Meandrusa payeni

Yellow Gorgon
File:Meandrusa payeni ulster.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Genus:	Meandrusa
Species:	M. payeni
Binomial name
Meandrusa payeni (Boisduval, 1836)
Synonyms
Papilio payeni Boisduval, 1836 Papilio evan Doubleday, 1845 Papilio evan evanides Fruhstorfer, 1902 Papilio evan evanides Fruhstorfer, 1903 Papilio brunei Fruhstorfer, 1894 Papilio payeni langsonensis Fruhstorfer, 1901 Papilio payeni ciminius Fruhstorfer, 1909 Papilio amphis Jordan, 1909 Papilio payeni hegylus Jordan, 1909

The Yellow Gorgon (Meandrusa payeni) is a species of swallowtail found in parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia. It belongs to the Hooked Swallowtails genus, Meandrusa, of the family Papilionidae. They are also called Outlet Sword or The Sickle.

Description

For terms used in the description see Lepidopteran terminology

Male

File:MeandrusaPayeniBingham.jpg

Upperside bright ochraceous, with a darker shade towards the base of the wings. Fore wing: two or three spots obliquely across the cell, a larger spot at its upper apex, the costal margin from base (the collar broadened towards the apex), and the terminal margin very broadly, dark brown; on the inner side of this broad brown terminal edging there is a transverse incomplete discal series of dark brown spots, followed by an irregular transverse series of brown lunules, both these merge anteriorly and posteriorly into the brown on the termen; lastly superposed on the brown terminal edging is a more or less complete, transverse, subterminal series of lunules of the ochraceous ground-colour, reduced in some specimens to only two or three lunules above the tornus. Hind wing: terminal half or more dark brown, with an inner postdiscal and an outer subterminal series of more or less lunular spots of the ochraceous ground-colour; the postdiscal series consists of only four spots in interspaces 1 to 4, the subterminal series is complete to interspace 7, the spots larger, that in inter-apace 3 elongate, outwardly conical; tail tipped with ochraceous. underside: ground-colour a deeper richer ochraceous. Fore wing:cell and basal area with a number of irregular cinnamon-brown spots, followed on the terminal half by three transverse series of more or less irregular and incomplete lunular cinnamon-brown markings and a narrow brown terminal edging. Hind wing: basal area with a transverse series of three spots, a large spot at apex of cell, the bases of interspaces 1, 2 and 3, followed by three more or less complete but irregular series of lunular markings, cinnamon-brown; superposed on the inner discal row of brown lunules is a transverse series of snow-white crescents, conspicuous only in interspaces 1 and 2, but barely indicated anteriorly. Antenna dark ochraceous brown; head, thorax and abdomen ochraceous, the thorax posteriorly and basal half of the abdomen olivaceous; beneath: head, thorax and abdomen brighter ochraceous.

Female

Ground-colour paler, base and cell of fore wing on upperside shaded with bright very pale cinnamon; markings similar both on the upper and under sides, but less clearly defined; the costal margin of fore wing on the upperside ochraceous almost to apex, not brown; the subterminal series of ochraceous lunules on the upperside of the hind wing very large, separated from one another only by the brown along the veins. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen similar, but paler.

Subspecies

• Meandrusa payeni payeni (Java)
• Meandrusa payeni brunei (Fruhstorfer, 1894) (northern Borneo)
• Meandrusa payeni ciminius (Fruhstorfer, 1909) (Burma to Peninsular Malaya, Sumatra)
• Meandrusa payeni evan (Doubleday, 1845) (Bhutan, India: Sikkim, Assam)
• Meandrusa payeni hegylus (Jordan, 1909) (China: Hainan)
• Meandrusa payeni langsonensis (Fruhstorfer, 1901) (northern Vietmam)

Distribution

The butterfly is found in India from Sikkim to Assam, North Burma and Peninsular Malaysia.

Status

The Yellow Gorgon is not threatened, but, not common across most of its range. However it is considered to be Vulnerable and in need of protection in Peninsular Malaysia.