National Development and Reform Commission

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National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guójiā Fāzhǎn hé Gǎigé Wěiyuánhuì
National Emblem of the People's Republic of China.svg
Agency overview
Formed March, 2003
Preceding agencies
  • State Planning Commission
  • State Development Planning Commission
Jurisdiction  People's Republic of China
Headquarters Beijing
Employees 890
Agency executive
Parent agency State Council
Website www.ndrc.gov.cn
National Development and Reform Commission
Simplified Chinese 国家发展和改革委员会
Literal meaning State Development and Reform Commission
Commonly abbreviated as
Simplified Chinese 发改委

The National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China (NDRC), formerly State Planning Commission and State Development Planning Commission, is a macroeconomic management agency under the Chinese State Council, which has broad administrative and planning control over the Chinese economy. The candidate for the chairperson of the NDRC is nominated by the Premier of the People's Republic of China and approved by the National People's Congress. Since March 2013 the Commission has been headed by Xu Shaoshi.

The NDRC's functions are to study and formulate policies for economic and social development, maintain the balance of economic development, and to guide restructuring of China's economic system.[1] The NDRC has twenty-six functional departments/bureaus/offices with an authorized staff size of 890 civil servants.

History

The NDRC is a successor to the State Planning Commission (SPC; simplified Chinese: 国家计划委员会; traditional Chinese: 國家計劃委員會; pinyin: Guójiā Jìhuà Wěiyuánhuì and shortened to simplified Chinese: 国家计委; traditional Chinese: 國家計委; pinyin: Guójiā Jìwěi), which had managed China's centrally planned economy since 1952. In 1998, the SPC was renamed as the State Development Planning Commission (SDPC), which then merged with the State Council Office for Restructuring the Economic System (SCORES) and part of the State Economic and Trade Commission (SETC) in 2003. Since then the organization further shifted its policy from a planned economy to a socialist market economy. The restructured organization was then merged into a newly created NDRC, which gained greater responsibility and power in overseeing China's economic development.

Principal functions

The principal functions of the NDRC are:[2]

  1. To formulate and implement macroeconomic policies;
  2. To monitor and adjust the performance of the national economy;
  3. To examine and approve major construction projects;
  4. To guide and promote economic restructuring;
  5. To coordinate the readjustment of China's industrial structure with development of agriculture and rural economy;
  6. To formulate plans for the development of China's energy sector and manage national oil reserves;
  7. To promote the Western Region Development Program, which calls for China's economic growth to include the poorer Western provinces;
  8. To submit a national economic plan to the National People's Congress on behalf of the State Council.

Also, recently the NDRC has been placed in charge of China's strategic petroleum reserves.

List of chairmen

№ Name Took office Left office Premier
1 Gao Gang November 1952 August 1954 Zhou Enlai
2 Li Fuchun September 1954 January 1975 Zhou Enlai
3 Yu Qiuli January 1975 August 1980 Zhou Enlai
Hua Guofeng
4 Yao Yilin August 1980 June 1983 Zhao Ziyang
5 Song Ping June 1983 June 1987 Zhao Ziyang
6 Yao Yilin June 1987 December 1989 Zhao Ziyang
Li Peng
7 Zou Jiahua December 1989 March 1993 Li Peng
8 Chen Jinhua March 1993 March 1998 Li Peng
9 Zeng Peiyan March 1998 March 2003 Zhu Rongji
10 Ma Kai March 2003 March 2008 Wen Jiabao
11 Zhang Ping March 2008 16 March 2013 Wen Jiabao
12 Xu Shaoshi 16 March 2013 Incumbent Li Keqiang

Current Leadership

Chairman
Vice Chairmen
  1. Liu He - Minister level, chief of the General Office of the Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs, deputy party group secretary
  2. He Lifeng - Minister level, deputy party group secretary
  3. Nur Bekri - Minister level, Chair of the National Energy Administration
  4. Zhang Yong - Minister level
  5. Ning Jizhe (宁吉喆) - Minister level
  6. Mu Hong (穆虹) - Minister level, Deputy General Office chief of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms
  7. Lian Weiliang (连维良)
  8. Liu Xiaobin (刘晓滨)
  9. Lin Nianxiu (林念修)
  10. Hu Zucai (胡祖才)
  11. Wang Xiaotao (王晓涛)[3]

National Coordination Committee on Climate Change

The National Coordination Committee on Climate Change, approved by the State Council, assumed office in October 2003. Ma Kai, the Chairman of the NDRC also serves as chairman of the Committee.[4]

National Energy Administration

The NDRC oversees the National Energy Administration (NEA; 国家能源局) ensures the state's energy needs and works to strengthen the integrated administration of energy industry in concert with the NDRC.[5]

As part of its major functions, NEA:

  • Researches, drafts, and supervises energy development strategies to address China's energy needs;
  • Drafts annual plans and guidance for energy development—including analysis on issues such as technology innovation, construction, and energy conservation—researches China's energy development goals, and reviews major energy projects;
  • Analyzes and crafts energy development policies, regulations, and standards while considering the impact of financial, pricing, trade, foreign investment, and consumption policies on the balance of supply and demand for energy;
  • Advises on, and coordinates, reforms in China's energy regime;
  • Promotes sustainable development strategies for energy production and use;
  • Coordinates China's international energy cooperation, including the country's communication with foreign governments and international energy agencies and participation in international cooperative projects;
  • Coordinates the development and production of major energy enterprises;
  • Guides and coordinates local energy development;
  • Coordinates China's work on national gas reserves; and
  • Handles other tasks from NDRC and other supervising agencies.

NEA was established in August 2008, replacing the National Energy Bureau (NEB; 国家能源局) which attempted to reform China’s highly dispersed energy management.[6][7]

Structure

  • General Office
  • Office of Policy Studies
  • Department of Development Planning
  • Department of National Economy
  • Bureau of Economic Operations (Inter-Ministerial Office of the Alleviation of Enterprise Burden under the State Council)
  • Department of Economic System Reform
  • Department of Fixed Assets Investment
  • Department of Industrial Policies
  • Department of Foreign Capital Utilization
  • Department of Regional Economy
  • Department of Rural Economy
  • Bureau of Energy (National Oil Reserve Office)
  • Department of Transportation
  • Department of Industry (Office of Rare Earth, Office of Salt Industry Administration, National Chemical Weapons Convention Implementation Office)
  • Department of High-Tech Industry
  • Department of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
  • Department of Resource Conservation and Environmental Protection (Office of National Coordination Committee for Climate Change)
  • Department of Social Development
  • Department of Trade
  • Department of Fiscal and Financial Affairs
  • Department of Price
  • Department of Price Supervision
  • Department of Employment and Income Distribution
  • Department of Laws and Regulations
  • Department of International Cooperation
  • Department of Personnel
  • The NDRC Party Committee
  • Office of National Economic Mobilization
  • Office of Key Project Inspectors
  • State Bureau of Material Reserve
  • State Grain Administration
  • State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (China National Tobacco Corporation)
  • Office of the Leading Group for Western Region Development of the State Council
  • Office of the Leading Group for Revitalizing Northeast China and Other Old Industrial Bases of the State Council
  • Office of the National Energy Leading Group

See also

References

  1. ↑ NDRC
  2. ↑ http://en.ndrc.gov.cn/brief/default.htm
  3. ↑ Leadership of the NDRC
  4. ↑ China Climate Change Info-Net
  5. ↑ [1]]
  6. ↑ Highlights of China's institutional restructuring plan - china.org.cn
  7. ↑ Energy bureau gets permission to increase size

External links

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