List of ethnic groups in Vietnam
Vietnam is a multiethnic country with over fifty distinct groups (54 are recognized by the Vietnamese government), each with its own language, lifestyle, and cultural heritage. Many of the local ethnic groups are known collectively in the West as Montagnard or Degar. The largest ethnic groups are: Kinh (Viet) 86.2%, Tay 1.9%, Tai Ethnic 1.7%, Mường 1.5%, Khmer Krom (Khơ Me Crộm) 1.4%, Hoa 1.1%, Nùng 1.1%, Hmong 1%, others 4.1% (1999 census). The Vietnamese term for ethnic group is người thiểu số or dân tộc thiểu số (literally "minority people").
Contents
List of ethnic groups
The population data taken from 2009 Census[1]
The total population number of Apr 2014 was 90.493.352,published in the Premier Minister Website.[2]
| Group | People | Population (2009 Census) |
Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 85,846,997 | ||
| 1. Vietic | Kinh | 73,594,427 | also called Viet, the largest ethnic group in Vietnam |
| Chứt | 6,022 | Cheut - related to the Kinh | |
| Mường | 1,268,963 | - Closest to the Kinh, the other main part of the Viet–Mường branch of the Vietic subfamily | |
| Thổ | 74,458 | Tho - Related to Kinh Vietnamese | |
| 2. Tai–Kadai | Bố Y | 2,273 | Bouyei |
| Giáy | 58,617 | ||
| Lao | 14,928 | ||
| Lự | 5,601 | Lu | |
| Nùng | 968,800 | ||
| Sán Chay | 169,410 | San Chay, Cao Lan | |
| Tày | 1,626,392 | Tay - The largest minority in Vietnam | |
| Thái | 1,550,423 | Thai | |
| 3. Kadai (Kra) |
Cờ Lao | 2,636 | Gelao |
| La Chí | 13,158 | Lachi | |
| La Ha | 8,177 | Laha | |
| Pu Péo | 687 | Qabiao, Pubiao | |
| 3. Austroasiatic | Ba Na | 227,716 | Bahnar |
| Brâu | 397 | Brau | |
| Bru | 74,506 | Bru | |
| Chơ Ro | 26,855 | ||
| Co | 33,817 | ||
| Cờ Ho | 166,112 | Koho | |
| Cơ Tu | 61,588 | ||
| Giẻ Triêng | 50,962 | ||
| Hrê | 127,420 | H're | |
| Kháng | 13,840 | ||
| Khmer Krom | 1,260,640 | ||
| Khơ Mú | 72,929 | Khmu | |
| Mạ | 41,405 | ||
| Mảng | 3,700 | ||
| Mnông | 102,741 | Mnong | |
| Ơ Đu | 376 | ||
| Rơ Măm | 436 | ||
| Tà Ôi | 43,886 | Ta Oi | |
| Xinh Mun | 23,278 | Xinh-mun | |
| Xơ Đăng | 169,501 | Sedang, Xo Dang | |
| X’Tiêng | 85,436 | Stieng | |
| 5. Hmong–Mien | Dao | 751,067 | Yao people, also known as Mien, many speak Iu Mien language |
| Hmong | 1,068,189 | formerly known as Mèo, classified as Miao in China | |
| Pà Thẻn | 6,811 | Pa-Hng | |
| 6. Malayo-Polynesian | Chăm | 161,729 | Cham - Descendants of the Champa polities of Southern Vietnam |
| Chu Ru | 19,314 | Chru | |
| Ê Đê | 331,194 | Rade | |
| Gia Rai | 411,275 | Jarai | |
| Ra Glai | 122,245 | Roglai | |
| 7. Chinese | Hoa people | 823,071 | Overseas Chinese, not to be confused with the Ngái Hokkien, who are classified separately |
| Ngái | 1,035 | Hakka Chinese, classified separately from the Hoa | |
| Sán Dìu | 146,821 | San Diu, Yao that speak Cantonese, though some know Iu Mien | |
| 8. Tibeto-Burman | Phunoi | 2,029 | Cống |
| Hà Nhì | 21,725 | Hani | |
| La Hủ | 9,651 | Lahu | |
| Lô Lô | 4,541 | Yi | |
| Phù Lá | 10,944 | ||
| Si La | 709 |
Ethnic groups not included in official list
Natives
- Nguồn - possibly Mường group, officially classified as a Việt (Kinh) group by the government, Nguồn themselves identify with Việt ethnicity; their language is a member of the Viet–Muong branch of the Vietic sub-family
- Sui people (Người Thủy) - officially classified as Pa Then people.
- According to news from Dantri, an online newspaper in Vietnam, the Thừa Thiên-Huế People's Committee in September 2008 announced a plan to do more research in a new ethnic group in Vietnam. It is Pa Kô, also called Pa Cô, Pa Kô, Pa-Kô or Pa Kôh. This ethnic group settles mainly in A Lưới suburban district (Thừa Thiên-Huế) and mountainous area of Hướng Hóa (Quảng Trị).[3][4] At the present, however, they have been being classified in Tà Ôi ethnic group.
Europeans
People of European, North American, Australian, and Asian (non-Vietnamese) origin. Many people of these origins are temporary residents in Vietnam as expatriate workers and some are permanently settled there, some through marriage. Included in permanent settlers are Europeans of French descent, who are descendants of the colonial settlers. Most of them left after its independence.
See also
Sources
- ↑ 2009 Census: Kết quả toàn bộ Tổng điều tra Dân số và Nhà ở Việt Nam năm 2009, Tổng Cục Thống kê Việt Nam. Retrieved 18/08/2015.
- ↑ Trang Web Thủ tướng. Dân số Việt Nam. Retrieved 22/08/2015.
- ↑ Việt Nam sẽ có dân tộc thứ 55?
- ↑ Pa Kô được bổ sung vào danh mục các dân tộc Việt Nam
External links
- Ethnic groups of Vietnam (State Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs)
- Vietnamese Ethnic Groups
- vietnam tours
- Ethnic - Linguistic Map of Vietnam
- Vietnamese ethnic groups by population
- Ethnologue report for Vietnam
- Story and Images of Missionaries interacting with Mountain Tribe groups in Vietnam from 1929-1975
- Authentic Old photographs of all Ethnic groups in Vietnam
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