Operation Anvil (nuclear test)

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Operation Anvil
File:NTS - Underground Testing 017.jpg
Anvil Husky Pup test chamber 1.
Information
Country United States
Test site NTS Area 12, Rainier Mesa; NTS Area 19, 20, Pahute Mesa; NTS, Areas 1-4, 6-10, Yucca Flat
Period 1975-1976
Number of tests 21
Test type underground shaft, underground tunnel
Max. yield 1 megatonne of TNT (4.2 PJ)
Navigation
Previous test series Operation Bedrock
Next test series Operation Fulcrum

Operation Anvil[1] was a series of 21 nuclear tests conducted by the United States in 1975-1976 at the Nevada Test Site. These tests followed the Operation Bedrock series and preceded the Operation Fulcrum series.

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See also: List of nuclear weapons tests of the United States
United States' Anvil series tests and detonations
Name [note 1] Date time (UT) Local time zone [note 2][2] Location [note 3] Elevation + height [note 4] Delivery [note 5]
Purpose [note 6]		 Device [note 7] Yield [note 8] Fallout [note 9] References Notes
Marsh 6 September 1975 17:00:00.113 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U3kb Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,187 m (3,894 ft) - 427.21 m (1,401.6 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 7 kt [1][3][4][5][6]
Peninsula
(aborted)		 23 October 1975 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area near U2em 1,220 m (4,000 ft) + underground shaft,
 no yield Became stuck in shaft while being lowered; abandoned, later destroyed by Tinderbox/Azul.
Husky Pup 24 October 1975 17:11:26.093 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U12t.03 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 2,036 m (6,680 ft) - 327.96 m (1,076.0 ft) underground tunnel,
weapon effect		 15 kt [1][3][5][6][7]
Kasseri 28 October 1975 14:30:00.16 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U20z Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,957 m (6,421 ft) - 1,264.92 m (4,150.0 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 1 Mt Venting detected [1][5][6][7][8]
Deck 18 November 1975 15:30:00.113 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U3kd Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,185 m (3,888 ft) - 326.14 m (1,070.0 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 5 kt [1][5][6]
Inlet 20 November 1975 15:00:00.093 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U19f Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 2,025 m (6,644 ft) - 818.33 m (2,684.8 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 500 kt [1][3][5][6][7]
Leyden 26 November 1975 15:30:00.163 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U9cm Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,303 m (4,275 ft) - 326.11 m (1,069.9 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 5 kt [1][3][5][6][7]
Chiberta 20 December 1975 20:00:00.164 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U2ek Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,264 m (4,147 ft) - 716 m (2,349 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 160 kt [1][3][4][5][6]
Muenster 3 January 1976 19:15:00.162 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U19e Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 2,082 m (6,831 ft) - 1,452.4 m (4,765 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 800 kt [1][3][5][6][7]
Keelson 4 February 1976 14:20:00.112 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U7ai Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,218 m (3,996 ft) - 639.62 m (2,098.5 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 150 kt [1][3][4][5][6]
Esrom 4 February 1976 14:40:00.163 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U7ak Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,258 m (4,127 ft) - 654.6 m (2,148 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 160 kt Venting detected, 88 Ci (3,300 GBq) [1][3][5][6][8][9]
Fontina 12 February 1976 14:45:00.163 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U20f Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,837 m (6,027 ft) - 1,219 m (3,999 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 900 kt [1][3][5][6][7]
Cheshire 14 February 1976 11:30:00.162 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U20n Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,947 m (6,388 ft) - 1,167 m (3,829 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 350 kt [1][3][5][6][7] See Whetstone/Cambric. A test of groundwater mobility in moving buried radiaoactives, this time in volcanic rock/soil.
Shallows 26 February 1976 14:50:00.091 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U3jf Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,188 m (3,898 ft) - 244.85 m (803.3 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 2.5 kt Venting detected [1][4][5][6][8]
Estuary 9 March 1976 14:00:00.094 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U19g Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 2,025 m (6,644 ft) - 856.79 m (2,811.0 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 350 kt [1][3][5][6][7]
Colby 14 March 1976 12:30:00.163 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U20aa Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,904 m (6,247 ft) - 1,273.4 m (4,178 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 800 kt Venting detected, 44 Ci (1,600 GBq) [1][5][6][7][8]
Pool 17 March 1976 14:15:00.09 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U19p Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 2,076 m (6,811 ft) - 881.18 m (2,891.0 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 500 kt [1][3][5][6][7]
Strait 17 March 1976 14:45:00.091 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U4a Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,243 m (4,078 ft) - 782.42 m (2,567.0 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 210 kt [1][3][4][5][6]
Mighty Epic 12 May 1976 19:50:00.17 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U12n.10 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 2,224 m (7,297 ft) - 396.24 m (1,300.0 ft) underground tunnel,
weapon effect		 20 kt [1][5][6]
Rivoli 20 May 1976 17:30:00.162 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U2eg Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,279 m (4,196 ft) - 199.64 m (655.0 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 600 t Venting detected [1][5][6][7][8]
Billet 27 July 1976 20:30:00.079 PST (-8 hrs)
 NTS Area U7an Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found. 1,222 m (4,009 ft) - 636.57 m (2,088.5 ft) underground shaft,
weapons development		 58 kt I-131 venting detected, 0 [1][3][5][6][8][9]
  1. ↑ The US, France and Great Britain have code-named their test events, while the USSR and China did not, and therefore have only test numbers (with some exceptions – Soviet peaceful explosions were named). Word translations into English in parentheses unless the name is a proper noun. A dash followed by a number indicates a member of a salvo event. The US also sometimes named the individual explosions in such a salvo test, which results in "name1 – 1(with name2)". If test is canceled or aborted, then the row data like date and location discloses the intended plans, where known.
  2. ↑ To convert the UT time into standard local, add the number of hours in parentheses to the UT time; for local daylight saving time, add one additional hour. If the result is earlier than 00:00, add 24 hours and subtract 1 from the day; if it is 24:00 or later, subtract 24 hours and add 1 to the day. All historical timezone data are derived from here:
  3. ↑ Rough place name and a latitude/longitude reference; for rocket-carried tests, the launch location is specified before the detonation location, if known. Some locations are extremely accurate; others (like airdrops and space blasts) may be quite inaccurate. "~" indicates a likely pro-forma rough location, shared with other tests in that same area.
  4. ↑ Elevation is the ground level at the point directly below the explosion relative to sea level; height is the additional distance added or subtracted by tower, balloon, shaft, tunnel, air drop or other contrivance. For rocket bursts the ground level is "N/A". In some cases it is not clear if the height is absolute or relative to ground, for example, Plumbbob/John. No number or units indicates the value is unknown, while "0" means zero. Sorting on this column is by elevation and height added together.
  5. ↑ Atmospheric, airdrop, balloon, gun, cruise missile, rocket, surface, tower, and barge are all disallowed by the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Sealed shaft and tunnel are underground, and remained useful under the PTBT. Intentional cratering tests are borderline; they occurred under the treaty, were sometimes protested, and generally overlooked if the test was declared to be a peaceful use.
  6. ↑ Include weapons development, weapon effects, safety test, transport safety test, war, science, joint verification and industrial/peaceful, which may be further broken down.
  7. ↑ Designations for test items where known, "?" indicates some uncertainty about the preceding value, nicknames for particular devices in quotes. This category of information is often not officially disclosed.
  8. ↑ Estimated energy yield in tons, kilotons, and megatons. A ton of TNT equivalent is defined as 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie).
  9. ↑ Radioactive emission to the atmosphere aside from prompt neutrons, where known. The measured species is only iodine-131 if mentioned, otherwise it is all species. No entry means unknown, probably none if underground and "all" if not; otherwise notation for whether measured on the site only or off the site, where known, and the measured amount of radioactivity released.

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  2. ↑ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'strict' not found.
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