Porto Metro

Porto Metro

Flexity Outlook Eurotram train of the Porto Metro at Trindade station
Overview
Native name	Metro do Porto
Owner	Government-owned corporation
Locale	Porto Gondomar Maia Matosinhos Póvoa de Varzim Vila do Conde Vila Nova de Gaia
Transit type	Light rail
Number of lines	6
Number of stations	81
Daily ridership	152,600 passengers (on average) (2011)
Website	Metro do Porto
Operation
Began operation	7 December 2002 (2002-12-07)
Operator(s)	ViaPORTO
Number of vehicles	102
Technical
System length	67 km (42 mi)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	750 V DC OHLE

The Porto Metro (Portuguese: Metro do Porto), part of the public transport (mass transit) system of Porto, Portugal, is a light rail network that runs underground in central Porto and above ground into the city's suburbs. Metro do Porto S.A. was founded in 1993, and the first line of the system opened in 2002.

The network has 6 lines and reaches seven municipalities within the metropolitan Porto area: Porto, Gondomar, Maia, Matosinhos, Póvoa de Varzim, Vila do Conde and Vila Nova de Gaia. It currently has a total of 81 operational stations across 67 kilometres (42 mi) of double track commercial line. Most of the system is at ground level or elevated, but 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) of the network is underground. The system is run by ViaPORTO.

History

Porto Metro train.

Line A (blue line) between Senhor de Matosinhos and Trindade in central Porto was the first Porto Metro line to open, in 2002. The line was extended in 2004 to Estádio do Dragão, in time for the Euro 2004 Football championship.

On April 14, 2005, Line B (red line) opened. The Casa da Música concert hall (which has a station on the combined ABCEF line) opened on the same day. Lines A and B are the last legacy of a line which once went from Trindade to Famalicão, originally narrow gauge, opened in 1875, completed in 1881 and switched to metre gauge in 1930. (The stretch from Varzim to Famalicão is now a bicycle trail.)

Line C (green line) opened on July 30, 2005, reaching the centre of Maia. An extension to ISMAI opened in March 2006. Line C uses a stretch formerly part of the Guimarães line which joined the current line at Lousado.

Line D (yellow line) proved the most problematic to excavate and opened in 2005. The line runs from João de Deus and Vila Nova de Gaia in the south before crossing the River Douro and passing through central Porto en route to São João Hospital in the north. The São João Hospital and IPO stations were not brought into service until April 2006 due to safety concerns. In October 2011, it was extended to Santo Ovídio.

Line E (violet line) opened on May 27, 2006, connecting the Airport Francisco Sá Carneiro and Campanhã. Several weeks later, the line was extended until Estádio do Dragão. An end-to-end journey takes 33 minutes, with trains departing every 20 minutes.

Line F (orange line) opened on January 2, 2011, connecting the Porto city centre to the Gondomar region in the east, this line runs between Senhora da Hora and Fânzeres.

Lines A, B, C, E & F follow the same course within the City of Porto (between Estádio do Dragão and Senhora da Hora). The transfer point between Line ABCEF and Line D is at Trindade in central Porto; from Trindade to Senhora da Hora, the right of way recycles the original Porto-Varzim-Famalicão/Maia-Trofa-Guimarães trunk line.

Costs and financial results

On board a Porto Metro train

An Andante ticket being validated

As of 2007, the total cost of Porto Metro mass transit public transport system stands on 3,500 million euros - over 1% of Portugal's GDP. The first phase of the project alone, which was led by the mayors of several Grande Porto (Greater Porto) municipalities including Valentim Loureiro as a chairman of the state-owned company, was 140% more expensive than initially planned which means a slippage of over 1,500 million euros. The Porto Metro state-owned company has reported losses every year, reaching a record loss of 122 million euros in 2006.

Trains

The Metro uses modern Eurotram low-floor, articulated trams. New Flexity Swift LRVs are used on line B, Bx and occasionally line C since 2008, and can reach 100 km/h (62.5 mph). They also have more seats, and can, in common with most modern light rail systems, recover 30% of the total of consumed energy during braking.

The majority of services run with two LRVs coupled together. The Eurotram consists of four main compartments, two in each carriage linked by short corridors, and also features an articulation between the two carriages. They have a capacity of 80 seated and 134 standing passengers.

Tickets

The system uses the "Andante" ticketing system. Machines in stations issue and can recharge Andante Azul - blue "Occasional" tickets, while Andante Gold is a credit-card style "Gold" tickets (which bear a scanned photograph of the holder) that can be purchased in Lojas Andante (Andante Shops). Tickets can also be topped up at Multibanco ATM terminals.

The Porto Metro operates on a proof-of-payment system. Tickets must be validated before travel by scanning them in front of the yellow machines located in stations. A validated occasional ticket allows for unlimited travel within a specified time period, currently 1 hour for the minimum 2-zone ticket, and longer as the number of valid zones increases. The gold passes allow unlimited travel within a pre-defined area, and are available in "anytime" or cheaper "10/16" (off-peak) versions. There is also a daily ticket, known as Andante 24 that allows the user to make unlimited trips within a given day in the zones chosen. For example, a Z3 (3-zone) ticket is valid for 3 zones in any direction of travel from the first validated zone. So, to cover all of the Metro, except the northernmost part of Line B (zones N2 and N3), a Z4 ticket is needed, provided it is validated in zone C1.

There are no entry barriers on the system and groups of revenue protection staff make random spot checks on passengers with hand-held scanners. The current penalty for travelling without a validated ticket is €77.

The metro uses the same zoning system as the majority of public transport providers in the Porto metropolitan area, which is divided into Central (C), North (N) and South (S) zones, and further divided into numbered sub-zones. The C1 zone in central Porto is effectively the area contained within the VCI (Via Cintura Interna) inner ring-road, while zones C2 and C6 are the areas between the VCI and the Estrada da Circunvalação outer ring-road.

The Andante system is being rolled out across the entire Porto public transit network. STCP bus routes and some other bus routes currently accept Andante and the intention is for the entire bus, metro and suburban train network to become integrated. The same ticket can be used on downtown Porto trams and the cable car (Funicular dos Guindais).

Network

Metro do Porto
Line		Length (km)	Stations	Inauguration	Vehicle
	Estádio do Dragão ↔ Senhor de Matosinhos	15,6	23	7 December 2002	Flexity Outlook (Eurotram)
	Estádio do Dragão ↔ Póvoa de Varzim	33,6	35	13 March 2005	Flexity Swift (Tram-train)
	Campanhã ↔ ISMAI	19,6	24	30 July 2005	Flexity Swift (Tram-train)
	Hospital São João ↔ Santo Ovídio	9,2	16	18 September 2005	Flexity Outlook (Eurotram)
	Estádio do Dragão ↔ Aeroporto	16,7	21	27 May 2006	Flexity Outlook (Eurotram)
	Fânzeres ↔ Senhora da Hora	17,4	24	2 January 2011	Flexity Outlook (Eurotram)
	Ribeira ↔ Batalha	0,3	2	19 February 2004	Funicular of Guindais

Line A: Senhor de Matosinhos ↔ Estádio do Dragão (blue)

Line A Legend Senhor de Matosinhos Mercado Brito Capelo Matosinhos Sul Câmara de Matosinhos Parque de Real Pedro Hispano Estádio do Mar Vasco da Gama Zone C3 Zone C2 Senhora da Hora Sete Bicas Viso Ramalde Zone C2 Zone C1 Francos Casa da Música Carolina Michaëlis Lapa Trindade Bolhão Campo 24 de Agosto Heroísmo Campanhã 18px Estádio do Dragão

Travel time: 40 minutes Headway: 10 minutes

Line A grass covered track

Line B/Bx: Póvoa de Varzim ↔ Estádio do Dragão (red)

Line B/Bx Legend Póvoa de Varzim São Brás Portas Fronhas Alto de Pêga Vila do Conde Santa Clara Zone N3 Zone N2 Azurara Árvore Varziela Espaço Natureza Mindelo Zone N2 Zone N10 Modivas Centro Modivas Sul Vilar de Pinheiro Lidador Pedras Rubras Verdes Zone N10 Zone C5 Crestins Esposade Custóias Fonte do Cuco Zone C5 Zone C2 Senhora da Hora Sete Bicas Viso Ramalde Zone C2 Zone C1 Francos Casa da Música Carolina Michaëlis Lapa Trindade Bolhão Campo 24 de Agosto Heroísmo Campanhã 18px Estádio do Dragão

Travel time (B): 61 minutes Travel time (Bx): 53 minutes Headway: 30 minutes (each service)

Flexity Swift (Tram-train) on Line B.

Line C: ISMAI ↔ Campanhã (green)

Line C Legend Paradela 18px Trofa Senhora das Dores Pateiras Bougado future Serra Muro Ribela ISMAI Castêlo da Maia Mandim Zona Industrial Zone N11 Zone C5 Fórum Maia Parque Maia Custió Araújo Pias Cândido dos Reis Fonte do Cuco Zone C5 Zone C2 Senhora da Hora Sete Bicas Viso Ramalde Zone C2 Zone C1 Francos Casa da Música Carolina Michaëlis Lapa Trindade Bolhão Campo 24 de Agosto Heroísmo Campanhã 18px

Travel time: 41 minutes Headway: 15 minutes

Metro do Porto composition next to the Forum Maia Station. Aliados Station entrance.

Line D: Santo Ovídio ↔ Hospital São João (yellow)

Line D Legend Quinta Quinta do Cedro future Laborim Santo Ovídio D. João II João de Deus Câmara de Gaia General Torres 18px Jardim do Morro Douro Zone S8 Zone C1 São Bento 18px Aliados Trindade Faria Guimarães Marquês Combatentes Salgueiros Zone C1 Zone C6 Pólo Universitário some services terminate here IPO Hospital São João

Travel time: 25 minutes Minimum headway: 5 / 10 minutes

Dom Luis I's bridge crossing by Metro Trindade Station, Line D platform IPO Station, Line D

Line E: Aeroporto ↔ Estádio do Dragão (violet)

Line E Legend Aeroporto Francisco de Sá Carneiro Airport Botica Verdes Crestins Zone N10 Zone C5 Esposade Custóias Fonte do Cuco Zone C5 Zone C2 Senhora da Hora Sete Bicas Viso Ramalde Zone C2 Zone C1 Francos Casa da Música Carolina Michaëlis Lapa Trindade Bolhão Campo 24 de Agosto Heroísmo Campanhã 18px Estádio do Dragão

Travel time: 35 minutes Headway: 30 minutes

Line F: Senhora da Hora ↔ Fânzeres (orange)

Line F Legend Senhora da Hora Sete Bicas Viso Ramalde Zone C2 Zone C1 Francos Casa da Música Carolina Michaëlis Lapa Trindade Bolhão Campo 24 de Agosto Heroísmo Campanhã 18px Estádio do Dragão Zone C1 Zone C6 Contumil 18px Nasoni Nau Vitória Zone C6 Zone C9 Levada Rio Tinto 18px Campainha Baguim Carreira Zone C9 Zone C8 Venda Nova Fânzeres

Travel time: 39 minutes Headway: 15 minutes

Funicular dos Guindais

Main article: Funicular dos Guindais

Car of the funicular. In the background, the Ferdinand Wall of Porto.

The Metro do Porto company also operates the Funicular of Guindais, a cable-car system that was originally built in 1891 and was recently remodelled. It connects the riverside area of Ribeira to higher ground at Batalha, near the São Bento station.

To use this particular service, an Andante Z2 is required.

Future expansion

Line C: To Paradela, Trofa.

Line D: Connection to Vila D'Este.

Line G: Senhor de Matosinhos to São Bento.

Line H: Matosinhos Praia to Vila D'Este.

Line I: Campanhã to Gondomar.

See also

• Trams in Porto
• Sociedade de Transportes Colectivos do Porto (STCP)
• Lisbon Metro
• List of tram and light rail transit systems

External links

• Porto Metro Official Homepage
• Official website for the ticketing system
• Map of the Porto Metro network (.pdf file)
• Metro do Porto news archive
• Photos of Metro do Porto's station architecture
• Flickr's Metro do Porto group
• Expansion - 2nd and 3rd phases (portuguese)
• Porto database / photo gallery and Porto tram list at Urban Electric Transit – in various languages, including English.