46334. p. 7419. 31 May 1974. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  42. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 46352. p. 7920. 24 September 1974. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 The London Gazette: no. 54363. p. 4925. 4 April 1996. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  44. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 46522. p. 3729. 20 March 1975. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  45. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 47246. p. 7656. 14 June 1977. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  46. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 56573. p. 6160. 21 May 2002. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  47. ↑ 47.0 47.1 The London Gazette: no. 56109. p. 1431. 2 May 2001. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  48. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 48364. p. 15451. 7 November 1980. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  49. ↑ Lichfield City Council website
  50. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 52874. p. 5413. 26 March 1992. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  51. ↑ Charters of Hereford City Council
  52. ↑ Samuel Lewis (ed.), Dale - St. David's, from A Topographical Dictionary of Wales (1849), accessdate=2008-05-15
  53. ↑ Municipal Corporations Act 1883 (c.19), S.3 and Sch II, part I
  54. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 53798. p. 13403. 23 September 1994. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  55. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27242. p. 6613. 30 October 1900. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  56. ↑ The Times: Leicester, a City: Sequel to the Recent Royal Visit, 17 June 1919
  57. ↑ Civic history: The making of a City, (Leicester City Council), accessed 14 February 2008
  58. ↑ Leicester: The Dignity of a City 655–1926, Leicester's city status, its loss and its regaining over thirteen centuries by Daniel Williams
  59. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 44986. p. 12450. 12 December 1969. Retrieved 21 April 2008.
  60. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 33154. pp. 2776–2777. 23 April 1926. Retrieved 18 April 2008.
  61. ↑ London Gazette, issue no.39201, 13 April 1951
  62. ↑ London Gazette, issue no.34400, 21 May 1937
  63. ↑ London Gazette, issue no.33433, 26 October 1928
  64. ↑ London Gazette, issue no.33063, 3 July 1925
  65. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27849. p. 7249. 31 October 1905. Retrieved 22 April 2008.
  66. ↑ London Gazette, 29 January 1889
  67. ↑ From the London Gazette, 18 January 1889, The Times, 19 January 1889
  68. ↑ London Gazette Issue 21426, p.950, 1 April 1853
  69. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 59250. p. 20329. 24 November 2009.
  70. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 24502. p. 5185. 11 September 1877. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
  71. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 60167. p. 11125. 11 June 2012.
  72. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  73. ↑ Application by Derry City Council for judicial review [2007] NIQB 5 Ref WEAF5707

pl:Miasta ze statusem City w Wielkiej Brytanii

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