Night of Agony
The Night of Agony (Portuguese: Noite da agonia) was a historical event in the Brazilian Empire, occurring in the pre-dawn hours of 12 November 1823, when emperor Dom Pedro I ordered the army to invade and dissolve the Brazilian constitutional assembly. The assembly resisted for several hours, but in the end was dissolved various of its members were imprisoned and deported, including the brothers José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva and Martim Francisco Ribeiro de Andrada, as well as Antônio Carlos Ribeiro de Andrada Machado e Silva.[1][2]
The incident was considered a reinforcement of the absolute monarchy.[3] The following year, on March 25, 1824, a new Imperial Constitution was adopted, which designed an Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branch, but also invested in the Emperor the title of "Moderator", acting as a neutral intermediary between the branches.
